湖南省炎德英才杯学年高一英语下学期基础学科知识竞赛试题.docx
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湖南省炎德英才杯学年高一英语下学期基础学科知识竞赛试题.docx
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湖南省炎德英才杯学年高一英语下学期基础学科知识竞赛试题
湖南省炎德英才杯2019-2020学年高一英语下学期基础学科知识竞赛试题
时量:
100分钟满分:
100分
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Highschoolismorethanjustattendingclassesandtryingtogetgoodgrades.Studentscantakefulladvantageoftheopportunitieshighschooloffersthemtoexploretheirinterestsandinteractwithfellowstudentsinactivitiesandclubs.
HonorSocieties
Forstudentswhodowellacademicallyorartistically,thereareorganizationsliketheNationalHonorSociety,NationalScienceHonorSocietyandNationalArtHonorSocietythatrewardstudentswhoseachievementsaresuperior.Studentswhodesiretobeapartofhighschoolhonorsocietiesarerequiredtohavegradepointaveragesofatleast3.0,ona4.0scale,andmayhavetogetnominated(提名)byteachersorrequestrecommendationletters.Whiletheseorganizationsfocusonscholarship,theyalsoteachmembersleadershipskillsandencouragecommunityservice.
SportsandAthleticsClubs
Whetherformallyjoiningasportsteamorsimplyparticipatinginschoolactivities,highschoolsofferstudentsawiderangeofsportsandathleticsclubs.Helpingstudentsstayactiveandhealthy,theseclubsteachstudentstheimportanceofteamwork,patienceandpractice.
CommunityServiceOrganizations
OrganizationsliketheKeyClubInternationalandHabitatforHumanityhelpstudentsgivebacktotheircommunitiesbyparticipatinginstructuredservicelearningactivities.Fromcleaningalocalparktodistributing(分配)Thanksgivingbasketstothehomeless,theseorganizationsteachchildrentheimportanceofreachingoutahelpinghandtothoseinneed.
CareerDevelopmentClubs
Determiningtherightcareerpathcomesfromexploringdifferentoptionstolearnwhateachcareerrequiresandhowitfitsyourinterests.Highschoolsdevelopclubsandorganizationsdedicatedtostudentswhowanttoownbusinesses,becometeachers,doctors,lawyersandactors,amongmanyothercareers.Studentsparticipatingintheseclubsareactiveinthecommunityandoftencompeteagainststudentsonlocal,regionalandsometimesnationallevels.ClubslikeDECA(anassociationofmarketingstudents)andFBLA(FutureBusinessLeadersofAmerica)havestudentscompeteagainstoneanothertotesttheirbusinessskills.Othercareer-orientedclubsincludeorganizationsforfutureteachers,debateandphotographyenthusiasts.
1.Whichofthefollowinghasarequirementforstudentachievements?
A.CareerDevelopmentClubs.B.HonorSocieties.
C.CommunityServiceOrganizations.D.SportsandAthleticsClubs.
2.WhatdoSportsandAthleticsClubsandCommunityServiceOrganizationshaveincommon?
A.Theybothneedstudentstoworktogether.
B.Theybothteachstudentspracticalskills.
C.Theybothprovidemoraleducationforstudents.
D.Theybothbuildstudents'confidence.
3.WhatisthepurposeofCareerDevelopmentClubs?
A.Tohelpstudentswithcareerplanning.B.Totrainpeopleforallwalksoflife.
C.Toleadstudentstofindtheirhobbies.D.Toimprovestudents'awarenessofcompetition.
B
"Natureneverstopsbeingamazing,"saysRosemaryMosco,masterofhumorousnatureart.Hernewbook,BirdingIsMyFavoriteVideoGame,combinesfascinatingfactswithcharmingpictures,andit'sguaranteedtomakeyoulaugh.Infact,thelearningandlaughingarebothequallyimportanttoRosemary.
"There'ssomuchtoloveaboutbirds,"notesRosemary."Iadmirethatthey'rereal-life,moderndinosaurs!
Asanartist,I'mcaptivatedbytheircolorvariations.Onceyougetintobirds,theinterestsnowballs.Youcanfindthemalmosteverywhere.Youstarttonoticesubtlebehaviorsandwingpatterns.You'reneverboredagain.Teachingakidtowatchbirdsisahugegift."
BirdsmakeregularappearancesinRosemary'snatureartcomics(连环漫画).Shecreatedcharts(图表)explainingthesongsandcallsofcommoneasternandwesternbirds.Oneofhermostpopularpiecesisaflowcharthelpingyoutodecidewhetherornottohelpababybirdfallenfromanest.Andherownpersonalfavoritecartoonisabouttinyowls,meanttobebothmotivationalandmildlydisturbing.Rosemaryexplains:
"Onereaderaskedmeifwehadanyevidencethattheseowlscankillandeatamoose(驼鹿).Myresponsewas,notyet…"
Rosemarylovesotheranimals,andisespeciallyproudofapostershedrewshowingeverysnakeintheUSandCanada.Shealsohasarealsoftspotforbutterflies."Theirbehaviorscanbesurprisinglycomplex,"shepointsout."Theydefendhabitatswithdogfights.Theyhavecomplexrelationshipswithpoisonousplants.Someofthemcatwasteanddrinktears.Oh,andithelpsthattheyposenicelyforphotos."
Mostlyself-taught,Rosemaryhastakenafewartcourses,evenstudyingvideogameartforabit.Duringhercareer,she'screatedmanyeducationalcharts,andhasbeenworkingonsomechildren'ssciencebooks.Shealsohasanupcomingcomicsnovelaboutthesolarsystem.
"I'mexcitedtosharemorestoriesaboutthenaturalworld."Rosemarysaysaboutthefutureofhernatureartcomics."Humorgivessciencewings!
"
4.WhatisthemainfeatureofRosemary'scomics?
A.Anovelofecologyandcartoons.
B.Acombinationofnatureartandscience.
C.Amixtureofentertainmentandeducation.
D.Abookofinterestingfactsandbehaviorcharts.
5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"captivated"meaninParagraph2?
A.Puzzled.B.Attracted.C.Shocked.D.Encouraged.
6.ThepurposeofwritingParagraph4isto.
A.sharethecontentofRosemary'scomics
B.explainthepopularityofRosemary'sart
C.provethehardshipofRosemary'screation
D.disclosethesourceofRosemary'sinspiration
7.WhatisRosemarymostlikelytodonext?
A.Takesomeartcourses.B.Writeanewbirdingbook.
C.Drawthesunhumorously.D.Observemoose'sbehavior.
C
Signlanguage,theprimaryformofcommunicationofthedeafcommunity,hasbeeninuseforhundredsofyears.You'reprobablymostfamiliarwithAmericanSignLanguage,butsignlanguageisusedallovertheworldandhasnearly150variations.Signlanguageinterpreterscanbeseeneverywherefromclassroomsandgraduationceremoniestomajorsportingevents.
Whenyouthinkofsignlanguage,youmostlikelyimaginesignersusingtheirhandstoformwordsandletters.However,handsarconlyoneofthemanydifferentbodylanguagetechniquesthatsignersusetogettheirmeaningacross.Infact,muchofthegrammaticalstructureofsignlanguageisnotindicatedbythesigner'shands.
Whilethehandsareresponsibleforformingthewordsthemselves,markerscalled"non-manualelements"controlmuchofthelanguages'grammaticalstructure.Non-manualelements(ormarkers)arcbodylanguagetechniquesthatdon'tusethehands.Theseincludeheadmovements,bodypositioningandfacialexpressions.Usedtogetherwiththesigns.theseelementsgivesignlanguageasubtle(微妙的)andextremelycomplicatedgrammaticalstructure.LinguistAndreaLacknerfromAlpcn-AdriaUniversityinAustriadidastudythatshowsjusthowimportantthesenon-manualelementsarctosignlanguageusers.
Thestudyassessedjusthowmanydifferentthingsnon-manualelementscando.Forthisstudy,allparticipantsweredeafusersofAustrianSignLanguage.Theywatchedavideoofsomeoneusingsignlanguage,andtheyhadtodescribethepurposeofeachnon-manualelement.Theresultswereverycomplicated.Forinstance,thingsassubtleasthedirectionofthesigner'sgazecanindicatewhetherornotastatementishypothetical(假设的).Asingleheadmovementcanindicatetheemotionofastatement,aconditionalorifsituation,orasigner'sfeelingstowardahypotheticalquestion.Bodylanguageisalwaysimportant,butinsignlanguage,itcanchangetheentiremeaningofasentence!
8.Whatdosignersusetheirhandstodomostly?
A.Toknowpeople'swordsandletters.B.Tounderstandpeople'smeanings.
C.Toformthegrammaticalstructure.D.Toformwordsandletters.
9.Whatdonon-manualelementsinclude?
A.Words,signlanguageandbodylanguage.
B.Headmovements,bodylanguageandsigns.
C.Headmovements,bodypositioningandfacialexpressions.
D.Bodypositioning,facialexpressionsandsigns.
10.Whatdoesthestudyshowaboutsignlanguage?
A.Themainfunctionofthenon-manualelements.
B.Theimportanceofthenon-manualelements.
C.Theinfluenceofbodylanguageonsignlanguage.
D.Theinfluenceofsignlanguageonbodylanguage.
11.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?
A.Non-manualElementsCountsinSignLanguageB.WaystoAvoidBeingMisunderstood
C.GrammaticalElementsinSignLanguageD.TheImportanceofSignLanguage
D
Nobelprize-winners,legendary(传奇的)authors,andfamousscientists-youmightthinkallthesepeoplewereborntobecreative.However,that'snotalwaysthecase.
Whilewell-knownfigureslikePabloPicassoandAlbertEinsteindidtheirmostsignificantworkintheiryouth,famousAmericanpoetRobertFrostandEnglish-bornnaturalscientistCharlesDarwinwereknownas"latebloomers"-peoplewhosetalentswerenotnoticeableuntillaterinlife.
Thisideaof"peaking"atdifferenttimesinspirednewresearchfromtheUnitedStates."Manypeoplebelievethatcreativityisexclusively(独有地)associatedwithyouth,butitreallydependsonwhatkindofcreativityyou'retalkingabout,"saidBruceWeinberg,aprofessorofeconomicsattheUniversityofChicagoandco-authorofthestudy.
Accordingtothestudy,publishedearlierthismonthinthejournalDeEconomist,therearetwotypesofpeople:
conceptual(概念的)andexperimentalthinkers.
Toreachthisconclusion,researcherstookthe31previouswinnersoftheNobelPrizeineconomicsandarrangedthemaccordingtowhentheydidtheirmostsignificantwork,toidentifytheircrea
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