自行车链条线设计参数.docx
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自行车链条线设计参数.docx
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自行车链条线设计参数
AllAboutBicycleChainline
Chainline
Thisreferstohowstraightthechainrunsbetweenthefrontandrearsprockets.Ideally,bothsprocketsshouldbeinthesameplane,sothatthereisnosidewardmotionorstresstothechain.Thisconstitutes"perfectchainline".
Inthecaseofderailergearedbicycles,thechainlineisnotperfectinmostgears.Theworsethechainline,theworsethemechanicalefficienty
ofthedrivetrain.
"Correct"chainlineforaderailersystemisamatterofopinion,anddependsontheintendeduseofthebicycle.Therearetwo"simple"answerstothequestionofwhatconstitutesproperchainline:
1.Oneviewisthatthemiddleoftheclustershouldlineupwiththemiddlechainring(orhalf-waybetweenthetwo,inthecaseofadouble.
2.Fromthepartsmanufacturers'pointofview,thechainlinedependsonthediameteroftheseattubewherethefrontderailermounts.Forfatterseattubeswherethefrontderailerisfarthertothe
right,derailermanufacturerswantthechainlinetobefarthertotherightalso,becausetheirmainpriorityisshiftingperformanee,andtheirfrontderailershaveanoptimalchainline
withrespecttotheedgeoftheseattube.Thisisparticularlyaconcerninthecaseofbicycleswithindexedfrontshifting.
Fromtherider'spointofview,chainlineispartlydependentonhowyou
aregoingtouseyourgears.Forinstanee,consideraroadtriplevsamountainbiketriple:
«Witharoadtriple,youmostlyusethetwobiggerrings,thegrannyisonlyoccasionallyused,andonlywiththelargerrearsprockets.Foraroadtriple,havingthecranksclose-inisgood,becauseitincreasestheusabilityofthebigring.
«Withamountainbike,thesmallringisusedmuchmoreoften,andmustoftenbeusedwithfairlysmallsprocketstoavoidhavingtoshiftthefrontunderload.Formountainbikes,amoreoutboardchainwheelpositionisoftenpreferable.
ChainlineStandards:
Application
Dimension
Notes
RoadDouble
43.5
Shimanospec,measuredtothemidpointbetweentherings.withtypical5mmchainringspacing,thisputstheinnerat41mm,theouterat46mm.
RoadTriple
45
Shimanospec,measuredtothemiddlering.
MTBTriple
47.5-50
mm
Shimanospec,measuredtothemiddlering.
47.5preferred,butforframeswithoversizedseattubes,theIongerdimensionmaybeneeded,becausethefattubeplacesthederailermechanismfarthertotheright.
Track/CoasterBrakeTraditionalOne-SpeedMostinternalgearhubs
40.5-42
mm
Olderbikeswith110spacingwouldbeonthesmallerendofthisrange
Newerbikeswith120mmspacingnormallyuse42mm
Singlespeed
MTB
52mm
WiderchainlineneedforchainstayclearaneeonMTBs.
RohloffSpeedhub
54mm(58mm
ThisisclosetothechainlineoftheouterringofatypicalMTBtriple
w/13tooth)
Singlespeed
MTB
Alternate
47.5mm
WhiteIndustriesENOhubsusethischainline,whichlinesupwiththemiddlepositionofatypicalMTBtriple.
It'salsofairlyclosetotheouterpositionofatypical"road"double.
ChainlineMeasurement-Front
Chainlineismeasuredfromthecenterlineoftheframetothecenterofthechain.
Youcanmeasurethefrontchainlinedirectlywithasimpleruler.Simplyholdtheruleragainsttheseattubeordowntubeandmeasurethedistaneetothemiddleofthechainringteeth.Inthecaseoftriplechainwheelsets,measuretothemiddlechainring.Inthecaseofdoubles,measuretothehalfwaypointbetweenthetworings.
ChainlineAdjustment-Front
Ifyouneedtoadjustthefrontchainline,thereareseveraldifferentoptionstoaccomplishit:
・ChangetheBottomBracket
Mostbottombracketsmadesineethemid-'90saresymmetrical,theystickoutthesameamountoneachside.Ifyoureplaceyourpresentbottombracketwithonethatis,say,4mmshorter,itwillmovethechainline2mmtotheleft,becauseitwillbe2mmshorteroneachside.
Ifyougothisroutetoanarrowerchainline,makesurethatthere
won'tbeaclearaneeproblembetweentheframeandthecrankorchainring.
•BottomBracketSpacer
Ifyouneedtoincreasethechainline(movethechainringtotheright)youcanusuallyaddaspacerwasherbetweentheright-sidebottombracketmountingring(orcup)andthebottombracketshelloftheframe.TheusualspacerforthisisaSturmey-Archersprocketspacer.ThesefitallthreadedbottombracketsexceptItaliansize.Sorry,Idon'tknowofanysourceforaspacerthatwillfitanItalian(36mm)bottombracket.
ChainringSpacers
Forasinglechainring,youcanaddspacersbetweenthechainringandthecrankspider.
Ifyourchainringismountedontheoutsideofthespider,youcanmoveittotherigthtthisway.Ifit'smounteedontheinsideofthespider,youcanmoveittotheleftasshown.
Thisusesthesame10mmI.D.spacersnormallyusedonrearhubaxles.
Suitablespacersareavailablein1,2,and3mmthickness.YoumayneedtouseIonger"double"stackbolts,especiallyforthe3mmsize.
•PhilWoodBottomBrackets
PhilWoodBBsaresuperquality,availableinmanydifferentlengths,andtheyalsofeaturetheabilitytoadjustthechainlineoverarangeofseveralmillimeters.
PhilWoodstuffisexpensive,butit'stheVeryBest.
ChainlineMeasurement-Rear(Forbikesthatdo
notusederailergearing)
Tomeasurerearchainline:
«Measuretheframespacing(ortheover-lock-nutdimensionofthehub,whichshouldbethesame.)(Example:
120mm)
«Dividetheresultinhalf.(Example:
60mm)
«Measurethedistaneefromtheinsideoftherearforkend(ortheoutsideoftheaxlelocknut)tothemiddleofthesprocket.(Example:
18mm)
«Subtractthedropout-to-sprocketspacing(Example:
18mm)fromthehalf-over-lock-nutdimension(Example:
60mm)todeterminetheactualrearchainline(Example:
42mm)
Forfixed-gearorothersingle-speedhubs,seebelowforachartofdifferenthubsandsprockets.Withthischartyoucancalculatetherearchainlinebysimpleaddition.
FixedSprocketsandSingleFreewheels
Ihavemeasuredaselectionoftracksprockets,singlefreewheelsandhubswithrespecttochainline(unitsaremillimeters.)The"Chainline"column
isthedistaneefromthemmountingshouldertothecenterlineofthesprocketteeth.
Tofiguretheactualchainlineforagivencombination,addthenumberfromthe"chainline"columnofthesprocketorfreewheeltothe
corrresponding"chainline"columnofthehubchosen.
Fixed(Track)Sprockets
Model/Type
Nominal
Chainline
Measured
Total
Thread
Width
(FromShoulder)
width
thickness
Thickness
Campagnolo
3/32"
7.0
2.0
8.0
7.8
Campagnolo
1/8"
6.5
3.0
8.0
7.2
E.A.I.
3/32"
7.13
2.2
8.23
8.05
E.A.I.
1/8"
6.73
3.02
8.24
8.05
MicheQuick
ChangeSplined
3/32"
5.85/5.15
1.9
7.72
7.3
MicheQuickChangeSplined
1/8"
5.85/5.15
3.0
7.72
7.3
PhilWood
3/32"
5.86
2.3
7.01
7.01
PhilWood
1/8"
6.05
3.02
7.56
7.06
Shimano
Dura-Ace
3/32"
6.49
2.11
7.55
7.55
Shimano
Dura-Ace
1/8"
7.05
3.05
8.58
7.7
Soma
3/32"
6.37
1.86
7.3
7.3
Soma
1/8"
6.9
3.00
8.4
6.9
SuginoGigas
1/8"
7.0
3.0
8.5
7.5
SunTourSuperbe
3/32"
6.22
2.26
7.35
7.35
SunTourSuperbe
1/8"
6.93
3.05
8.46
7.5
SurlyNew(2005)
3/32
6.4
2.0
7.4
7.4
SurlyNew(2005)
1/8"
5.9
3
7.4
7.4
SurlyOld
3/32
5.28
2.05
6.31
6.31
SurlyOld
1/8"
5.07
2.7
6.42
6.42
SingleSpeedFreewheels
Model/Type
NominalWidth
Chainline
(FromShoulder)
Measuredwidth
ACS
3/32"
7.96
2.16
Shimano
3/32"
7.89
2.08
Shimano
1/8"
8.67
3.0
Tristar
1/8"
7.71
2.96
White
Industries
3/32"
8.73
2.17
SingleSpeedandFixedGearHubs
Model/Type
Track/M
TB
OLD
Spaci
ng
Adjustable
?
*
Chainline
CentertoShoulder
LeftSide
RightSide
Drillings
Ambrosiolargeflange
Track
120
?
36
Fixed
Fixed
32
Campagnolosmallflange
Track
120
Yes
36
Plain
Fixed
28,32,
36
2002
CampagnoloC-Record
Track
120
Yes
35.9
Plain
Fixed
28,32,
36
Largeflange
GoldTec
Track
120,
130,
135
Yes
39.5
Fixed
Fixed
32,36
I.R.O.
Track
120
No
36.0
Fixed/Free
32
Kogswell
MTB
135
No
45.3
Fixed
Fixed
32
Miche
Track
120
Yes
36.3
Plain
Fixed
28,32,
36
On-One
FullMonty
MTB
135
No
43.3
Plain
Free
32,36
PhilWood
Track
Track
120,
126,
130
No
36.75
Plain
Fixed
Free
Fixed
28,32,
36
PhilWood
K.I.S.S.
Off
MTB
135
No
45.35
Plain/Fr
ee
Fixed/Free
32,36
Shimano
Dura-Ace
7700
Track
120
Yes
35.3
Fixed
28,32,
36
Shimano
Dura-Ace7700Small
Track
120
Yes
35.3
Fixed
28,32,
36
Flange
ShimanoDura-Ace7600LargeFlange
Track
120
Yes
35.4
Fixed
28,32,
36
Sovos
Track
112
Yes
33.5
Free
Fixed
36
Spot
MTB
135
No
47.25
Plain
Free
28,32,
36
Surly
Track
Track
120
Yes
36.22
Free
Fixed
32
Surly1x
1
MTB
135
Yes
46.5
Free
Fixed/Free
Drillings
Suzue
Basic
Track
117-12
0
Yes
34.74
Free
Fixed
28,32,
36
SuzuePromax(cartridge)
Track
120
Yes
35.0
Free
Fixed
28,32,
36
Suzue
Promax
NJS
Track
120
Yes
35.0
Fixed
Fixed
28,32,
36
Van
Dessell
MTB
135
No
45.9
Free
Fixed
32
White
Industries
ENO
Track/M
TB
126,
130,
135
No
39.1
Free
Fixed
28,32,
36
ChainlineAdustement-Rear
Thereareanumberofoptionsforadjustingrearchainlineonbikeswithasinglerearsprocket:
DustCan
•AxleRe-Spacing/Re-Dishing
Thisistheusualwaytogoforconvertingbikesfromamulti-speedderailersetuptoasingle-speedfixed-g
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