英国文学集天真之歌songs of innocence.docx
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英国文学集天真之歌songs of innocence.docx
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英国文学集天真之歌songsofinnocence
WilliamBlake
天真之歌(songsofinnocence)
ThisarticleisabouttheWilliamBlakepoem.Forotheruses,seeLamb(disambiguation)
Blake'sillustrationof"TheLamb"
"TheLamb"isapoembyWilliamBlake,publishedinSongsofInnocencein1789.LikemanyofBlake'sworks,thepoemisaboutChristianity.
Background
LiketheotherSongsofInnocenceandExperience,TheLambwasintendedtobesung;WilliamBlake'soriginalmelodyisnowlost.ItwasmadeintoasongbyVaughanWilliams.ItwasalsosettomusicbySirJohnTavener,whoexplained,"TheLambcametomefullygrownandwaswritteninanafternoonanddedicatedtomynephewSimonforhis3rdbirthday."AmericanpoetAllenGinsbergsetthepoemtomusic,alongwithseveralotherofBlake'spoems.[1]
TheLambcanbecomparedtoamoregrandioseBlakepoem:
TheTygerinSongsofExperience.Criticalanalysissuggeststhatbothpoems,"TheLamb"and"TheTyger,"questiontheChristianbeliefthatGodisgood;ifGodisresponsibleforcreatingboththegoodthingsinlife(thelamb)andtheevilthings(thetyger),howcanGodbegoodandmoral?
[originalresearch?
]
ThelambinthepoemmaybecomparedtoJesusChrist,whoisalsoknownas"TheLambofGod".[2]
Poeticstructure
Thispoemhasasimplerhymescheme :
AABBCCDDAAAAEFDDFEAA
Thelayoutissetupbytwostanzaswiththerefrain:
"LittleLambwhomadethee?
/Dostthouknowwhomadethee?
"
Inthefirststanza,thespeakerwonderswhothelamb'screatoris;theanswerliesattheendofthepoem.Herewefindaphysicaldescriptionofthelamb,seenasapureandgentlecreature.
Inthesecondstanza,thelambiscomparedwiththeinfantJesus,aswellasbetweenthelambandthespeaker'ssoul.Inthelasttwolinesthespeakeridentifiesthecreator:
God.
HolyThursday(SongsofInnocence)
HolyThursdayisapoembyWilliamBlake,fromhisbookofpoemsSongsofInnocence.(ThereisalsoaHolyThursdaypoeminSongsofExperience,whichcontraststhissong.)
ThepoemdepictsareligiouseventcarriedononaHolyThursday,inwhichrowsofcleanchildrendressedincheerfulclotheswalkintoSaintPaulcathedralinasortofprocession,guidedbybeadles.CitizensofLondontown,includingtheagedman,sitandobservetheceremonywhilethousandsoflittleboysandgirlselevatetheirhandsandasongisraisedtoHeaven.
ThepoemisacriticismoftheFoundlingHospital.OrphansatthehospitalwouldbecleanedandmarchedannuallytoSaintPaulcathedraltosing.Thiswasseenasatreatfortheorphans.ThebleakrealityoftheirlivesisdepictedinHolyThursday(SongsofExperience).
TheChimneySweeperisthetitleoftwopoemsbyWilliamBlake,publishedinSongsofInnocencein1789andSongsofExperiencein1794.[1]Intheearlierpoem,ayoungchimneysweeperrecountsadreamhadbyoneofhisfellows,inwhichanangelrescuestheboysfromcoffinsandtakesthemtoasunnymeadow;inthelaterpoem,anapparentlyadultspeakerencountersachildchimneysweeperabandonedinthesnowwhilehisparentsareatchurch.
ThePoems
SongsofInnocence
WhenmymotherdiedIwasveryyoung,
Andmyfathersoldmewhileyetmytongue
Couldscarcelycry'weep!
'weep!
'weep!
'weep!
SoyourchimneysIsweep,andinsootIsleep.
There'slittleTomDacre,whocriedwhenhishead,
Thatcurledlikealamb'sback,wasshaved:
soIsaid,
"Hush,Tom!
nevermindit,forwhenyourhead'sbare,
Youknowthatthesootcannotspoilyourwhitehair."
Andsohewasquiet;andthatverynight,
AsTomwasa-sleeping,hehadsuchasight,-
Thatthousandsofsweepers,Dick,Joe,Ned,andJack,
Wereallofthemlockedupincoffinsofblack.
Andbycameanangelwhohadabrightkey,
Andheopenedthecoffinsandsetthemallfree;
Thendownagreenplainleaping,laughing,theyrun,
Andwashinariver,andshineinthesun.
Thennakedandwhite,alltheirbagsleftbehind,
Theyriseuponcloudsandsportinthewind;
AndtheangeltoldTom,ifhe'dbeagoodboy,
He'dhaveGodforhisfather,andneverwantjoy.
AndsoTomawoke;andweroseinthedark,
Andgotwithourbagsandourbrushestowork.
Thoughthemorningwascold,Tomwashappyandwarm;
Soifalldotheirdutytheyneednotfearharm.
经验之歌(SongsofExperience)
(1)
2010年01月12日星期二上午09:
41
Introduction
HearthevoiceoftheBard!
WhoPresent,Past,&Futuresees
Whoseearshaveheard,
TheHolyWord,
Thatwalk'damongtheancienttrees.
CallingthelapsedSoul
Andweepingintheeveningdew:
Thatmightcontrol,
Thestarrypole;
Andfallenfallenlightrenew!
OEarthOEarthreturn!
Arisefromoutthedewygrass;
Nightisworn,
Andthemorn
Risesfromtheslumberousmass,
Turnawaynomore:
Whywiltthouturnaway
Thestarryfloor
Thewatryshore
Isgiv'ntheetillthebreakofday.
经验之歌序诗
听那行吟诗人的声音!
他看见现在、过去和未来。
他的耳朵听得见
那神圣的字眼
漫步在那古老的树林间。
呼唤那堕落的灵魂,
并且在夜晚的露珠中流泪;
也许可以支配
那灿烂的星座
又重新洒下、洒下光辉!
哦,大地!
哦,大地醒来!
从那露珠沾湿的草地上升;
夜晚已消逝,
而黎明
从那困倦的人群中起身。
不要再转身离去
你为什么要转身离去
那星光闪闪照射的地面
那湿漉漉的海岸
都给予了你,直至晨曦。
Earth'sAnswer
Earthrais'dupherhead,
Fromthedarknessdread&drear.
Herlightfled:
Stonydread!
Andherlockscover'dwithgreydespair.
Prison'donwatryshore
Starryjealousydoeskeepmytent
Coldandhoar
Weepingo'er
IheartheFatheroftheancientmen
Selfishfatherofmen
Crueljealousselfishfear
Candelight
Chain'dinnight
Thevirginsofyouthandmorningbear.
Doesspringhideitsjoy
Whenbudsandblossomsgrow?
Doesthesower?
Sowbynight?
Ortheplowmanindarknessplow?
Breakthisheavychain,
Thatdoesfreezemybonesaround
Selfish!
vain!
Eternalbane!
ThatfreeLovewithbondagebound.
大地的回答
大地抬起她的头,
从那可怕又阴郁的黑暗中抬起,
她的光辉已遁去:
僵硬的恐惧!
她的鬈发被灰灰的绝望遮蔽。
监禁在湿漉漉的海岸
繁星的嫉妒将我的小窝保存
冷酷又灰白
哭泣着走来
我听见古老人类的父亲
残酷的嫉妒的自私的胆战心惊
能够使得
在夜里锁着的
青春的处女与晨星欢欣,
春天可曾掩饰它的欢乐
当花苞和花朵都在成长?
播种者呢?
可在夜里播种?
或者庄稼汉也在夜间耕种?
打开这沉重的锁链,
它把我的周身骨头冻僵
自私!
虚荣!
永久的灭亡!
将捆绑的爱情解放。
TheClod&thePebble
LoveseekethnotItselftoplease,
Norforitselfhathanycare;
Butforanothergivesitsease,
AndbuildsaHeaveninHellsdespair.
SosangalittleClodofClay,
Troddenwiththecattlesfeet:
ButaPebbleofthebrook,
Warbledoutthesemetresmeet.
LoveseekethonlySelftoplease,
TobindanothertoItsdelight:
Joysinanotherslossofease,
AndbuildsaHellinHeavensdespite.
泥块和小石子
爱情并不想讨它的欢欣,
对它自己也丝毫不挂心;
只是为了别人才舍弃安宁,
在地狱的绝望中建立一座天庭。
一块小泥巴就这样唱着,
它被牛羊群踩来踩去;
但是溪流里有一块小石子,
它用颤音唱出了合拍的诗句。
爱情只想讨它自己的欢欣,
随心所欲地去束缚别人:
他看到别人失去安宁就高兴,
建立一座地狱来对抗天庭。
HolyThursday
Isthisaholythingtosee,
Inarichandfruitfulland,
Babesreducedtomisery,
Fedwithcoldandusuroushand?
Isthattremblingcryasong?
Canitbeasongofjoy?
Andsomanychildrenpoor?
Itisalandofpoverty!
Andtheirsundoesnevershine.
Andtheirfieldsarebleak&bare.
Andtheirwaysarefill'dwiththorns.
Itiseternalwinterthere.
Forwhere-e'erthesundoesshine,
Andwhere-e'ertheraindoesfall:
Babecanneverhungerthere,
Norpovertythemindappall.
升天节
这难道是件神圣的事情,
在一个富饶的地方,
婴儿干瘦得十分凄惨,
竟让那冰冷的放债的手来喂养?
那颤抖的叫声可算是支歌?
它难道能是一曲欢快的歌唱?
还有那么多的穷苦孩子?
那原来是个穷瘠的地方!
他们的太阳永远不会发光。
他们的田野是光秃秃的一片荒原。
他们的道路荆棘丛生,
那里就是永无止境的冬天。
因为只要哪里有阳光照耀,
只要哪里会降下甘霖:
婴儿就不会在那里挨饿,
贫穷也不会威吓心灵。
TheLittleGirlLost
Infuturity
Ipropheticsee,
Thattheearthfromsleep,
(Gravethesentencedeep)
Shallariseandseek
Forhermakermeek:
Andthedesartwild
Becomeagardenmild.
Inthesouthernclime,
Wherethesummersprime,
Neverfadesaway;
LovelyLycalay.
Sevensummersold
LovelyLycatold,
Shehadwanderdlong,
Hearingwildbirdssong.
Sweetsleepcometome
Underneaththistree;
Dofather,motherweep.—
WherecanLycasleep.
Lostindesartwild
Isyourlittlechild.
HowcanLycasleep,
Ifhermotherweep.
Ifherheartdoesake,
ThenletLycawake;
Ifmymothersleep,
Lycashallnotweep.
Frowningfrowningnight,
O'erthisdesartbright,
Letthymoonarise,
WhileIclosemyeyes.
SleepingLycalay;
Whilethebeastsofprey,
Comefromcavernsdeep,
View'dthemaidasleep
Thekinglylionstood
Andthevirginview'd,
Thenhegamboldround
O'erthehallowdground;
小女孩的迷失
在未来的时日
我预先看到,宛如先知,
大地从睡眠中苏醒,
(把这句话牢牢记在心)
将起身去寻觅
她和善的上帝:
那一片荒凉的沙漠
将变成温暖的花园一座。
在南方的地区
那里盛夏的时光,
永远不会消逝;
可爱的丽嘉躺卧在那方。
七个夏天已度过,
可爱的丽嘉说,
她一直在游荡
听着那野鸟歌唱。
甜蜜的睡眠来找我吧
就在这棵树下;
爸爸妈妈会不会流泪——
“丽嘉能在哪儿安睡?
”
你们的小孩子
在荒凉的沙漠中迷失。
丽嘉怎么能安睡,
若是她妈妈在流泪。
若是妈妈在心疼,
那就让丽嘉仍清醒;
若是我的妈妈在安睡,
丽嘉也就不会流泪。
愁苦的愁苦的黑夜啊
笼罩着这明亮的荒野,
让你的月亮升起,
当我把我的眼睛禁闭。
当丽嘉躺卧着安眠
从深深的山洞里面
许多猛兽跑出来
观察着这熟睡的女孩。
狮王站在那里
观察着这个童女,
然后他来回跳跃嬉戏
在这块神圣的土地:
豹子
豹子、老虎也在玩耍,
就在她身边围绕;
这时那只年长的狮子
垂下他那一头金色的鬃毛,
便舔着她的胸膛,
他的眼睛灼灼有光,
流出红宝石般的眼泪,
滴落在她的颈项上;
这时母狮也来到身旁,
松开她纤细的衣裳,
它们把这熟睡的女孩
赤裸裸地搬到洞里来。
TheLittleGirlFound
Allthenightinwoe,
Lyca'sparentsgo:
Overvalliesdeep,
Whilethedesartsweep.
Tiredandwoe-begone,
Hoarsewithmakingmoan:
Arminarmsevendays,
Theytrac'dthedesartways.
Sevennightstheysleep,
Amongshadowsdeep:
Anddreamtheyseetheirchild
Starv'dindesartwild.
Palethro'pathlessways
Thefanciedimagestrays,
Famish'd,weeping,weak
Withhollowpiteousshriek
Risingfromunrest,
Thetremblingwomanprest,
Withfeetofwearywoe;
Shecouldnofurthergo.
Inhisarmshebore,
Herarm'dwithsorrowsore;
Tillbeforetheirway,
Acouchinglionlay.
Turningbackwasvain,
Soonhisheavymane,
Borethemtotheground;
Thenhestalk'daround,
Smellingtohisprey.
Buttheirfearsallay,
Whenhelickstheirhands;
Andsilentbythemstands.
Theylookuponhiseyes
Fill'dwithdeepsurprise:
Andwonderingbehold,
Aspiritarm'dingold.
Onhisheadacrown
Onhissh
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