高级英语课后习题答案.docx
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高级英语课后习题答案.docx
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高级英语课后习题答案
TheAgeofMiracleChips
Newmicrotechnologywilltransformsociety
I.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions,usingyourownwordsasmuchaspossible:
1)Whatdoesamiraclechiplooklike?
Whatisitmadeof?
2)Whatwasthecomputerof25yearsagolike?
Whatisthemiraclechipoftodaylike?
3)DescribeadayofMr.Aandhiswife.
4)Howwillahouseholdcomputerwork?
5)Howwillahospitalcomputerwork?
6)Howwillthetinycomputershelpmotoristsofthefuture?
7)Whatrolewillcomputersplayineducation?
8)Whatisthesignificanceofthecomputerrevolution?
Ⅱ.Paraphrase:
1)Themicroelectronicrevolutionpromisestoease,enhanceandsimplifylifeinwaysundreamedofevenbytheutopians.
2)Thecustom-madeobject,nowrestrictedtotherich,willbewithineveryone’sreach.
3)Thecomputermightappeartobeadehumanizingfactor,buttheoppositeisinfacttrue.
4)InnoareaofAmericanlifeispersonalservicesopreciousasinmedicalcare.
5)Thewidestbenefitsoftheelectronicrevolutionwillaccruetotheyoung.
6)Forthemightyarmyofconsumers,theultimateapplicationsofthecomputerrevolutionarestillaroundthebendofasiliconcircuit.
Ⅲ.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:
1)JustastheIndustrialRevolutiontookoveranimmenserangeoftasksfrommen’smusclesandenormouslyexpandedproductivity,sothemicrocomputerisrapidlyassuminghugeburdensofdrudgeryfromthehumanbrainandtherebyexpandingthemind’scapacitiesinwaysthatmanhasonlybeguntograsp.
2)Suchpainless,productiveawakeningswillintimebeafamiliarthing.And,barringheadaches,tummyachesandheartaches,theAmericandayshouldproceedassmoothlyasitbegins.
3)Publiceducation,sooftenadrearyandcapriciousprocessintheU.S.,maybeinvestedwiththeinspiritingqualityofanOxfordtutorial–frompreschoolon.
4)CertainlythemiraclechipwillaffectAmericanlifeinwaysbothbenignandproductive.Thecomputerrevolutionisstimulatingintellects,liberatinglimbsandpropellingmankindtoahigherorderofexistence.
Ⅳ.Lookupthefollowingwordsinthedictionaryandputthemin-toChinese.Notethedifferentmeaningsoftheprefix‘micro-’.
1)microbiology 2)microcircuit
3)microfilm 4)micrograph
5)microgroove 6)microphotograph
7)microreader 8)microsecond
9)microminiaturize 10)microwave
V.Addeithertheprefix‘mini-’or‘super-’tothefollowingwordsandputthemintoChinese:
1)radar 2)powers
3)skirt 4)pants
5)fine 6)bus
7)highfrequency 8)highway
9)human 10)camera
Ⅵ.Propernamesandtradenamesaresometimesusedascommonnouns.Pointoutwhattheitalicizedwordsstandfor.
1)FordCo.nowoffersbuyersofitsContinentalMarkVsanoptioncalled"milestoempty".
2)DriversofGeneralMotors’1978CadillacSevillearealsoabletopunchabuttonandfindoutthemilesyettogotoapresetdestinationandtheestimatedarrivaltime.
3)ShedroveinherFiattothetheatre.
4)Hepreferszhonghuatodaqianmen.
5)OurSonyworksverywell.
6)Wouldyoucareforacupoflongjing?
7)ARolexismoreexpensivethananOmega.
8)ThosephotosweretakenwithaKodak.
9)ABoeing767flewustoShanghai.
10)HeputonhisMaeWest.
Ⅶ.Pickoutfromthetextallthetermsconnectedwiththecomputer.
Ⅷ.Thefollowingwordsandexpressionsarefromthetext.Foreachofthemgiveanotherwordorexpressionofsimilarmean-ingalsofoundinthistext:
Mode:
mail--letters
1)tookover 2)immense
3)animmenserangeoftasks 4)performed
5)eventually 6)astonishing
7)commandeer 8)hitabutton
9)sauntered 10)tocompute
Ⅸ.Choosetherightwordsfromthelistgivenbelowtocompletethefollowingsentences.Makechangeswherenecessary.
Apparatus appliances applications computerize
vacuumtubes siliconchips program capabilities
information calculations computers automakers
read-out microcomputer-controlled
1)Pressthebutton,andyou’llgeta_____onthescreen.
2)Inthisfactory,manydeviceswill_____verysoon.
3)_____usecomputerstoviewaprospectivenewcarfromanyangle.
4Thislanguagelabisequippedwithnew_____importedfromJapan.
5)Itissaidthatthemiraclechipscanprogrampracticallyallthehousehold.
6)Inmanyindustries,______designtheproductsthecompaniessell.
7)Fourgenerationsofcomputerevolution--____transistors,simpleintegratedcircuitsandtoday’schips–followedoneanotherinrapidsuccession.
8)The______ofcomputersareincreasingatafantasticrate.
9)Themostexciting____ofthemiraclechipsareyettocome.
10)ManyfirmsinCaliforniaareinvolvedinmanufacturing_____relatedsemiconductordevicesandproducts.
11)Aprogramisasequenceofinstructionspreparedforthecomputerfor_____
12)Accuracyisoneoftheadvantagesofthecomputers--providedtheyaregivenaccurate_____tostartwith.
13)Feda____thatwasmistaken,amilitarycomputermightsendoffmissilesinthewrongdirectionorfirethematthewrongtime.
Ⅹ.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish(usingthefollowingwordsorexpressions:
toperform,tobecapableof,capability,rundown,tomass-produce,tobewithinthereach,topredict,toestimate,toprogram,toaffect,toevolve,tube,tobeassociatedwith,tobeconvenientto):
1)现代化的电子计算机除了数据处理以外,还有作出决定和选择的能力。
2)这个装置能够在一、两秒钟之内把信息发到另一个半球去。
3)这种新产品正在成批地生产。
4)学生们正在收集与微型技术有关的材料。
5)你认为农业机械化会对我国农民的生活产生什么影响?
6)请你给我简要地总结一下上周的新闻。
7)采用电子计算机才使得他们有可能快速地高效地完成任务。
8)再过若干年,普通的家庭都可以买得起电视机了。
9)计算工具早在很久以前就存在了,而现代的电子计算机就是从过去的计算工具逐渐发展而来的。
10)尽管这些神奇的计程线路片有数不清的性能,但还需要由人为它们编制程序。
11)据估计,到今年年底,全世界将有十二万个机器人在各个岗位上为人类服务。
12)这种仪器便于携带,因此对勘探人员很方便。
13)我看你的电视机需要修理一下,显像管似乎有点毛病。
Ⅺ.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese:
Theelectroniccomputerscontainfivebasicsections:
Input.Thissectiontranslatesinformationfromavarietyofdevicesintoacodethatthecomputerunderstands.Inearlycomputers,theuseofpunchedcardsprovidedtheinput.Todaysuchcards,aswellaspunchedtape,arestillused.Buttheyhavebeensupplementedbyothermethods,includingmagnetictapes,discsanddrums.
Memory.Itstoresinformationuntilitisneededbyotherpartsofthemachine.Themostpopularmemoryinmoderncomputershasbeenthemagneticcorevariety.Thecorememoriesarenowbeingreplacedbysemiconductormemoriesonchips.
Arithmeticandlogic.Tohandle,directandprocessthefloodofinformation,thecomputerreliesonthisunit.Itisherethatthecomputerdoesitsnumbercrunchinganddatamanipulation.
Control.Thisisthecomputer’strafficcop.Itgetsinstructionsstoredinthememorysectionandinterpretsthem;itregulatesthememoryandarithmetic-logicsectionsandtheflowofinformationbetweenthem,andordersprocesseddatatomovefromthememorytotheoutputsection.
Output.Processeddataaretranslatedbythissectionintoelectricalimpulsesthatcancontrolanalmostendlessvarietyofdevices.Thustheoutputmaytaketheformofwordsornumbers"read-out"onhigh-speedprintersorglowingcathode-raytubes.
Ⅻ.Topicsfororalwork:
1)Isthecomputerahumanizingordehumanizingfactor?
2)Theauthortriestomakehissciencewritinginterestingandpopular.Whataresomeofthemethodsheemploysachievethis?
ⅩⅢ.Writeashortcompositiononthefollowingtopic:
Therolethecomputerswillplayinourfourmodernizations.
习题全解
I.
1)ItlookslikeastylizedNavahorugortheaerialviewofarailroadswitchingyard.Itismademostlyofsilicon.
2)Thecomputerof25yearsagowasaslargeasaroom.Themiraclechipoftodayissmall,cheap,easytomassproduce,fast,infinitelyversatileandconvenient.
3)At7:
30a.m.,whenthealarm:
lockburrs,thebedroomcurtainsswingsilentlyapart,thevenetianblindssnapupandthethermostatbooststheheattoacozy70~.Thepercolatorinthekitchenstartsburbling;thebackdooropenstoletoutthedog.TheTVsetblinksonwiththeday’sfirstnewscast.AfterthenewsonTVcomesthemorningmail,fromcorrespondentswhohavedictatedtheirmessagesintothecomputernetwork.Mr.A.,stillinbed,thenpressesabuttononabedsideboxandissuesastringofbusinessandpersonalmemos,whichappearinstantlyonthegeniescreen.Afterhisshower,whichhasturneditselfonatexactlytherighttemperatureattherightminute,Mr.A.isalertedbyabuzzerandabluelightonthescreen.Hisbossisonhiswaytotheoffice.Mr.A.dressesandgoesouttothecar,theengineofwhichisrunning."
Afterherhusbandhaskissedhergoodbye,Mrs.A.usesthecomputertodoshoppingfortonight’sdinnerparty.Thensheordersfromthememorybankherfavoriterecipes,tellsthemachinetocomputetheingredientsforsixservings,anddirectstheovenstoreachthecorrecttemperatureforeachdishaccordingtotherecipe,startingat7:
15p.m.Shethenjoinsateleviseddiscussionofart.LatershewandersintothecomputerroomwhereshehasjustlearnedfromhisheadsetthathisdrillinLatinverbconjugationwasverygood.
4)Homeinformationmanagementsystemswilltakeovermemopads,notebooks,files,billsandthekitchenbulletinboard.AndhousewiveswillbeabletodotheirshoppingbycomputerTV.
5)Hospitalcomputerswilltaketheplaceofdoctorstotalktopatientsandtheyareprogrammednotonlytoremindthepharmacydepartmenttoprepareprescriptionsbutalsotoalertnursestogivetheproperdosageattherighttime.
6)Inadditiontothemicroprocessorsunderthehoodthatwi
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