Unit58.docx

Unit58.docx

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Unit58

Unit5

Activereading

（1）

Languagepoints

1Itwassnowingheavily…notjusttotrackdownthelast-minutepresents,buttoescapethebitter

cold…（Para1）

Totrackdownmeanstofindsomethingorsomeoneafteralongsearch.

AtChristmasmanypeoplegivealotofthoughttofindtherightgiftandbuypresentswellinadvance,

otherswaitandbuysomethingatthelastopportunityonDec24thtobuythelast-minutepresents.

2HewasnotyetenjoyingtheChristmasspirit...albeitaworkingdinneratJoanne’s.（Para2）

Thewordalbeitisusedforintroducingacommentthatslightlychangesorreducestheeffectofaprevious

remark,likeevenifitis/although…

3Hewasfromahard-workingfamilyinupstateVirginia…（Para2）

ThewordupstatemeanstheplaceisinthenorthernpartofaparticularstateintheUS.

4ButhisdemeanorconcealedaHarvardlawdegreeandaninternshipinDCwithacongressman,a

juniorpartnershipinaNewYorklawfirm,alongwitharazor-sharpintellectandanabilitytothink

onhisfeet.（Para2）

Partnershipreferstothepositionofbeingoneoftwoormorepeoplewhoownacompanyaspartners.

Ajuniorpartnerisaneweroryoungerpartnerwhohaslessresponsibilityorfewersharesthanasenior

partner.

Arazor-sharpintellectisaveryintelligentmind,whichisquicktothinkandreact;itisassharpasarazor.

Theabilitytothinkonone’sfeetmeansbeingabletothinkquicklyinunexpectedsituations.

5SenatorRogerswasaDemocrat…whoknewCapitolHillinsideoutbutwhohadnevertheless

managedtokeephercredibilitywithhervotersasaWashingtonoutsider.（Para3）

Toknowsomethinginsideoutmeanstoknowsomethingverywell.

AWashingtonoutsiderreferstosomeonewhoisoutsidethecentralgroupsormembersofpoliticalcircles

inWashingtonandisthereforepossiblyindependent.

SenatorRogerswasinherthirdtermofoffice（ieshehadbeenasenatorforatleasteightyears）andshe

knewtheSenateandthegovernmentinstitutionsinWashingtonthoroughly.Still,shehadkeptanimage

withvotersthatshewasanoutsider（ieshehadnotbeenaffectednegativelybyknowingWashingtontoo

wellorbybecomingtoomuchlikeotherpoliticians）.

6Shewaspro-abortion,anti-corruption,pro-lowcarbonemissionsandanti-capitalpunishment,as

fineaprogressiveliberalasyoucouldfindthissideoftheAtlantic.（Para3）

Theprefixpro-meansinfavourofsomethingorsomeone.Theprefixanti-meansagainst.Pro-abortion,

anti-corruption,pro-lowcarbonemissionsandanti-capitalpunishment,alloftheseexampleshavebeen

seenasimportantpoliticalissuesintheUS,whicharedebatedinpoliticalcampaignsandtherefore

politiciansaregenerallyexpectedtotakeapositiononthem.Forexample,SenatorRogerswasinfavour

ofreducingcarbonemissions–theoutputofCO2intotheatmosphere,becauseshewasawareofthe

negativeeffectofhighemissionsonclimatechange.

Aprogressiveliberalissomeonewhobelievesinsocialorpoliticalchangeifmostpeoplewantit,

especiallychangethatmakesasystemfairer.

TheexpressionthissideoftheAtlanticreferstoNorthAmerica.TheothersideoftheAtlanticwouldbein

Europe,andviceversaforspeakersinEurope.

7Itwaselectiontimeinthefollowingyear,andthewordwasshewasgoingtorunfortheDemocratic

nomination.（Para3）

Theexpressionthewordwasmeanstherewassometalkthat…,orpeopleweresayingthat…

Unit5Aplaceinsociety

158

TheDemocraticnominationherereferstotheofficialapprovalofacandidateforthepresidentby

theDemocraticparty.ThenominationtakesplaceofficiallyduringtheDemocraticconventionbefore

apresidentialelectioncampaign.Uptothatpoint,therearecandidateswhorunorcompeteforthe

nomination,laterthePresidentialcandidatesrunforPresident.Thereareparallelprocessesinthe

Republicanparty.

8He’dneverbeentoJoanne’s…whichhadoftenbeenmaligned,oritsjazzorchestra,whichhada

guestslotforawell-knownmoviedirectorwhoplayedtrumpet,butbecauseofthestellarquality

ofitssophisticatedguests:

politicians,diplomats,movieactors,hall-of-fameathletes,journalists,

writers,rockstarsandNobelPrizewinners–inshort,anyonewhowasanyoneinthiscityofpower

brokers.（Para4）

Tomalignmeanstosayunpleasantthingsaboutsomethingorsomeone,usuallyunfairly.

Aguestslotreferstoaguestappearanceasaparticularoccasioninaseriesofperformancesor

programmes.

Theexpressionanyonewhoisanyonemeansanyreallyimportantpersonorsomeonewithawell-known

name.

Powerbrokersarethepeoplewhocontrolorinfluencewhichpeoplegetpoliticalpowerinanarea.

Thesentencemeansheknewthereputationoftherestaurantforitsfamousguests;itsreputationwasnot

foritsfoodorlivemusic（whichincludedajazzorchestrainwhichafamousfilmdirectorsometimes

played）.Theguestsincludedpoliticians,diplomats,actors,journalists,writers,musiciansandscientists–

anyonewhoiswell-knowninWashington,acityinwhichmanypeoplearepowerfulorinfluentialinthe

government.

9Inside,therestaurantwasheavingwithpeople.（Para5）

Theexpressionheavingwithpeoplemeanscrowdsofpeoplearepushingandpulling,movingupand

down.

10“GoodeveningMissBacall,goodeveningMrHanks,”andclickedhisfingerstosummonanother

waitertoshowthemtotheirtable.（Para8）

MissBacallandMrHanksmaybeobliquereferencestofilmstarsLaurenBacallandTomHanks.

Toclickone’sfingersmeanstomakeanoisewithone’sfingersasasignaltosummonorcallsomeone.

11Theheadwaiterblinked,andswallowedhard.（Para22）

Toblinkmeanstocloseandopenone’seyesquickly.Here,thisshowssurprise.

Toswallowhardmeanstomakeamovementinthethroatasifswallowingfood.Herethisshows

embarrassment–Albertorealizedhehasmadeamistake.

12Inaclasslesssociety,RogerswastheclosestthingtoaristocracythatAmericahad.（Para23）

Americahasareputationforbeingclassless,ieitdoesn’thavesuchsocialclassesasEuropeancountries

aresupposedtohave.Thismeansthattherearenopeoplelikearistocrats,butSenatorRogerswasso

distinguishedthatsheseemedlikeanaristocrat,orverynearlyanaristocrat.

13Albertohoveredforamoment,thenwenttospeaktoacolleague.（Para23）

Tohovermeanstowaitorstayforamomentwhilesomebodydecideswhattodo.Thisshowsthatheor

sheisunsureforthemoment.

AplaceinsocietyUnit5

159

Readingandunderstanding

2Answerthequestions.

1Whereandwhenisthestoryset?

ThestoryissetinJoanne’s,afamousrestaurantinNewYorkonChristmasEve.

2WhoisJosh?

Joshisasmart,hard-workinglawyerinhisearlythirties.HeisanAfrican-American.

3WhydoeshegotoJoanne’s?

HehasanappointmentatJoanne’s.

4WhoisJoRogers?

JoRogersisaseniorSenatorinWashingtonandawell-knownpersoninAmerica.

5HowdoestheheadwaitergreetJosh?

HegreetsJoshverybadly.Hehasadisdainful,superiorattitudetowardsJoshandbehavesrudely.

6Wheredoesheeventuallyseathim?

Atthebackoftherestaurant,closetothebathroom,nearahalf-openedwindowthroughwhichanicy

breezeisblowing.

7WhatdoeseveryonedowhenJoarrives?

Everybodybecomessilentandturnstolookatherandgreetsherwithsilentapplause.

8Whatsuggestiondoestheheadwaitermake?

Hesuggeststhattheyshouldsitatabettertableinthemiddleoftherestaurant,fromwhichshecansee

everybody,oreverybodycanseeher.

9DoesJoaccepttheinvitation?

No,shesaysthewaiterbroughtherfriendtothattable,sotheywillstaythere.

3Choosethebestsummaryofthepassage.

Teachingtips

AskSstogivereasonswhytheothertwosummariesarenotthebestones.Pleaseseecommentsbelow.

1It’sChristmastime,andayoungmancomesintoaverybusyrestaurant.Theheadwaitershowshimtoa

tablebyanopenwindow.Alittlelaterawell-knownpoliticiancomesinandsayssheisdiningwiththe

youngman.Theheadwaitersuggestsmovingthembothtoamorecomfortabletable,butthepolitician

declinestheoffer,sayingthatshe’shappytostaythereifherfriendishappytheretoo.

Comment:

Itsummarizessomeofthepoints.Butthefinalsentenceiswrong:

TheSenatordoesn’tgive

anyconditionsaboutstayingatthetable,shejustsaystheywillstaywherethewaiterseatedherfriend.

2Awell-knownpoliticianarrangesameetingwithayoungman.Shewantshimtohelpherinherelection

campaigntobecomeUSPresident.Theyarrangetomeetinacrowdedrestaurant,wheretheycanspeak

informally.Thewaiterdoesn’trecognizetheyoungman,andseatshimattheworsttableintheroom,

butwhenthepoliticianarrivesherealizeshismistake,asheknowsthetwoneedtobecomfortableto

discusspolitics.

Comment:

Thisispartiallywrongandfailstocapturethemainidea,theyarrangetomeetatJoanne’s

becauseitisafamousrestaurant.

Unit5Aplaceinsociety

160

3Whenayoungblackmanarrivesinacrowdedandexpensiverestaurant,theheadwaitermakeshimsit

intheleastcomfortableplace,eventhoughatablehasbeenbookedforhimanda“MsRogers”.When

MsRogersarrives,thewaiterrealizesthatsheisawell-knownpolitician;andMsRogersrealizesthat

herfriendhasbeentreatedbadlybecauseofthecolourofhisskin.Thewaiterrealizeshismistaketoo,

andtriestomakeupforit,butitistoolate.

Comments:

ThisisthebestsummarybecauseitcapturesthemainpointaboutthetreatmentofJosh.

Thepassagedoesnotactuallystatethathewastreatedbadlybecauseofthecolourofhisskin,butitis

impliedandinthecontextitislikelytobeth