英语六级真题.docx
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英语六级真题.docx
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英语六级真题
2008年6月21日英语六级试题
PartIWriting(30minutes)
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledWillE-booksReplaceTraditionalBooks?
Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.
1.随着信息技术的发展,电子图书越来越多
2.有人认为电子图书会取代传统图书,理由是……
3.我的看法
PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)
Whatwilltheworldbelikeinfiftyyears?
Thisweeksometopscientists,includingNobelPrizewinners,gavetheirvisionofhowtheworldwilllookin2056,fromgas-poweredcarstoextraordinaryhealthadvances,JohnInghamreportsonwhattheworld’sfinestmindsbelieveourfutureswillbe.
Forthoseofusluckyenoughtolivethatlong,2056willbeaworldofalmostperpetualyouth,whereobesityisaremotememoryandrobotsbecomeourcompanions.
Wewillberubbingshoulderswithaliensandcolonizingouterspace.Betterstill,ourdescendantsmightatlastliveinaworldatpeacewithitself.
Thepredictionisthatwewillhavefoundasourceofinexhaustible,safe,greenenergy,andthatsciencewillhavekilledoffreligion.Iftheyarerightwewillhaveremovedtwoofthemaincausesofwar-ourdependenceonoilandreligiousprejudice.
Willwereally,astoday’sscientist’sclaim,beabletoliveforeveroratleastcheattheageingprocesssothattheaveragepersonlivesto150?
Ofcourse,allthesepredictionscomewithascientifichealthwarning.HarvardprofessorStevenPinkersays:
“Thisisaninvitationtolookfoolish,aswiththepredictionsofdomedcitiesandnuclear-poweredvacuumcleanersthatweremade50yearago.”
Livinglonger
AnthonyAtala,directoroftheWakeForestInstituteinNorthCarolina,belivesfailingorganswillberepairedbyinjectingcellsintothebody.Theywillnaturallytostraighttotheinjuryandhelphealit.Asystemofinjectionswithoutneedlescouldalsoslowtheageingprocessbyusingthesameprocessto“tune”cells.
Lahn,professorofhumangeneticsattheUniversityofChicago,anticipatestheabilitytoproduce“unlimitedsupplies”oftransplantablehumanorganswithouttheneededaneworgan,suchaskidney,thesurgeonwouldcontactacommercialorganproducer,givehimthepatient’simmune-logicalprofileandwouldthenbesentakidneywiththecorrecttissuetype.
Theseorganswouldbeentirelycomposedofhumancells,grownbyintroducingthemintoanimalhosts,andallowingthemtodevelopintoandorganinplaceoftheanimal’sown.ButProf.Lahnbelievesthatfarmedbrainswouldbe“offlimits”.Hesays:
“Veryfewpeoplewouldwanttohavetheirbrainsreplacedbysomeoneelse’sandweprobablydon’twanttoputahumanbrainingananimalbody.”
RichardMiller,aprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan,thinksscientistcoulddevelop“anthematicanti-ageingdrugs”byworkingouthowcellsinlargeranimalssuchaswhalesandhumanresistmanyformsofinjuries.Hesays:
“It’sisnowroutine,inlaboratorymammals,toextendlifespanbyabout40%.Turningonthesameprotectivesystemsinpeopleshould,by2056,createthefirstclassof100-year-oldswhoareasvigorousandproductiveastoday’speopleintheir60s”
Aliens
ConlinPillinger,professorofplanetarysciencesattheOpenUniversity,says:
“IfancythatatleastwewillbeabletoshowthatlifedidstarttoevolveonMarswellasEarth.”Within50yearshehopesscientistswillprovethatalienlifecamehereinMartianmeteorites(陨石).
ChrisMcKay,aplanetaryscientistatNASA’sAmesResearchCenterbelievesthatin50yearswemayfindevidenceofalienlifeinancientpermanentfrostofMarsoronotherplaners.
Headds:
“ThereisevenachancewewillfindalienlifeformshereonEarth.ItmightbeasdifferentasEnglishistoChinese.”
PrincetonprofessorFreemanDysonthinksit“likely”thatlifeformouterspacewillbediscoveredbefore2056becausethetoolsforfindingit,suchasopticalandradiodetectionanddataprocessing,areimproving.
Hesays:
“Assoonasthefirstevidenceisfound,wewillknowwhattolookforandadditionaldiscoveriesarelikelytofollowquickly.Suchdiscoveriesarelikelytohaverevolutionaryconsequencesforbiology,astronomyandphilosophy.Theymaychangethewaywelookatourselvesandourplaceintheuniverse”.
Coloniesinspace
RichardGotprofessorofastrophysicsatPrinceton,hopesmanwillsetupaself-sufficientcolonyonMars,whichwouldbea“lifeinsurancepolicyagainstwhatevercatastrophes,naturalorotherwise,mightoccuronEarth.
“TherealspaceraceiswhetherwewillcolonizeoffEarthontootherworldsbeforemoneyforthespaceprogrammerunsout.”
Spinalinjuries
EllenHeber-Katz,aprofessorattheWestarInstituteinPhiladelphia,foreseescuresforinjuriescausingparalysissuchastheonethatafflictedSupermanstarChristopherReeve.
Shesays:
Ibelievethatthedayisnotfaroffwhenwewillbeabletoproscribedrugsthatcausesevere(断裂的)spinalcordstoheal,heartstoregenerateandlostlimbstoregrow.
“Peoplewillcometoexpectthatinjuredordiseasedorgansaremeanttoberepairedfromwithin,inmuchthesamewaythatwefixanapplianceorautomobile:
byreplantingthedamagedpartwithamanufacturer-certifiednewpart.”Shepredictsthatwithin5to10yearsfingersandtoeswillberegrownandlimbswillstarttoberegrownafewyearslater.Repairstothenervoussystemwillstartwithopticnervesand,intime,thespinalcord.“Within50yearswholebodyreplacementwillberoutine,”Prof.Heber-Katzadds.
Obesity
SydneyBrenner,seniordistinguishedfellowoftheCrick-JacobsCenterinCalifornia,wonthe2002NobelPrizeforMedicineandsaysthatifthereisaglobaldisastersomehumanswillsurvive-andevolutionwillfavorsmallpeoplewithbodieslargeenoughtosupporttherequiredamountofbrainpower.“Obesity,”hesays.“willhavebeensolved.”
Robots
RodneyBrooks,professorofroboticatMIT,saystheproblemsofdevelopingartificialintelligenceforrobotswillbeatleastpartlyovercome.Asaresult,“thepossibilitiesforrobotsworkingwithpeoplewillopenupimmensely”
Energy
BillJoy,greentechnologyexpertinCalifornia,says:
“Themostsignificantbreakthroughwouldbetohaveaninexhaustiblesourceofsafe,greenenergythatissubstantiallycheaperthananyexistingenergysource.”
Ideally,suchasourcewouldbesafeinthatitcouldnotbemadeintoweaponsandwouldnotmakehazardousortoxicwasteorcarbondioxide,themaingreenhousegasblamedforglobalwarming.
Society
GeoffreyMiller,evolutionarypsychologistattheUniversityofNewMexico,says:
“TheUSwillfollowtheUKinrealizingthatreligionisnoraprerequisite(前提)forordinaryhumandecency.”
“Thissciencewillkillreligion-notbyreasonchallengingfaithbutbyofferingamorepractical,universalandrewardingmoralframeworkforhumaninteraction.”
Healsopredictsthat“absurdlywasteful”displaysofwealthwillbecomeunfashionablewhiletheimportanceofclose-knitcommunitiesandfamilieswillbecomeclearer.
Thesetherechanger,hesays,willhelpmakeusall“brighter,wiser,happierandkinder”.
1.Whatisjohnlngham’sreportabout?
A)AsolutiontotheglobalenergycrisisB)Extraordinaryadvancesintechnology.
C)ThelatestdevelopmentsofmedicalscienceD)Scientists’visionoftheworldinhalfacentury
2.AccordingtoHarvardprofessorStevenPinker,predictionsaboutthefuture_____.
A)mayinvitetroubleB)maynotcometrueC)willfoolthepublicD)domoreharmthangood
3.ProfessorBruceLahnoftheUniversityofChicagopredictsthat____.
A)humanswon’thavetodonateorgansfortransplantation
B)morepeoplewilldonatetheirorgansfortransplantation
C)animalorganscouldbetransplantedintohumanbodies
D)organtransplantationwon’tbeasscaryasitistoday
4.AccordingtoProfessorRichardMilleroftheUniversityofMichigan,peoplewill____.
A)lifeforaslongastheywishB)berelievedfromallsufferings
C)lifeto100andmorewithvitalityD)beabletolivelongerthanwhales
5.PricetonprofessorFreemanSysonthinksthat____.
A)scientistswillfindalienlifesimilartooursB)humanswillbeabletosettleonMars
C)alienlifewilllikelybediscoveredD)lifewillstarttoevolveonMars
6.AccordingtoPrincetonprofessorRichardGott,bysettingupaself-sufficientcolonyonMars,
Humans_____.
A)MightsurviveallcatastrophesonearthB)Mightacquireamplenaturalresources
C)WillbeabletotraveltoMarsfreelyD)Willmovetheretoliveabetterlife
7.EllenHeber-Katz,professorattheWestarInstituteinPhiladelphia,predictsthat_____.
A)humanorganscanbemanufacturedlikeappliances
B)peoplewillbeasstronganddynamicassupermen
C)humannervescanbereplantedbyopticfibers
D)lostfingersandlimbswillbeabletoregrow
8.rodneyBrookssaysthatitwillbepossibleforrobotstoworkwithhumansasaresultorthedevelopmentof.
9.ThemostsignificantbreakthroughpredictedbyBilljoywillbeaninexhaustiblegreenenergysourcethatcan’tbeusedtomake.
10AccordingtoGeoffreyMiller,sciencewillofferamorepractical,universalandrewardingmoralframeworkinplaceof.
PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)
SectionA
11.A)ThemanmightbeabletoplayintheWorldCup.
B)Theman’sfootballcareerseemstobeatanend.
C)Themanwasoperatedonafewweeksago.
D)Themanisafanofworld-famousfootballplayers.
12.A)WorkoutaplantotightenhisbudgetB)Findouttheopeninghoursofthecafeteria.
C)Applyforaseniorpositionintherestaurant.D)Solvehisproblembydoingapart-timejob.
13.A)Afinancialburden.B)AgoodcompanionC)Arealnuisance.D)Awell-trainedpet.
14.A)Theerrorswillbecorrectedsoon.B)The
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