皖湘学年高中英语 Unit 3 Science versus nature.docx
- 文档编号:3418449
- 上传时间:2022-11-22
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:12
- 大小:75.95KB
皖湘学年高中英语 Unit 3 Science versus nature.docx
《皖湘学年高中英语 Unit 3 Science versus nature.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《皖湘学年高中英语 Unit 3 Science versus nature.docx(12页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
皖湘学年高中英语Unit3Scienceversusnature
Unit3Scienceversusnature
Thehealthproblemsaboutclonedanimals,particularlythosewhoappearhealthybuthavehiddenillnessesorproblemsthatappearunexpectedlylaterinlife,havethepotentialtocauserealriskstothesafetyofthefoodproductsfromthoseanimals.IanWilmut,aleadscientistinvolvedinthecreationofDolly,thefirstclonedanimal,haswarnedthatevensmallimbalancesinaclone’shormone,protein,orfatlevelscouldbringitsmilkormeatintodanger.
Aspartofitsriskassessmentonanimalcloning,theFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)concludedthatmilkandmeatfromclonedanimalsandtheiroffspring(后代)wereassafetoeatasproductsfromconventionalanimals.TheFDAfurtherannouncedthatitwouldnotrequirefoodproductsfromclonedanimalsortheiroffspringtobelabeledassuch.
ConsumerwatchdoggroupspointedoutthattheFDA’sanalysiswasbasedonlimiteddatasuppliedmainlyfromthecloningcompaniesthemselves.Inaddition,whilefoodsafetyisanobviousconcernofconsumers,itisnottheonlyissuethatmakespeopleuncomfortablewithanimalcloning.Forexample,surveysindicatethat63percentofconsumerswouldnotbuyfoodfromclonedanimalsevenifitwaslabeledas“safe”.Concernsaboutthemoralityofcloning,aswellasconcernsforanimalwelfare,leadabigmajorityofpeopletoopposecloninganimalsforfood.However,theseissueswerenotconsideredbytheFDA.Withoutlabelstoidentifyclonedfoods,consumerswhoopposeanimalcloningwouldbeforcedtomakepurchasesagainsttheirprincipleswithoutknowing.Consumershavetherighttoknowhowtheirfoodisproducedsotheycanmakeinformeddecisionsaboutwhattheybuyandwhattheyfeedtheirfamilies.
根据上文判断正(T)误(F)
1.IanWilmut’sattitudetowardsfoodproductsfromclonedanimalsiscautious.( T )
2.Fromthelastparagraphwecanlearnthatmostconsumersdidn’tbelievewhattheFDAsaid.
( T )
3.Themainideaofthetextisaboutconcernsforanimalwelfare.( F )
PeriodOne Welcometotheunit&Reading—Prereading
匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思
[第一组]
1.clone A.vt.收养,领养;采用,采纳
2.exactB.n.意图,目的;企图
3.intentionC.vt.克隆;n.克隆出来的动物或植物
4.anxietyD.n.忧虑,焦虑,不安
5.adoptE.adj.精确的,准确的
答案 1.C 2.E 3.B 4.D 5.A
[第二组]
6.legalA.n.胚胎
7.embryoB.n.(生物的)组织;纸巾
8.tissueC.n.怪物
9.monsterD.adj.法律许可的,合法的
10.fellowE.n.男子,家伙;同事,同类
答案 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.E
[第三组]
11.crimeA.vt.&vi.收割(庄稼);n.收获;收成
12.conceptB.vt.使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向);使改变形态
13.transformC.n.结果,后果
14.harvestD.n.概念;观念
15.consequenceE.n.罪,罪行
答案 11.E 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.C
[第四组]
16.physicianA.n.女售货员,女推销员
17.reallifeB.n.细胞;小隔间;电池
18.cellC.n.山羊
19.saleswomanD.adj.真实的,现实生活中的
20.goatE.n.医师;内科医生
答案 16.E 17.D 18.B 19.A 20.C
1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.Itisaboutthedebatewhetherweshouldclonehumanbeingsamongpeople.
B.Cloningisproducinganexactcopyofaplantorananimalusingitscells.
C.IanWilmutisshockedthatsomescientistsarenowconsideringcloninghumanbeings.
D.OppositeopinionsofPaulineCarterandColinJakeonthe“Theperfectcopy”.
答案 A
2.Judgethefollowingstatementstrue(T)orfalse(F).
(1)Somescientistspointoutthatifyoucloneanembryo,youcanproducevaluablehumantissues.
( T )
(2)Cloningcanproduceananimalwithoutusingitscells.( F )
(3)ThescientistwhocreatedDollyhasalreadycreatedacopyofhuman.( F )
(4)Cloningcanhelpthosewhoareunabletohavechildren.( T )
(5)Cloninghascreatedmorediseasesinthehumanworld.( F )
1.Whenandwherewastheworld’sfirstmammalDollycloned?
A.OnChristmasDay2001inJapan.
B.In1996inScotland.
C.Inearly2003inScotland.
D.In1996inItaly.
答案 B
2.WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbeinferredfromthetext?
A.FayeWilsoncannotgivebirthtoababy.
B.Cloninghumanbeingsisillegalandimmoralinmanycountries.
C.Inthefuturemoreandmorediseaseslikecancerwillbecured.
D.ThefirstclonedhumanbeingwillbecreatedbySeverinoAntinori.
答案 D
3.PaulineCarterdisagreeswithhumancloning,becauseshethinksthat.
A.humancloningistotallyimmoral
B.itisdifficulttopredictthefutureifhumanbeingsarecloned
C.humanbeingswilluseuptheEarth’sresources
D.alloftheabove
答案 D
4.WhoelsedisagreeswithhumancloningexceptPaulineCarter?
A.ColinJake.
B.SeverinoAntinori.
C.IanWilmut.
D.FayeWilson.
答案 C
Afterreadingthepassage,pleasefillinthefollowingblanks.
WithDolly1.cloned(clone)successfullyfromanadultcell,someotheranimalsalready2.havebeencreated(create).Somescientistsevenhave3.theintentiontoclonehumansandtheyarepushingaheadwithresearchnow,4.although/thoughitisnotlegalinmanycountries.Chinahassucceededin5.producing(produce)clonesofcowsandgoats.
Just6.asthesayinggoes,“Everycoinhastwosides.”Ontheonehand,cloningcanproducevaluablehumantissuesandorgans7.tobeused(use)inmedicaltreatment.Ontheotherhand,humancloningcausesmuch8.anxiety(anxious).Somepeoplesayifwetoy9.withnature,wewillhavetodealwiththe10.consequences(consequence).
1.IanWilmut,theScottishscientistwhocreatedDolly,isshockedthatsomescientistsarenowconsideringcloninghumanbeings.
[句式分析]
IanWilmut,theScottishscientistwhocreatedDolly,
主语 主语同位语 定语从句
isshockedthatsomescientistsarenowconsideringcloninghumanbeings.
谓语 宾语从句
[自主翻译] 克隆出多利的苏格兰科学家伊恩·威尔莫特对于有些科学家现在正在考虑克隆人类感到非常震惊。
2.Eventhoughhumancloningiscausingalotofanxiety,itisgoodnewsforFayeWilson,a41yearoldsaleswomanwhocannothaveababy.
[句式分析]
Eventhoughhumancloningiscausingalotofanxiety,
让步状语从句
itisgoodnewsforFayeWilson,a41yearoldsaleswoman
句子主干 同位语
whocannothaveababy.
定语从句
[自主翻译] 尽管克隆人类正在引起很多担忧,但是这对于不能生育的41岁的女售货员费伊·威尔逊来说却是个好消息。
3.Ifeelsorryfortheladywhocannothaveababy,butIwouldliketopointoutthattherearemanychildrenintheworldwithnoparentswhowouldbedelightedtohaveamother.
[句式分析]
[自主翻译] 我为那位不能生育的女士感到难过,但是我要指出的是世界上有许多没有父母的孩子,如果能有一位妈妈,他们一定会非常高兴的。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Plantcloninghasbeenanagriculturaltechniqueusedbyfarmersandgardenersforcenturies.Grafting(嫁接)isacommonformofplantcloning.Manyplantsinnatureactuallyclonethemselvesandreproduceasexually.
Clonedplantsaremuchmorepredictablethannormalplants,sotheiryield(产量)ismorereliable.Clonedplantsalsoreproducefaster,limitingtheamountoftimebetweenplantingandharvesting.Itisalsooftencheapertoproduceseedsthroughcloningthanthroughtraditionalmethods.Plantscanessentiallybeoptimizedsothatfarmersorindividualgrowersalwayshavethebestseedsavailable.Withmoreyieldatafasterrate,farmscanproducemorefoodformorepeoplewhiledecreasingoverallcosts.
Cloningcanbeusedtowipeoutdiseasesthatpreviouslykilledoffentirefieldsofcrops.Thiswouldmakeplantsimmune(免疫的)tothekindsofdiseasesthatfarmersandgardenersaroundtheworldfeareachyear.Cropfailuresduetodiseaseandviruscouldbecomeathingofthepast.Also,plantsthatarenearextinctioncanbebroughtbacktolifethroughcloning.
Throughcloningscientistscandevelop“super”fruitsandvegetablesofsuperiornutritionalquality.Thiscouldmakeforahealthierpopulationoverall.Thisisalreadybeingdonethroughselectivepollination(授粉),andgeneticcloningcouldtakeittothenextlevel.
Byplantcloningwehaveapopulationofidenticalplantsandalltheseplantsequallysufferfromthesamediseases,butinnaturetheweakwoulddieandthestrongwouldsurvive.Whiletherearesomedangerstoconsiderwithplantcloning,thereareplentyofbenefitsthatcouldprovevitaltothepropagation(繁衍)ofthehumanspecies.
语篇解读 本文主要讲了克隆植物的好处:
增加农作物产量、提高植物的免疫力、提高水果和蔬菜的质量等。
1.Theunderlinedword“optimized”inParagraph2canbereplacedby“”.
A.enlargedB.produced
C.perfectedD.examined
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。
根据第二段中该词后面的“farmersorindividualgrowersalwayshavethebestseedsavailable”可知,个体种植者可以有最好的种子使用,故猜测该词义为“使最优化”。
2.Accordingtothetext,clonedplants.
A.haveloweryieldthannormalplants
B.haveashortgrowthcycle
C.resistvariouskindsofdiseases
D.needlittlecarefrompeople
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。
根据第二段第二句可知,克隆植物繁殖快,从种植到收获的间隔时间短,也就是生长周期短。
3.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?
A.Thefruitsproducedbyclonedplantstastemuchbetter.
B.Therearemoreclonedplantsthannormalplants.
C.Plantcloningcandisturbthelawsofnature.
D.Peopleshouldavoideatingclonedfruits.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。
根据最后一段可知,克隆植物会造出完全一样的植物,它们也可能会患上同样的疾病。
这与自然界中适者生存的法则是相反的,所以说克隆植物可能会扰乱自然法则。
4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?
A.Towarnthenegativeeffectsofplantcloning.
B.Topresentdifferentkindsofplantcloning.
C.Topredictthefutureofplantcloning.
D.Toinformusabouttheadvantagesofplantcloning.
答案 D
解析 写作意图题。
根据各段的段首句可知,本文主要讲了克隆植物的好处:
增加农作物的产量、提高植物的免疫力、提高水果和蔬菜的质量和利于人类的繁衍等。
B
Thefuturehomeissomethingthatpeoplehavetalkedaboutfordecades.Becausethefuturehomeideainspiresourimagination,scientistsandengineershavebeenworkinghardtodevelopdifferentsystemstomakehouses“smarter”.
Thevideocameraattheentrancerecognizesvisitorsusingfacialrecognitionsoftware.Thefacialrecognitionsoftwareofthefuturehomewillnotonlyrecognizefriends,butstrangersaswell.Andthesoftwareinyourfuturehomewillrunthestrangers’facesagainstadatabaseofcriminals.
Thefuturehomewillalsohavesmartappliances(家电)aswell.Therewillbeavastnetworkingsystemconnectingthem.Ovens,microwavesandrefrigeratorswillbecontrolledautomatically(自动地),soremotecookingwillbeapossibilityandmealsarepreparedforyourarrival.
Therewillalsobegreensystemsinplacesuchassavingandreusingwashwaterandbat
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 皖湘学年高中英语 Unit Science versus nature 学年 高中英语