桥梁专业外文翻译现代桥梁美学的发展空间.docx
- 文档编号:3314471
- 上传时间:2022-11-21
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:15
- 大小:940.76KB
桥梁专业外文翻译现代桥梁美学的发展空间.docx
《桥梁专业外文翻译现代桥梁美学的发展空间.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《桥梁专业外文翻译现代桥梁美学的发展空间.docx(15页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
桥梁专业外文翻译现代桥梁美学的发展空间
中文3877字
Expressingspaceforcesystemandinheritinghumanism
—TheSpaceForModernBridgeAestheticsDevelopment
PanFang
AbstractTheharmonyofmechanicsandaestheticsisthelogicalbasisfortheexistenceandthedevelopmentofbridgeaesthetics.Whenforce-bearingpropertiesofspaceforcesystemarewovenintobridgedesign,thespiritsofsculptureareinstilledintobridgestructures.Andtheinterventionofthetraditionofhumanitiesconvertsbridgesintospatial-temporalsequencesthatembodylocalconventionalcharacterandrecurtobridges’geniusloci.Thecombinationofbothprovidesmanyalternativesofthedevelopmentofmodernbridgeaesthetics.
Keywordsspaceforcesystemthetraditionofhumanitiesbridgeaesthetics
“Wethinkourcivilizationnearitsmeridian,
butweareyetonlyatthecock-crowingandthemorningstar.”
----Emerson,RalphWaldo
1.Presentstatus
Nowadays,therearetwomainstreamsinbridgesdevelopment.Oneisthetrendofextralong-spanbridges,andanotheristheurbanizationofmiddle-spanorsmall-spanbridges.Thesetwotrendsexactlycorrespondtotwofeaturesofbridges.
Thefirstoneistheculturalfunctionofbridgeservingasasymbolofcriticornationalcharacteradditionaltoitsconventionalfunctiontosupportloads.Thegiantexposedelementsofbridgesinherentlyembodyhuman’sstrength,courageandwilltoconquertheriver.Andthisisespeciallytrueinextralong-spanbridges.Anotherobviouscharacterofbridgeisthatitenablespeopletooccupythespaceownedbyriver.Asaresult,ononehand,humanattachestothespacewhereheoriginallybelongsto,ontheotherhandhecanmovebackandforthbetweenbanks.Thatmakeshimfeelsimultaneouslyinteriorandexterior,openness,freedomandprotection.Thisexperienceofpassengerscomesthroughthestreamofcomplexinterplayofstructureitselfanditssurroundings.
Uptonow,experienceaccumulatedonspaceforcesystemsguaranteesthecredibilityofsuchcomplexstructuresascable-archstructuresandbridgessubjectedtogale.Andadvancedcomputer-aideddesignfacilitatesvisualizationofthree-dimensionalmodelofthestructureunderdiscussion.Technologicalrestrainsisloosening.Atthesametime,bridgeaestheticsbegintothrive.Geniusloci,namely,spiritsofplace,aredesired,whicharedeeplyrootedinthetraditionofhumanities.Differentconnectsarewellarrangedtodisplayaspatial-temporalsequenceswhicharouseresonanceofvisitors.
Thematurityofbridgedesigntechniqueandtheemphasisonhumanismandtraditionareprerequisitesofprogressofbridgeaesthetics.
2.Potentialspacelatentinspaceforcesystem
2.1Theoreticalsupport
Admittedly,conventionalproceduresforbridgedesignhaveadeepinfluenceonbridgeaesthetics.Becausetheloadsonbridgesaremorecomplexthanthatonbuildings,intheconceptdesignstage,architectureisinvolvedmuchless.Andbeforetheintroductionofcomputer-aideddesignsoftware,almostallbridgesweresimplifiedintotwo-dimensionstructuresinordertoavoidthesolutionoflargescalelinearprogramming.Unfortunately,thisartificehasitsside-effect.Itneglectsbridgeisastructureofthree-dimensionwhohasabundantexpressiveforces.Consequently,thesimilaritybetweendifferentbridgesandthestiffnessintheirappearanceoccur.
Thenhowtoelicitthevigorinsidebridgeswhenweareliberatedformcalculationtosomeextent?
Revertingtobridges’originalnatureofagiantsculptureisanoptimalchoice.Asathree-dimensionstructure,bridgedemandsdesignersnotonlymentallytovisualizeacomplexformfromallrounditself,toidentifyitscentreofgravity,itsmass,itsweight,torealizeitsvolume,asthespacethattheshapedisplacesintheair,butalsotheaccurateexpressionoftheinternalwaystotransferloads,whereliesthedifferencebetweenbridgesandcommonsculptures.Thecriticalstepisweavinginvisibleloadpathsintothenatureofbridgemold.Theexamplebelowillustratesthat.
Theonenessofaestheticsandmechanicsisthelogicalbasisfortheconceptadvocatedabove.Fordesigners,theworkdoesn’trestonthatprimarylevel.Familiaritywiththebehaviorofspaceforcesystemisdesired,whichincludesstaticloadsdistribution,structuraldynamicresponsetowinds,waves,andcozyextentforpassengers.
Differentresultscomeoutwhenbridgesmainyresistdifferentloads.Ifbridgeismainlysubjectedtostaticloads,foraninstance,thestructureweight,spectatorspassingthroughitwillperceivethepowerandthefrozenmovementofit.Andifdynamic,forexample,wind,thesecurityspringsfrombridge’sprotection.
2.2Analysisofexamples
2.2.1Cable-archstructure
CampoVolantinFootbridge,acrossRiverNervion,inBilbao,Spain,tellsanexactstoryofhowaleaningarchkeepsstableintheweaveofcables.Theconstructionsystemisasteelinclinedparabolicarchwithglassdecking.Thetortuousdeckofthesingle-spannedfootbridgeissuspendedontheleaningarch,andtheverywarpechoestothestreamofvisitorsfromlowerreachesoftheriver.Balanceisachievedbyproperlysettingleaningarch,whichsustainsmostoftheloads,andthehorizontalcurvingdeck.Thearchisacrossthefootpath,structurallysupportedbyscatteredcables,andatthesametime,mainbeamissimplifiedintoasteelwell-proportionedtube.Fig.2shows.
Therecordofdesign’sevolutionshowedhowthetypicalarchisgraduallyweakened,andthegeometricalformbecomemoreandmorecomplex,whichemphasizetheimpressionofmovement.Alongtheinteriorsideofitscurvingdeck,thereisaseriesoflowweightcables,eachofwhichlinksthearchandhorizontaldeck,weavingabeautifulcurvebygraduallychangingtheveryangle.Inaverticalplane,allcablesextendoutward,whoseimaginaryfocusalludesarotarytrenddifferentfromtheaxisofthesteelarch.Theforcesgenerateacurveatthetopofarch.Additionally,straightsideofarchandcablesconverginginthemiddleofthearchformapeculiarcombinationultimately.Thepiersnotonlytransfertheconcentratedloadstothegroundequablybutalsoserveascircumscriptionbetweenthelocationandtheabstractspaceoccupiedbybridgeitself.
Anapparentdisequilibriumorratherasenseoffrozenmovementisheightenedbythelightnessofthestructure.ScatteredsunlightofBasquecastscontinuouslyvariedshadowontheseneatcompressedbars,achievingdramaticeffect.
2.2.2Truss
AnotherrepresentativeisWettsteinBridgeacrossRhine,inBasel,Switzerland.Themainarchessecedesotherauxiliaryelementstoexpressseparately,whosustaintheallweightofbridge.Theobliquetrussarchdramaticallyeliminatesbothitsownweightandtheponderosityofprofile.Itdoesreachonemilestoneofcreatingtheopportunitytoinstallthinneracrosssection.Inordertodistributetheconcentratedloadintotheside-pushloadpathandtostrengthenthecompressedarch,itisofstructuralimportancetoreinforcethelongitudinalstiffness.Thisdesiredstiffnessisprovidedbyapairoftetrahedrons,whoselowerchords,constitutinganevencurve,properlyserveasfoiltotheoutlineofmainarch.Asawhole,thedetailsofthisbridgeexplainmoreonhowloadsaretransferredthroughnodesandhownodesinfluencestressfield.Fig.3shows.
ThisdesignembodiesatypicalbridgeaestheticstyleofmiddleEurope.Thebridgetowers,theclassicalbasicproportionandthedetailsofsteelstructureallremindpeopleoftheancientbridgesinViennaorParis.
2.2.3Slopeandcurvedbridge
ThegiantvolumeofKumamotoBridgeconnectsthreeislandsofAmakusa-shotointheSouthJapan.Fisheryhasalonghistory,whichcreatesaharmoniousrelationshipbetweenlocalinhabitantsandnaturalenvironment.Sothisemotionalneedmustbeproperlyrespondedto.Thecurvedlinecanmeetsthisdemand,butitwillgeneratearotarytrendofmovement.Asanimportantconnectamongthreeislands,thehighertrafficcapacityisavitalfactor.What’smore,galeoftenappearsinbeachfront,whichshouldbeconsideredalongwiththeexpectedtrafficflow.
Theultimatedesignisaslopeandcurvedbridgewithrepetitivesteelboxsection.Theoutlookislikeahugearch,whichcurves,contorts,andascends.Atthefirstglance,itsappearancedoesn’tmeasureuptothecurvestylehighwayengineersareusedto,whichisimposedonnaturaltopographyandresultsindiscordancewithsurroundingsinmanyAmericanfreewaysexecuted.Fortunately,KumamotoBridgeblendswellwithitslocationandechoestotheislandsitconnectsinspace.Andthesimplicityinbothstructureandappearanceresiststhedangertobecomeadaredevilmanmadestructureortoexaggeratedlyexpressitsmobility.Fig.4show.
Full-depthboxsectionisgoodatbeingcontorted,andhenceitcanresisttherotarytrendofmovementofthehugeprominentcurve.Theconcavedefenseboardsaresetalongtheedgeofdeck.Theyhavebeenadjustedaccordingtowindtunnelresultstomakepavementandbikewayareinareawhereairflowstandsalmoststill.Thusitprotectspassengersfromthegale.Windtunnelexperimentsarealsousedtoimprovesectionshape.Theoptimalcurvedsurfaceofbottomischoseninordertosmoothairflowandconsequentlyimprovetheefficiencyofthecontortedbox.
Thearrangementofsuspendinglight-weightelementsoverlarge-scalestructuresremindspeopleofJapanesearchitecturesinearlystage,whichuselargeblockofstonesasfoundationsandcomparativelylighttimbersforsuperstructures.Thepiersareprismswithrightangles,whichaddsolemnitytothebridgeandintensivelycontrasttogentlecurvedbottom.Thesteelbeamissustainedonthesphericalpillars,whichactivi
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 桥梁 专业 外文 翻译 现代 美学 发展 空间