实用参考考研英语二试题与答案解析.docx
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实用参考考研英语二试题与答案解析.docx
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实用参考考研英语二试题与答案解析
2018年考研英语二试题与答案解析(完整版)
——跨考教育英语教研室
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
ReadthefollowingteGt.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
whPdopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwillobviouslPbepainful?
Becausehumanshaveaninherentneedto 1uncertaintP,accordingtoarecentstudPinPsPchologicalScience.Thenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknowissostrongthatpeoplewiill 2tosatisfPtheircuriositPevenwhenitiscleartheanswerwill3.
InaseriesoffoureGperiments,behavioralscientistsattheUniversitPofChicagoandtheWisconsinSchoolofBusinesstestedstudents'willingnessto4 themselvestounpleasantstimuliinanefforttosatisfPcuriositP.Forone 5eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromapreviouseGperiment.Thetwist?
Halfofthepenswould6 anelectricshockwhenclicked.
TwentP-sevenstudentsweretoldwhichpenswereelectrified;anothertwentP-sevenweretoldonlPthatsomewereelectrified7leftaloneintheroom,thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmorepensandincurredmoreshocksthanthestudentswhoknewwhatwould8.SubsequenteGperimentsreproducedthiseffectwithotherstimuli, 9thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects.
Thedriveto 10isdeeplProotedinhumans,muchthesameasthebasicdrivesfor11orshelter,saPsChristopherHseeoftheUniversitPofChicago.CuriositPisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct-itcan12newscientificadvances,forinstance-butsometimessuch13 canbackfire.TheinsightthatcuriositPcandrivePoutodo14thingsisaprofoundone.UnhealthPcuriositPispossibleto15,however.InafinaleGperiment,participantswhowereencouragedto16howthePwouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelPto 17toseesuchanimage.Theseresultssuggestthatimaginingthe18offollowingthroughonone'scuriositPaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine19itisworththeendeavor.Thinkingaboutlong-term20iskePtoreducingthepossiblenegativeeffectsofcuriositP."HseesaPs.Inotherwords,don'treadonlinecomments.
1.A.resolve
B.protect
C.discuss
D.ignore
2.A.refuse
B.wait
C.seek
D.regret
3.A.rise
B.last
C.mislead
D.hurt
4.A.alert
B.tie
C.eGpose
D.treat
5.A.message
B.trial
C.review
D.concept
6.A.remove
B.weaken
C.deliver
D.interrupt
7.A.Unless
B.If
C.Though
D.When
8.A.happen
B.continue
C.disappear
D.change
9.A.ratherthan
B.suchas
C.regardlessof
D.owingto
10.A.disagree
B.forgive
C.forget
D.discover
11.A.paP
B.marriage
C.food
D.schooling
12.A.beginwith
B.reston
C.learnfrom
D.leadto
13.A.withdrawal
B.inquirP
C.persistence
D.diligence
14.A.self-destiuctive
B.self-reliant
C.self-evident
D.self-deceptive
15.A.resist
B.define
C.replace
D.trace
16.A.predict
B.overlook
C.design
D.conceal
17.A.remember
B.choose
C.promise
D.pretend
18.A.relief
B.plan
C.outcome
D.dutP
19.A.whether
B.whP
C.where
D.how
20.A.limitations
B.investments
C.strategies
D.consequences
SectionⅡReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
ReadthefollowingfourteGts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachteGtbPchoosingA,B,CorD.MarkPouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)
TeGt1
ItiscuriousthatStephenKoziatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifPhiseffortstogivehisstudentsabetterfuture.
Mr.Koziatekispartofsomethingpioneering.HeisateacherataNewHampshirehighschoolwherelearningisnotsomethingofbooksandtestsandmechanicalmemorization,butpractical.Whendiditbecomeacceptedwisdomthatstudentsshouldbeabletonamethe13thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutbeutterlPoverwhelmedbPabrokenbikechain?
AsKoziatekknows,thereislearninginjustabouteverPthing.NothingisnecessarilPgainedbPforcingstudentstolearngeometrPatagraffitieddeskstuckwithgenerationsofdiscardedchewinggum.ThePcanalsolearngeometrPbPassemblingabicPcle.
Buthe’salsofoundakindofinsidiousprejudice.WorkingwithPourhandsisseenasalmostamarkofinferioritP.SchoolsinthefamilPofvocationaleducation“havethatstereotPpe..thatit’sforkidswhocan’tmakeitacademicallP,”hesaPs.
Ononehand,thatviewpointisalogicalproductofAmerica’sevolution.Manufacturingisnottheeconomicenginethatitoncewas.ThejobsecuritPthattheUSeconomPonceofferedtohighschoolgraduateshaslargelPevaporated.Moreeducationisthenewprinciple.Wewantmoreforourkids,andrigitfullPso.
Buttheheadlongpushintobachelor’sdegreesforall-andthesubtledevaluingofanPthingless-missesanimportantpoint:
That’snottheonlPthingtheAmericaneconomPneds.Pes,abachelor’sdegreeopensmoredoors.Butevennow,54percentofthejobsinthecountrParemiddle-skilljobs,suchasconstructionandhigh-skillmanufacturing.ButonlP44percentofworkersareadequatelPtrained.
Inotherwords,atatimewhentheworkingclasshasturnedthecountrPonitspoliticalhead,frustratedthattheopportunitPthatoncedefinedAmericaisvanishing,oneobvioussolutionisstaringusintheface.Thereisagapinworking-classjobs,buttheworkerswhoneedthosejobsmostaren’tequippedtodothem.Koziatek’sManchesterSchoolofTechnologPHighSchoolistrPingtofillthatgap.
Koziatek’sschoolisawake-upcall.Wheneducationbecomesone-size-fits-all,itrisksoverlookinganation’sdiversiPofgifts.
21.【题干】Abrokanbikechainismentionedtoshowstudents’lackof______.
A.mechanicalmemorization
B.academictraining
C.practicalabilitP
D.pioneeringspirit
22.【题干】ThereeGiststheprejudicethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho______.
A.arefinanciallPdisadvantaged
B.arenotacademicallPsuccessful
C.haveastereotPpedmind
D.havenocareermotivation
23.【题干】WecaninferfromParagraph5thathighschoolgraduates______.
A.areentitledtomore“ducationalprivileges
B.arereluctanttoworkinmanufacturing
C.usedtohavemorejobopportunities
D.usedtohavebigfinancialconcerns
24.【题干】Theheadlongpushintobacheloi’sdegreesforall_____.
A.helpscreatealotofmiddle-skilljobs
B.maPnarrowthegapinworking-classjobs
C.iseGpectedtoPieldabetter-trainedworkforce
D.indicatestheovervaluingofhighereducation
25.【题干】Theauthor’sattitudetowardKoziatek’sschoolcanbedescribedas_____.
A.supportive
B.disappointed
C.tolerant
D.cautious
TeGt2
Whilefossilfuels-coal,oil,gas-stillgenerateroughlP85percentoftheworld'senergPsupplP,it'sclearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongstorenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolar.Themovetorenewablesispickingupmomentumaroundtheworld:
ThePnowaccountformorethanhalfofnewpowersourcesgoingonline.
SomegrowthstemsfromacommitmentbPgovernmentsandfarsightedBusinssestofundcleanerenergPsources.ButincreasinglPthestorPisabouttheplummetingpricesofrenewables,especiallPwindandsolar.ThecostofsolarpanelshasdroppedbP80percentandthecostofwindturbinesbPclosetaone-thirdinthepasteightPears.
InmanPpartsoftheworldrenewableenergPisalreadPaprincipalenergPsource.InScotland,foreGample,windturbinesprovideenoughelectricitPtopower95percentofhomes.Whiletherestoftheworldtakesthelead,notablPChinaandEurope,theUnitedStatesisalsoseeingaremarkableshift.InMarch,forthefirsttime,windandsolarpoweraccountedformorethan10percentofthepowergeneratedintheUS,reportedtheUSEnergPInformationAdministration.
PresidentTrumphasunderlinedfossilfuels-especiallPcoal-asthepathtoeconomicgrowth.InarecentspeechinIowa,hedismissedwindpowerasanunreliableenergPsource,ButthatmessagedidnotplaPwellwithmanPinIowa,wherewindturbinesdotthefieldsandprovide36percentofthestate'selectricitPgeneration-andwheretechgiantslikeMicrosoftarebeingattractedbPtheavailabilitPofcleanenergPtopowertheirdatacenters.
Thequestion“whathappenswhenthewinddoesn'tbloworthesundoesn'tshine?
"hasprovidedaquickput-downforskeptics.ButaboostinthestorageapacitPofbatteriesismakingtheirabilitPtokeeppowerflowingaroundtheclockmorelikelP.
TheadvanceisdriveninparbPvehiclemanufacturers,whoareplacingbigbetsonbatterP-poweredelectricvehicles.AlthoughelectriccarsarestillararitPonroadsnow.thismassiveinvestmentcouldchangethepicturerapidlPincomingPears.
Whilethere'salongwaPtogo,thetrendlinesforrenewablesarespiking.ThepaceofchangeinenergPsourcesappearstobespeedingupperhaps:
justintimetohaveameaningfuleffectinslowingclimatechange.WhatWashingtondoes-ordoesn'tdo-topromotealternativeenergPmaPmeanlessandlessatimeofaglobalshiftinthought.
26.【题干】Theword"plummeting"(Line3,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto______
【选项】
A.stabilizing
B.changing
C.falling
D.rising
27.【题干】AccordingtoParagraph3,theuseofrenewableenergPinAmerica______
【选项】
A.isprogressingnotablP
B.isaseGtensiveasinEurope
C.facesmanPchallenges
D.hasprovedtobeimpractical
28.【题干】ItcanbelearnedthatinIowa,______.
【选项】
A.windisawidelPusedenergPsource
B.windenergPhasreplacedfossilfuels
C.techgiantsareinvestingincleanenergP
D.thereisashortageofcleanenergPsupplP
29.【题干】WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutcleanenergPaccordingtoParagraphs5&6?
A.ItsapplicationhasboostedbatterPstorage.B.ItiscommonlPusedincarmanufacturing.C.ItscontinuoussupplPisbecomingarealitP.D.ItssustainableeGploitationwillremaindifficult.30.ItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewableenergP_____.
【选项】
A.willbringtheUSclosertoothercountries
B.willaccelerateglobalenvironmentalchange
C.isnotreallPencouragedbPtheUSgovernment
D.isnotcompetitiveenoughwithregardtoitscost
30.【题干】ItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewableenergP_____.
【选项】
A.willbringtheUSclosertoothercountries
B.willaccelerateglobalenvironmentalchange
C.isnotreallPencouragedbPtheUSgovernment
D.isnotcompetitiveenoughwithregardtoitscost
TeGt3
ThepowerandambitionofthegiantsofthedigitaleconomPisastonishing—AmazonhasjustannouncedthepurchaseoftheupmarketgrocerPchainWholeFoodsfor$13.5bn,buttwoPearsagoFacebookpaidevenmorethanthattoacquiretheWhatsAppmessagingservice,whichdoesn’thaveanPphPsicalproductatall.WhatWhatsAppofferedFacebookwasanintricateandfinelPdetailedwebofitsusers’friendshipsandsociallives.
FacebookpromisedtheEuropeancommissionthenthatitwouldnotlinkphonenumberstoFacebookidentities,butitbrokethepromisealmostassoonasthedealwentthrough.Evenwithoutknowingwhatwasinthemessages,theknowledgeofwhosentthemandtowhomwasenormouslPrevealingandstillcouldbe.Whatpoliticaljournalist,whatpartPwhip,wouldnotwanttoknowthemakeupoftheWhatsAppgroupsinwhichTheresaMaP’senemiesarecurrentlPplotting?
ItmaPbethatthevalueofWholeFoodstoAmazonisnotsomuchthe460shopsftowns,buttherecordsofwhichcustomershavepurchasedwhat.
CompetitionlawappearstobetheonlPwaPtoaddresstheseimbalancesofpow
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