新概念英语精品课堂4.docx
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新概念英语精品课堂4.docx
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新概念英语精品课堂4
Findingfossilman
1.Findingfossilman:
发现远古人类,而非发现化石人,课文翻译错误
find=discover
fossil=ancient,prehistoric
标题要简洁
表示激励:
使用spur,而不用encourage
表示禁止:
使用ban,而不用prohibit,forbid
表示竞争:
使用vie,而不用compete
表示提名:
使用name,而不用nominate
押首韵alliteration
PrideandPrejudice
PrinceandPauper
WorldWideWatch
ADeliciousDishADay
2.Can
情态动词、助动词、连词、介词等不重要的词通常轻读,也叫元音弱化。
正常发音;
弱化;
爆破.
Ican'tdothat.
Icandoit.
3.readof读到
介词“of”
readofsth.=readaboutsth.
谈到speak/talkofsth.
speak/talkaboutsth.
听说,听说过hear/learn/knowof
想到thinkofsth.
梦到dreamofsth.
[$i$]OfTruth[$/i$]《论真理》
4.thathappened5000yearsagointheNearEast
一般情况下,地点状语在前,时间状语在后。
e.g.Isawhimatapartyyesterday.
在状语复杂情况下,打乱其正常顺序,复杂状语放最后,避免头重脚轻。
定冠词“the”
TheMiddleEast
TheFarEast
TheOrient东方国家
TheOccident西方国家
oriental东方的
occidental西方的
orient:
verb使面向、使朝向
market-orientedeconomy市场经济
TheEnglishcourse---NewConceptEnglishbook4isorientedtowardsadvancedEnglishlearners.
5.Wherepeoplefirstlearntowrite
形式上是定语从句在句子中未必充当的是定语成分。
e.g.Ihavetobecarefulnottooffendthemanagerwhocouldgivemethesackatanytime.
我必须得特别当心,不要去冒犯我的经理,因为他随时可以把我解雇。
learn:
强调结果,表示学会了
study:
强调过程,表示去学习,去研究
6.thereare
thereseem/appeartobe似乎有……
thereusedtobe以前曾经有……
therehappentobe碰巧……
thereis/aregoingtobe即将有……
therebe+事物/东西做主语,无灵主语(impersonalsubject),书面语中多用。
e.g.在东方国家,有越来越多的人对英语感兴趣。
TherearemoreandmorepeopleintheOrientwhoareinterestedinEnglish.
ThereisgrowinginterestinEnglishintheOrient.
e.g.人们普遍同意,妇女应该享有和男人完全的平等。
Thereisgeneralagreementthatwomenshouldenjoyfullequalitywithmen.
7.part部分,本文表示地点
WhichpartofChinadoyoucomefrom?
...parts/areas/regionsoftheworld
...placesintheworld
part表示部分,用于单数名词时,前面不加a
e.g.ThereisonlyoneChina,TaiwanispartofChina.
Perfecthappinessismyth,miseryispartoflife.
8.cannotwrite
illiterate不会读写的,文盲的
...evennowpeoplearestillilliterate.
literate识字的
numerate识数的
innumerate不识数的
与某人/物/地区隔离开
becutofffrom...
beoutoftouchwith...
beisolatedfrom...
beseparatedfrom...
Theseregionsarecutofffrom/outoftouchwith/isolatedfrom/separatedfromthecivilizedworld.
e.g.
TherearesomepartsofChinawhereevennowpeoplecannotsatisfytheirhunger.
9.preserve保护,保存,强调使……处于良好的状态
preservehistoricalrecords
preservefood/one'seyesight
与“preserve”容易混淆的几个动词
conserve保护,保存,强调保存一定的数量
conservenaturalresources
conservewildlife
maintain维护或保养
maintainthecar
maintainthehouse
maintaintheroad
reserve保留或储备,强调以备将来之用
reserveone'senergy
allrightsreserved
Ireservetherighttodisagree.
reserveatablefor2
Theoldbuildingisinagoodstateof___exceptforthewoodenfloors.(CET6)
A)observationB)preservation
C)conservationD)compensation
10.Torecountit
句型:
做某事的唯一方式就是去做某事。
Theonlywaytodosth.istodosth...
Theonlywaythat...istodosth...
Theonlywaytoendourrelationshipistoenditforgood.
Theonlywaythatwecanendourrelationshipistoenditforgood.
Themosteffectivewaytostemviolenceistonegotiate.
Themosteffectivewaythatwecanstemviolenceistonegotiate.
11.handdown
hand/passsth.down从长辈传给晚辈
Theringwashandeddowntoherfromhergrandmother.
Therecipewashandeddownfromanancestorofthefamily.
hand-me-downs别人穿过的旧衣服
Ihadtowearmybrother'shand-me-downs.
fortune-teller算命的人
tellone'sfortune
teller银行的出纳员
ATM:
automated/automatictellermachine
12.writedown记录下来,写下来
同义:
notedown
Record
13.remoteancestors远祖
远亲adistantrelative
近亲aclose/nearrelative
14.people(pl.peoples)民族
TheChineseareanindustriouspeople/nation.
与“people”用法一样的词(本身就是复数名词,不用做单数):
cattle,police
governmentofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople民有、民治、民享的政府
Sparethatspider
1.Spareadj.多余的,备用的
sparetime业余时间
sparetyre备用轮胎
v.1.饶恕,
Sparemylife!
饶命!
=havemercy
2.省下来不用
Sparetherodandspoilthechild.
不打不成器。
Thegovernmentwillsparenoexpensetostemthebirdflufromspreading.
政府将会不惜一切代价去遏制禽流感的蔓延。
Chinawillsparenoefforttorealizepeacefulreunification.
中国将不遗余力地来实现和平统一大业。
2.“should”在疑问句中多表表示意外的,难以理解的语气,“怎么会”。
WhyshouldconservativesvoteforBush?
Youmaywonderwhyshouldspidersbeourfriends.
改变语序,youmaywonder变作插入语,突出句子重点
e.g.我们很多人都相信,经济的发展对中国来说是至关重要的。
Economicdevelopment,manyofusbelieve,isofparamountimportancetoChina.
3.设问句(rhetoricalquestion),提高读者兴趣
Why,youmaywonder,shouldsomeofusbecomeexpertsinbuildingandmaintainingpersonalrelationships?
4.destroy杀死
各种“死”
使动植物大量的死去:
killoff
Pollutionintheseahaskilledoffalotofmarinelife.
slay杀死(某人)
残忍的大量杀人:
slaughter
massacre
Thearmyslaughtered/massacredhundredsofunarmedcivilians.
NanjingMassacre
使死光,灭绝:
wipeput/exterminate
Whatwipedout/exterminateddinosaursfromtheearth?
terminate使结束,使终结
e.g.Illegalcontractsmustbeterminated.
5.用and分句,而不用定语从句,是为了强调分句的重要性。
Inlonelinesshelived,andinlonelinesshedied.
6.include包含,包括
includingprep.
inclusiveadj.
exclude排斥,排除在外
excludingprep.
exclusive排斥的,排外的
AnexclusiveGolfclub.会员制的高尔夫俱乐部。
7.humanrace人类
同义:
man(不可数),humanbeing(可数)(通俗)
mankind,humankind(文言)
humanity强调人道,人权
acrimeagainsthumanity
Homosapiens人类(表示现代人,人种)
8.与现在事实相反:
If+S.+did/were...,S.+would/should/could/might+do...
makeitimpossibleforsb.todo使某人做某事成为不可能
makeitpossibleforsb.todo=enablesb.todo使某人做某事成为可能
enablesb.todo使某人能够做……
disablesb.使某人残疾
thedisabled残疾人
thehandicapped
各种委婉说法
thephysicallychallenged残疾人
thementallychallenged智障的,弱智的人
theverticallychallenged呆小症患者
thehorizontallychallenged肥胖人
render使某人(物)……
e.g.
Hisinjuryrenderedhimunfitforwork.
Solar-powercouldbecomeaviableenergysourcerenderingfossilfuelsobsolete.
9.devour吞食,贪婪的吞吃
e.g.
Thewholeforestwasdevouredbyfire.
Ericwasdevouredbycuriosity.
Ericwasdevouredbyjealousy/sorrow.
10.flockaflockofsheep/pigeons表动物的群:
羊群或鸟群
herdaherdofcattle/deer/elephants表大型动物的种群
drovea~ofhorses/cattle/sheep表正驱赶途中的种群
packa~ofwolves/tigers/lions表猛兽的群落
pridea~oflions只能表示狮子
swarma~offlies/bees表空中飞的昆虫
colonya~ofants/termites表地上爬的昆虫
school/shoala~offish水里游的
11.Ifitwerenotfor...要是没有……的话
e.g.Ifitwerenotforyoursupport,Iwouldbeinbigtroublenow.
Wereitnotforyoursupport,Iwouldbeinbigtroublenow.
butfor.../exceptfor...
except(that).../but(that)...
Butfor/Exceptforyoursupport,Iwouldbeinbigtroublenow.
[$u$]D[$/u$]theflood,theshipwouldhavereacheditsdestinationontime.
A)Incaseof
B)Inspiteof
C)Becauseof
D)Butfor
Hemighthavebeenkilled[$u$]A&B[$/u$]thearrivalofthepolice.
A)exceptfor
B)butfor
C)with
D)for
IwouldbuyaMercedesexcept/but(that)I[$u$]am[$/u$]poor.
12.if
圆周句(掉尾句),突出句末重点
主句放在前面制造悬念,突出句尾
AlthoughTchaikovskyhimselfthoughtofthePatheticSymphonyashiscrowningmasterpiece,thepremiereonOctober28th1893inSt.Petersburgprovedadisappointment.
雄狮型句子
普通句子:
孔雀型句子
ComputerviruseswouldmakeitimpossibleforustosurftheInternetsafely;theywoulddestroyallthedatainthecomputerandstealourpersonalinformation,ifitwerenotfortheprotectionwegetfromtheanti-virussoftware.
13.insect-eating
复合形容词,相当于定语从句的作用
insect-eatinganimals
animalswhicheatinsects
law-abidingcitizens守法公民
citizenswhoabidebythelaw
hand-madesilverware
silverwarewhichismadebyhands
stress-relateddiseases
diseaseswhicharerelatedtostress
14.owesb.sth.=owesth.tosb.欠……
Youoweme$2,000.=Youown$2,000tome.
HowmuchdoIoweyou?
IOU欠条
感激感谢
1.owev.
Ioweyouabigfavor.
2.appreciatev.
appreciative
Iappreciateyourhelp.
Iamappreciativeofyourhelp.
Iappreciateit.
Iamappreciativeofit.
3.bethankful/gratefultosb.forsth.
4.beobliged/indebtedtosb.
5.acknowledge(鸣谢,公开声明感谢某人)
acknowledgesb./sth.
acknowledgement
acknowledgements鸣谢
6.credit
credits鸣谢
oweAtoB把“A”归因于“B”
Iowemysuccesstogoodluck.
oweAtoB
同义:
putAdowntoB
attributeAtoB
assignAtoB
ascribeAtoB
creditAtoB
15.飞禽走兽birdsandbeasts/furandfeather
押首韵
借代
fin,furandfeather各种各样的动物
Abaldslippedoutofthehouse.
Hehasbeenmessingaroundwithseveralskirtsofhisclass.
Thecrownshouldnotyieldtothecross.
16.过去分词短语做后置定语,修饰前面的成分
puttogether...=(whichare)puttogether...
17.fraction:
asmallamountofsomething
Hissharesarenowworthafractionoftheirformervalue.
proportion
Onlyasmallproportionofgraduatesfailtofindemployment.
percentage
Ahighpercentageofthepopulationowncars.
AllofusputtogetherearnonlyafractionofthemoneymadebyBillGates.
18.Moreover
同义:
besides,furthermore,what'smore,inaddition,additionally
19.dogoodto
neverdotheleastharmto...
donoharmto...
Ihavenoideawhattodonext.
Idon'thavethefoggiestideawhattodonext.
Ihavenointerestinboxing.
Idon'thavetheslightestinterestinboxing.
Allofusareinfluencedby...
Noonecanavoidbeinginfluencedby...
Allofusadmitthat...
Noneofuscandenythat...
Allofusareattractedby...
Noneofuscanresist...
20.beharmlessto...
beinnocuousto...
friendly
environment-friendly环保的
ozone-friendly对臭氧层无害的
21.如果as引导的非限制性定语从句,它位于否定意义的主句之前,那么as修饰的是整个主句,包括否定的内容;
As所引导的非限制性定语从句可以且唯一可以放在主句之前的定语从句,如放在主句之前,它包括整个句子内容,甚至包括否定内容。
Ashasbeensaidabove,grammarisnotasetofdeadrules.
As引导的非限制性定语从句位于主句之中或之后,它指代的内容一定不包括否定词“not”。
Shedidnotopenthebox,asherfriendsfeared.
Shedidnot,asherfriendsfeared,openthebox.
她并没有像她的朋友担心地那样打开了盒子。
22.nor也不……
Cubacannotbecon
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