高中英语综合卷二.docx
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高中英语综合卷二.docx
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高中英语综合卷二
新平台教育高中英语猜题卷
使用地区:
考听力,海南、宁夏、黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、新疆、内蒙古、青海、广西、西藏、
出题人:
付秋洋、吴跃审题人:
谷跃、王明星
不考听力,云南、贵州、甘肃
本考试卷第I卷两部分。
满分150分,考试时间120分钟
第I卷
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
略
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(ABCD)中,选出最佳答案
A
EuropeansshouldtrytostayindoorsifashfromIceland'svolcanostartssettling,theWorldHealthOrganizationwarnedFridayassmallamountsfellinIceland,ScotlandandNorway.
WHOspokesmanDanielEpsteinsaidthemicroscopic(微小的)ashispotentiallydangerousforpeoplewhenitstartstoreachtheEarthbecauseinhaled(吸入)particlescanenterthelungsandcauserespiratoryproblems.AndhealsosaidEuropeanswhogooutsidemightwanttoconsiderwearingamask.
Otherexperts,however,weren'tconvincedthevolcanicashwouldhaveamajoreffectonpeoples'healthandsaidWHO'swarningswere"hysterical."Theysaidvolcanicashwasmuchlessdangerousthancigarettesmokeorpollution.Volcanicashismadeoffineparticlesoffragmentedvolcanicrock.Itislightgraytoblackandcanbeasfineastalcumpowder.Duringavolcaniceruption,theashcanbebreatheddeepintothelungsandcauseirritationeveninhealthypeople.Butonceitfallsfromagreaterdistance—likefromthecloudcurrentlyhoveringaboveEurope—itshealtheffectsareoftenminimal,expertssay.
"Notallparticlesarecreatedequal,"saidKenDonaldson,aprofessorofrespiratorytoxicologyattheUniversityofEdinburgh,"Inthegreatschemeofthings,volcanicashisnotallthatharmful."AndhesaidmostEuropeans'exposuretovolcanicashwouldbenegligibleandthatonlythoseintheneardistrictsoftheIcelandicvolcanowouldlikelybeatrisk.
Dr.StephenSpiro,aprofessorofrespiratorymedicineanddeputychairoftheBritishLungFoundation,saidthefurthertheparticlestravel,thelessdangeroustheywillbe."ThecloudhasalreadypassedovernorthernScotlandandwehaven'theardofanyilleffectsthere,"hesaid.Spirosaidtowearmasksorstayindoorstoavoidvolcanicashwas"overthetop"and"abithysterical."
1.Thetextismainlyabout.________
A.theeffectofvolcanicashB.thehealthriskofvolcanicash
C.thedisadvantagesofvolcanicashD.theopinionsonhealthriskofvolcanicash
2.WhichoneistrueaccordingtoParagraph3?
________
A.Thevolcanicash’seffectsonEuropeanswerelittle.
B.Theashcausedirritationeveninhealthypeople.
C.OtherexpertsthoughtWTO’Swarningswereuseful.
D.Thevolcanicashwasmoredangerousthancigarettesmokeorpollution.
3.Theunderlinedword“hysterical”inParagraph4mostprobablymeans.________
A.amazingB.practicalC.valuableD.overstated
4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
________
A.Thevolcanicashwouldn’tbeharmfultopeople.
B.Allexpertsthoughtthevolcanicashdidgreatharmtoourhealth.
C.Peopleclosetothevolcanowouldlikelybeatriskaccordingtosomeexperts.
D.EuropeansshouldstayindoorsbecauseIceland'svolcanostartssettling.
B
Ourbrainsworkincomplexandstrangeways.Therearesomepeoplewhocancalculatethedayoftheweekforanygivendatein40,000years,butwhocannotaddtwoplustwo.Otherscanperformcomplexclassicalpianopiecesafterhearingthemonce,buttheycannotreadorwrite.
Dr.J.LangdonDownfirstdescribedthisconditionin1887.Hecalledthesepeopleidiotsavants.Anidiotsavantisapersonwhohassignificantmentalimpairment(损伤),suchasinautism(孤独症,自闭症)orretardation.Atthesametime,thepersonalsoexhibitssomeextraordinaryskills,whichareunusualformostpeople.Theskillsofthesavantmayvaryfrombeingexceptionallygiftedinmusicorinmathematics,orhavingaphotographicmemory.
Oneofthefirstdescriptionsofahumanwhocouldcalculatequicklywaswrittenin1789byDr.BenjaminRush,anAmericandoctor.Hispatient,ThomasFuller,wasbroughttoVirginiaasaslavein1724.IttookThomasonly90secondstoworkoutthatamanwhohaslived70years,17days,and12hourshaslived2,210,500,800seconds.Despitethisability,hediedin1790withouteverlearningtoreadorwrite.
Anotheridiotsavantslavebecamefamousasapianistinthe1860s.BlindTomhadavocabularyofonly100words,butheplayed5,000musicalpiecesbeautifully.
IntheexcellentmovieRainMan,madein1988andavailableonvideocassette,DustinHoffmanplaysanidiotsavantwhoamazeshisbrotherplayedbyTomCruise,withhisabilitytoperformcomplexcalculationsveryrapidly.
Todaywemoreclearlyrecognizethattheidiotsavantisspecialbecauseofbrainimpairment.Yetnotallbrainimpairmentleadstosavantskills.Somestudieshaveshownthatpeoplewhohavepurposefulinterruptionoftheleftsideofthebraincandevelopidiotsavantskills.Howeverfewpeoplewishtoparticipateinsuchexperiments.Therearemanyexcellentreasonsfornotundergoingunnecessaryexperimentationonone'sbrain.Thetermidiotsavantisoutdatedandinappropriate.Virtuallyallsavantshaveahighdegreeofintelligenceandarethusnotidiots.
5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?
________
A.Idiotsavantshaveareasofoutstandingabilities.
B.HumanBeingshavecomplicatedthinkingprocess.
C.Thebrainsoftheidiotsavantsarepartlyimpaired.
D.Thereasonswhypeoplehavewonderfulskillsvary.
6.WhichofthefollowingcanbedonebyRainMan?
________
A.Hecanplaywonderfulpiecesofclassicalmusic.
B.Hecanguessoutexactlythelengthofaman'slife.
C.Hecanmemorizethecontentsofthepicturesfast.
D.Hecancountmatchesdroppedonthefloorquickly.
7.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?
________
A.Idiotsavantshaverealtalentsforartandmath.
B.Dr.Downisthefirstpersonwhofoundidiotsavants.
C.Fewpeoplewishtoriskbecomingsavantsbybrainoperations.
D.Intentionalleftbrainimpairmentswillsurelyleadtoidiotsavants.
C
Haveyoueverwonderedwhyyousometimestakeanalmostimmediatelikingtoapersonyouhavejustmet?
Weoftengetthefirstimpressionofapeoplebasedonthecolorofaperson’sskinorthemannerinwhichheorshedressed.Meaningisconveyednotonlybywordsorverballanguagesbutalsobynonverbalcommunicationsystems,suchasbodybehaviors.
Nonverbalcommunicationisimportantbecauseweusetheactionsofotherstolearnabouttheiraffectiveemotionalstates.Ouremotionsarereflectedinourposture,face,andeyes—beitfear,joy,anger,orsadness—sowecanexpressthemwithouteversayingaword.Forthisreason,mostofusrelyheavilyonwhatwelearnthroughoureyes.
Nonverbalcommunicationissignificantinhumaninteractionbecauseitisusuallyresponsibleforthefirstimpressions.Moreimportantly,thosefirstmessagesusuallyinfluencetheperception(感知)ofeverythingelsethatfollows.Evenhowweselectfriendsandsexualpartnersisgroundedinfirstimpressionswithnonverbalcommunication.
Nonverbalcommunicationisimportantbecauseitisculture-related.Itisbasedondifferentbeliefs,religions,valuesandcustomsindifferentcultures.When,where,how,andtowhompeopledisplayhisorherspecificnonverbalbehaviorsisgreatlyaffectedbycultureandcontext.Culturedetermineswhattheappropriatenonverbalbehavioris.Forexample,feelingsoffriendshipexisteverywherebuttheirexpressionvaries.Itmaybeappropriateinsomecountriesformantoembraceeachotherandforwomentoholdhands;inothercountriesthesedisplaysofaffectionmaybeshocking.Eachculturehasitsownspecificinterpretationonnonverbalcommunication.Whatisacceptableinoneculturemaybecompletelyunacceptableinanother.Oneculturemaydeterminethatsnappingfingerstocallawaiterisacceptable;anothermayconsiderthisgesturerude.
8.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.Nonverbalcommunicationandfirstimpression
B.Nonverbalcommunicationisculture-related
C.Nonverbalandverbalcommunication
D.Theimportanceofnonverbalcommunication
9.Wecanknowaperson’sfeelingthroughoureyesbecause_________.
A.wecanseeaperson’sfeelingonhisface.
B.aperson’semotionscanbereflectedthrougheyes.
C.aperson’sfeelingcanbereflectedthroughhisbodylanguages
D.wecanseeaperson’sfeelingthroughhisposture
10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisnotTrue?
A.Meaningcanbeconveyedbothbywordsandbodylanguage.
B.Wecanusenonverbalcommunicationtolearnaboutaperson’semotionalstates.
C.Weoftengetthefirstimpressionbywhatapersonsays.
D.Thefirstimpressioncanaffectwhatwewilldointhefollowing.
11.Howmanyreasonsarementionedinthetexttoshownonverbalcommunicationisimportant?
A.2B.3C.4D.5
12.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?
A.wecanusedifferentwaystoexpressfriendship
B.eachculturehasitsownspecificinterpretationonnonverbalcommunication
C.snappingfingerstocallawaiterisacceptable
D.learningacountry’scultureisveryimportant.
D
Amanthirstsforadventure.Oftenthejourneyisthedestinationitself,andyoucanlearnalotfromabriefadventureintothewild.Herearefourtypesofoutdooradventuresthateverymanshouldattempttotake.
1.TheAscent(登高)
Mountainclimbingandbackpackingisonewaytotrulytestyourlimits.It’satestofmentalandphysicalstrength.Besides,itoftenrequiresmonthsofpreparation.Thereareplentifulfamousmountainsnotableforbeingextremelychallengingforeventhemostdedicatedclimbers.Theonethingtheyallhaveincommonisthattheyattractacertaintypeofaperson:
onewithadesiretodefeatnature.
2.TheSolo(单独的)Trip
Goingoutintothewild,alone,isoneofthescariestthingsalotofpeoplecouldeverimagine.Ifyoutakeproperprecau
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