研究生英语阅读Unit8课后答案.docx
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研究生英语阅读Unit8课后答案.docx
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研究生英语阅读Unit8课后答案
Unit8
TransportationandCityLife
LearningObjectives
Attheendoftheunit,studentswillbeableto:
1.havesomegeneralknowledgeoftransportationandcitylife;
2.talkaboutdifferentmeansoftransportationanddifferentstyleoraspectsofcitylife;
3.haveadiscussionabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthecitylife;
4.masterthekeywordsandexpressionsconcerningtransportationandcitylife.
PartIWarm-upActivities
ADirections:
Thefollowingarefourpicturesofthetrafficregulationsandtheirmeaning.Matcheachpicturewithitscorrespondingmeaning.
(1)--C
(2)--D
(3)--B(4)--A
A.ThedriveroflorryAneedstoberesponsiblefortheaccidentbecauseheviolatesthetrafficregulationbyopeningthedoorwithoutnoticingtherearvehicle.
B.ThedriverofcarAneedstoberesponsibleforthecollisionbecauseheviolatesthetrafficregulationbyovertakingthecarfromtherightonaone-waytrafficroad.
C.ThedriveroflorryAneedstoberesponsiblefortheaccidentbecauseheviolatesthetrafficregulationbycarryinggoodswithoverlength.
D.ThedriverofcarAneedstoberesponsibleforthecrashbecauseheviolatesthetrafficregulationbynotavoidingthefrontturningvehicle.
BDirections:
Thefollowingaredifferentmeansoftransportation.Joinapartneranddiscussthefollowingquestions:
bike taxi train bus subway plane lightrail car
1.Whichmeansoftransportationdoyouusuallytakewhenyougodowntown?
2.Whichdoyoutakewhenyougotraveling?
Andwhy?
3.Talkabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofacertainmeansoftransportationyoutake.
UsefulWordsandExpressions
trafficregulation交通规则
pedestrian行人
guidepost路标
subway地铁
trafficlight红绿灯
giveway让路
policebox岗亭
commute通勤
singleline单行线
ambulance救护车
doubleyellowlines双黄线
drunkdriving醉酒驾车
zebrastripes斑马线
exceedthespeedlimit超速
crossroad十字路
safetyisland安全岛
noentry不准进入
sidewalk人行道
noturns不准掉头
carriageway车行道
driveontothepavement冲上人行道
illinformed消息闭塞
head-oncollision迎面相撞
lackofculturalactivities缺乏文化生活
achaincollision连环撞
convenienttraffic便捷的交通
drivingwithoutlicense无证驾驶
publictransportationsystem公共交通系统
PartIIListening
1.HKairport
Readthenewwordsbelowbeforelistening.
reclamation/ˌreklə'meiʃən/n.theactorprocessofreclaiming开垦,收复
cargo/'kɑ:
gəu/n.=freight;thegoodsthatarebeingcarriedinashiporplane(船、飞机等装载的)货物
estuary/'estʃuəri/n.thewidepartofariverwhereitgoesintothesea河口,三角湾
undertaking/ˌʌndə'teikiŋ/n.animportantjob,pieceofwork,oractivitythatyouareresponsiblefor事业
commitment/kə'mitmənt/n.thehardworkandloyaltythatsomeonegivestoanorganization,activityetc承诺,委任
Directions:
ListentoadialogueaboutHKairport.Fillintheinformationthatismissinginthefollowingtable.
WhenwasHKairportopened
in1998
Wherewasitbuild
onanislandmadebylandreclamation
thestatusofHKairport
seenasamajorcontributortotheHongKongeconomy.
passengersitcarrieseveryyear
fiftyfourmillion
theamountofmoneytheexpansionprojectcosts
morethan17billiondollars
reasonspeoplebuildtheairportbythesea
landisexpensiveandanyway,airportscreatenoiseandpollution
Tapescript
Rob:
Hello,I’mRobandwithmetodayisRosie.
Rosie:
Hithere.
Rob:
Hi,Rosie.Nowinourprogrammetodaywe’retalkingaboutairports.Theyaresortofadeparturepointforgreatadventuresandtheyareamazingcrossroadsforpeopletravellingacrosstheworld.
Rosie:
Butwhyarewetalkingaboutthemtoday?
Rob:
Well,airportexpansionhasbeeninthenewsandparticularlyplanstoexpandHongKongInternationalairportwhichcouldturnintotheWorld’sbiggest.
Rosie:
Theairportwasonlyopenedin1998andwasbuiltonanislandmadebylandreclamation.TheairportisseenasamajorcontributortotheHongKongeconomy.
Rob:
That’sright.Let’shearfromBBCcorrespondentJulianaLiuabouttheairport’simportance.(JulianaLiu,BBCcorrespondent)
HongKong’sairportisoneofthebusiestintheworld,transportingfiftyfourmillionpassengersayearandmorecargothananywhereelse.Andbecauseit’ssoclosetotheboomingprovincesofsouthernChina,thosetrafficfiguresareonlyexpectedtogoup.
Rosie:
That’swhythegovernmentwantstomakeanenormousexpansionoftheairport.
Rob:
Othercountriesaroundtheworldarealsotalkingaboutexpandingtheirairports.
Rosie:
Yes,thisissomethingthatisbeingconsideredinLondon.ThegovernmentisnowconsideringbuildinganewrunwayatHeathroworevenbuildingacompletelynewairportaltogether,possiblyinthemiddleoftheThamesestuary.
Rob:
Butbuildingprojectsliketheseareveryexpensiveandtheyinvolvemakingdecisionsbasedonpredictionsforthefuture.
Rosie:
Welllet’shearmorefromJulianaLiuaboutwhat’sinvolvedwiththeexpandingoftheproject?
(JulianaLiu,BBCcorrespondent)
Theprojectislikelytocostmorethan17billionsdollars,muchmorethantheexistingairport.Itwillbeanenormousundertaking.Muchofthespaceneededfortherunwaydoesnotyetexist,soitmustbereclaimedfromthesea.
Rob:
Morethan17billiondollars!
That’smorethantheexistingairportcosttobuildsomaybethatgivesyoutheideaofhowbigitreallyisgoingtobe.
Rosie:
Averybigcommitment.Oneofthetasks–orjobs–thatneedsdoingistobuildmoreland.
Rob:
Nowatthemomentthereisn’tthespacetobuildarunwaysonewlandmustbereclaimedfromthesea.Theywillconverttheseabedintolandtobuildon.
Rosie:
Thatwillbeareallybigundertaking!
Butwhydotheyhavetodothat?
Couldn’ttheybuilditsomewhereelse,maybenearerthecitycentre?
Rob:
Well,asyouknow,landisexpensiveandanyway,airportscreatenoiseandpollutionwhichnobodywantsneartheirhouse.Agoodcompromise–orafairagreement–istobuildthembythesea.
Rosie:
ButevendoingthatinHongKonghasraisedsomeconcernsforenvironmentalists–peoplewhocareabouttheenvironment.ThereisalsoconcernaboutpollutionwhichapparentlyisalreadywhatmostpeoplecomplainaboutinHongKong.Andtheairandnoisepollutioncancertainlyaffectourhealth.
Rob:
WellIthinkbuildingnewairportsisalwayscontroversialbutuntilwecandevelopacleanerformoftransportandaquieterone,therewillbealwaysbetheneedforairtravelandforairports.
2.CyclinginCities
Readthenewwordsbelowbeforelistening.
LaRochelle拉罗歇尔(法国西海岸的美丽小城)
Copenhagen/ˌkəupən'heigən/n.哥本哈根(丹麦首都)
fleet/fli:
t/n.agroupofvehiclesthatarecontrolledbyonecompany车队
dockingstation停靠站
endorse/in'dɔ:
s/v.expressformalsupportorapprovalforsomeoneorsomething赞同,支持
swipe-cardn.aspecialplasticcardthatyouslidethroughamachineinordertogetintoabuildingoropenadoor刷卡
mandatory/'mændətəri/adj.compulsory强制性的
deterrent/di'terənt/adj.preventive阻碍的
gridlock/'gridˌlɔk/n.atrafficjaminwhichnovehicularmovementispossible,especiallyonecausedbytheblockageofkeyintersectionswithinagridofstreets交通全面大堵塞
scourge/skə:
dʒ/n.somethingthatcausesalotofharmorsuffering灾祸
ADirections:
InthissectionyouwillhearareportaboutthecyclinglifeontheslowlaneinsomeEuropeancountries.Whilelisteningforthefirsttime,writedownsomekeywordsinthenotescolumn.
BDirections:
Listentothereportagainandanswerthefollowingquestions.
1)Whereandwhendidthelow-techschemestart?
ItstartedintheFrenchtownofLaRochellein1974.
2)ApartfromMexico,whatcitieshaveadoptedrent-a-bikeprojects?
TheyareCopenhagen,Paris,Berlin,andLondon.
3)Whatisthebiggestproblemforthecyclingschemes?
theft
4)Whatseemstobemoresecurethanportablelock?
themandatoryuseofdockingstations
5)Whatarethetwobestsolutionsmentionedforurbancycling?
Oneiscyclelanes;theotheristherighttoridegentlythroughparksandonpavementswithoutbeingfined.
Tapescript
Cyclingincities
Shiftingupagear
Rent-a-bikeprojectsarecroppingupinunlikelyplaces
THINair,thicksmogandbaddriversmakeMexicoCityhardgoingforcyclists.Butanewfleetof1,200smartred“Ecobici”pay-as-you-gorentalbikes,at85dockingstations,marksthemostambitiousrecentadditiontoaglobaltrendofmunicipallyendorsedcycling.SinceFebruary7,000peoplehavesignedup,andbetweenthemtheyhavetakenmorethan200,000trips.
Alow-techschemestartedintheFrenchtownofLaRochellein1974.Copenhagenlaunchedthefirstbigautomatedprojectin1995.Germancities,includingBerlin,havetriedversionspaidforbymobilephone.Butthemostsuccessfulisthe“Vélib”inParis,with20,000bikesavailableforuserswithswipe-cards.InLondonthetransportauthorityandBarclaysBankwilllauncha6,000-bikeprogrammeonJuly30th.Userscanpayatoneofthe400dockingstations,oruseakeywithachip.
Thevulnerabilityformostschemesistheft.ThousandsoftheParisianbikesdisappearedinthescheme’searlystages,turningupasfarafieldasRomaniaandMorocco.Portablelockshaveprovedaweakpoint:
themandatoryuseofdockingstationsismoresecure.“Wewereexpectingpeopletostealthem,butthathasn’thappened,”saysMarceloEbrard,MexicoCity’smayor.Onlyoneofthe1,200bikesintheschemehasgonemissingtodate.
Theparadoxofurbancyclingisthatbadtrafficisbothdeterrentandincentive.Whendemonstrationsortraffic-signalfailuresbringMexico’sstreetstogridlock,businessmencanbeseenstrappingtheirbriefcasesontoEcobicis.
CyclistsinplaceslikeLondonan
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