四级词汇阅读.docx
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四级词汇阅读.docx
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四级词汇阅读
英语四级篇章词汇阅读篇NO.1
Readingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthereaderandthetext.Thereaderputsquestions,asitwere,tothetextandgetsanswers.Inthelightoftheseheputs__1__questions,andsoon.
Formostofthetimethis“conversation”goesonbelowthelevelofconsciousness.Attimes,however,webecome__2__ofit.Thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulties,whenmismatchisoccurringbetween__3__andmeaning.Whensuccessfulmatchingisbeingexperienced,ourquestionofthetextcontinuesattheunconsciouslevel.
Differentpeople__4__withthetextdifferently.Somestayveryclosetothewordsonthepage,otherstakeoffimaginativelyfromthewords,interpreting,criticizing,analyzingandexamining.Theformerrepresentsakindofcomprehensionwhichis__5__inthetext.Thelatterrepresents__6__levelsofcomprehension.Thebalancebetweentheseisimportant,especiallyforadvancedreaders.
Thereisanotherconversationwhichfromourpointofviewis__7__important,andthatistodonotwithwhatisreadbutwithhowitisread.Wecallthisa“process”conversationas__8__toa“content”conversation.Itisconcernednotwithmeaningbutwiththe__9__weemployinreading.Ifweareanadvancedreaderourabilitytoholdaprocessconversationwithatextisusuallyprettywell__10__.Notsoourabilitytoholdacontentconversation.
A)opposedB)converseC)equallyD)written
E)developedF)strategiesG)comparedH)awake
I)higherJ)expectationsK)dealL)absolutely
M)awareN)betterO)further
英语四级篇章词汇阅读篇NO.2
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviorists,whostudytherelationbetweenactionsandtheirconsequences,arguethatrewardscan__1__performanceatworkandschool.Cognitive(认识派的)researchers,whostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,maintainthatrewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceon__2__andgiftsfromothers.
Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,__3__amongeducators.Butthecarefuluseofsmall__4__rewardsspeakscreativityingradeschoolchildren,suggestingthatproperlypresentedinducements(刺激)indeed__5__inventiveness,accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.
“Ifkidsknowthey’reworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelatively__6__task,theyshowthemostcreativity,”saysRobertEisenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNewark.“Butit’seasyto__7__creativitybygivingrewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuchanticipationforrewards.
Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsourhighgradesfor__8__achievementendsupwithuninspiredstudents,Eisenbergerholds.Asanexampleofthelatterpoint,henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsand__9__failinggrades.
Inearlygrades,theuseofso-calledtokeneconomies,inwhichstudentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstowardvaluedrewards,shows__10__inraisingeffortsandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.
A)mentalB)promiseC)killD)avoid
E)hopeF)especiallyG)aidH)ordinary
I)approvalJ)monetaryK)generallyL)improve
M)challengingN)restoreO)excellent
英语四级篇章词汇阅读篇NO.3
Thereisapopularbeliefamongparentsthatschoolsarenolongerinterestedinspelling.NoschoolIhavetaughtinhasever_____spellingorconsidereditunimportantasabasicskill.Thereare,however,vastlydifferentideasabouthowtoteachit,orhowmuch_____itmustbegivenovergenerallanguagedevelopmentandwritingability.Theproblemis,howtoencourageachildtoexpresshimselffreelyand_____inwritingwithoutholdinghimbackwiththecomplexitiesofspelling?
Ifspellingbecometheonlyfocalpointofhisteacher’sinterest,clearlya__4__childwillbelikelyto“playsafe”.Hewilltendtowriteonlywordswithinhisspellingrange,choosingtoavoid__5__language.That’swhyteachersoften__6__theearlyuseofdictionariesandpayattentiontocontentratherthantechnicalability.Iwasonceshockedtoreadonthebottomofasensitivepieceofwritingaboutapersonalexperience:
“Thisworkis__7__!
Therearefartoomanyspellingerrorsandyourwritingisillegible(难以辨认的).”Itmayhavebeenasharp__8__ofthepupil’stechnicalabilitiesinwriting,butitwasalsoasadreflectionontheteacherwhohadomittedtoreadtheessay,which__9__somebeautifulexpressionsofthechild’sdeepfeelings.
Theteacherwasnotwrongtodrawattentiontotheerrors,butifhisprioritieshadcentredonthechild’sideas,anexpressionofhisdisappointmentwiththepresentationwouldhavegiventhepupilmore__10__toseekimprovement.
A)priorityB)criticismC)containedD)clearly
E)adventurousF)discourageG)motivationH)terrible
I)ignoredJ)difficultK)encourageL)expressed
M)confidentlyN)brightO)motiveL)expressed
英语四级篇章词汇阅读篇NO.4
Sportisnotonlyphysicallychallenging,butitcanalsobementallychallenging.Criticismfromcoaches,parents,andotherteammates,aswellaspressuretowincancreateanexcessiveamountof__1__orstressforyoungathletes.Stresscanbephysical,emotional,orpsychologicalandresearchhasindicatedthatitcanleadtoburnout.Burnouthasbeendescribedas__2__orquittingofanactivitythatwasatonetimeenjoyable.
Theearlyyearsofdevelopmentare__3__yearsforlearningaboutoneself.Thesportsettingisonewherevaluableexperiencescantakeplace.Youngathletescan,forexample,learnhowto__4__withothers,makefriends,andgainothersocialskillsthatwillbeusedthroughouttheirlives.Coachesandparentsshouldbeaware,atalltimes,thattheirfeedbacktoyoungsterscan__5__affecttheirchildren.Youngstersmaytaketheirparents’andcoaches’criticismstoheartandfindaflaw(缺陷)inthemselves.
Coachesandparentsshouldalsobe__6__thatyouthsportparticipationdoesnotbecomeworkforchildren.Thatoutcomeofthegameshouldnotbemoreimportantthanthe__7__oflearningthesportandotherlifelessons.Intoday’syouthsportsetting,youngathletesmaybeworryingmoreaboutwhowillwininsteadof__8__themselvesandthesport.Followingagamemanyparentsandcoaches__9__ontheoutcomeandfindfaultwithyoungsters’performances.Positivereinforcementshouldbeprovidedregardlessoftheoutcome.Researchindicatesthatpositivereinforcementmotivatesandhasagreatereffectonlearningthatcriticism.Again,criticismcancreate__10__levelsofstress,whichcanleadtoburnout.
A)processB)highC)enjoyingD)anxiety
E)settleF)cautiousG)cooperateH)greatly
I)droppingJ)hardlyK)intenseL)focus
M)aspirationN)criticalO)procedure
英语四级篇章词汇阅读篇NO.5
ThefirstmodernOlympicGameswasheldinAthens(雅典)in1896andonlytwelvenationsparticipated.Besidesthehostnationmanparticipantsweretouristswho__1__tobeinGreeceatthetime.Thoughthewholeaffairwas__2__andthestandardwasnothigh,theoldprincipleofamateursportwaskeptup.
Sincethenthegameshadbeenheldeveryfouryearsexceptduringthe__3__ofthetwoWorldWar.Thiswas__4__adeparturefromtheoldOlympicspiritwhenwarshadtostopandmakewayforthegames.
Thegameshavegrownenormouslyinscaleand__5__performanceshavenowreachedunprecedentedheights.Unfortunatelythesamecannotbesaidabouttheir__6__standard.InsteadofOlympia,themoderngamesarenowheldindifferentcitiesallovertheworld.Inevitablypoliticsandcommercialismgetinvolvedascountriesvieeachotherfor(为......而互相竞争)the__7__toholdthegamesbecauseofthepoliticalprestigeandcommercialprofittobe__8__outofthem.Inthe11thegamesheldinBerlinin1936,Hitlerwhohadnewlycometo__9__inGermanytriedtousetheoccasionforhisNazipropaganda.ForthefirsttimetheOlympicflamewasbroughtallthewayfromOlympiatothegamessiteinrelays,amarathonjourneynowoftentakingmonthsto__10__.
A)honourB)accomplishC)hadD)moral
E)arriveF)occuredG)endH)power
I)happenedJ)definitelyK)PhysicalL)informal
M)interruptionN)especiallyO)irregular
英语四级篇章词汇阅读篇NO.6
Manyayoungpersontellsmehewantstobeawriter.Ialways__1__suchpeople,butIalsoexplainthatthere’sabigdifferencebetween"beingawriter"andwriting.Inmostcasestheseindividualsaredreamingof__2__andfame,notthelonghoursaloneatatypewriter."You’vegottowanttowrite,"Isaytothem,"notwanttobeawriter."
Therealityisthatwritingisa__3__,privateandpoorpayingaffair.Foreverywriterkissedbyfortunetherearethousandsmorewhoselongingisnever__4__.WhenIlefta20-yearcareerintheUS.CoastGuardtobecomeafreelancewriter(自由撰稿人),Ihadno__5__atall.WhatIdidhavewasafriendwhofoundmemyroominaNewYorkapartmentbuilding.Itdidn’tevenmatterthatitwas__6__andhadnobathroom.Iimmediatelyboughtausedmanualtypewriterandfeltlikea__7__writer.
Afterayearorso,however,Istillhadn’tgottenabreakandbeganto__8__myself.Itwassohardtosellastorythat__9__madeenoughtoeat.ButIknewIwantedtowrite.Ihaddreamedaboutitforyears.Iwasn’tgoingtobeoneofthosepeoplewhodiewondering,whatif?
Iwouldkeeo(keep?
)puttingmydreamtothetest--eventhoughitmeantlivingwith__10__andfearoffailure.ThisistheShadowlandofhope,andanyonewithadreamlearntolivethere.
A)barelyB)genuineC)rewardedD)doubt
E)lonelyF)povertyG)persuadeH)prospects
I)uncertaintyJ)impossiblyK)encourageL)awarded
M)aloneN)wealthO)cold
英语四级篇章词汇阅读篇NO.7
It’snevereasytoadmityouarein
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