20三维总复习英语选修八Unit 2高考拆组训练附解析.docx
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20三维总复习英语选修八Unit 2高考拆组训练附解析.docx
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20三维总复习英语选修八Unit2高考拆组训练附解析
选修八Unit2高考拆组训练
阅读理解组块专练——练速度
(限时:
30分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Atyournextmeeting,waitforapauseinconversationandtrytomeasurehowlongitlasts.
AmongEnglishspeakers,chancesarethatitwillbeasecondortwoatmost.Butwhilethispatternmaybeuniversal,ourawarenessofsilencediffersdramaticallyacrosscultures.
Whatonecultureconsidersaconfusingorawkwardpausemaybeseenbyothersasavaluablemomentofreflectionandasignofrespectforwhatthelastspeakerhassaid.ResearchinDutch(荷兰语)andalsoinEnglishfoundthatwhenasilenceinconversationstretchestofourseconds,peoplestarttofeeluneasy.Incontrast,aseparatestudyofbusinessmeetingsfoundthatJapanesepeoplearehappywithsilencesof8.2seconds—nearlytwiceaslongasinAmericans'meetings.
InJapan,itisrecognisedthatthebestcommunicationiswhenyoudon'tspeakatall.It'salreadyafailuretounderstandeachotherbyspeakingbecauseyou'rerepairingthatfailurebyusingwords.
IntheUS,itmayoriginatefromthehistoryofcolonial(殖民地的)Americaasacrossroadsofmanydifferentraces.Whenyouhaveacomplexofdifference,it'shardtoestablishcommonunderstandingunlessyoutalkandthere'sunderstandablyakindofanxietyunlesspeopleareverballyengagedtoestablishacommonlife.ThisappliesalsotosomeextenttoLondon.
Incontrast,whenthere'smorehomogeneity,_perhapsit'seasierforsomekindsofsilencetoappear.Forexample,amongyourclosestfriendsandfamilyit'seasiertositinsilencethanwithpeopleyou'relesswellacquaintedwith.
语篇解读:
本文主要讲述了谈话中的沉默文化。
尽管交谈中出现停顿是普遍存在的,但我们对沉默的认识在不同的文化中有着巨大的差异。
不同的文化中沉默时间不同,对于沉默的看法也不同。
1.Whichofthefollowingpeoplemighthavethelongestsilenceinconversation?
A.TheDutch. B.Americans.
C.TheEnglish.D.TheJapanese.
解析:
选D 细节理解题。
根据第二、三段内容可知,日本人在谈话中沉默时间最长。
故选D。
2.WhatmighttheJapaneseagreewithinconversation?
A.Speakingmoregivestheupperhand.
B.Speakoutwhatyouhaveinyourmind.
C.Greatmindsthinkalikewithoutwords.
D.Theshortertalkingsilence,thebetter.
解析:
选C 推理判断题。
根据第四段首句可知,在日本,一般认为最好的交流是一句话不说的时候。
因此推断日本人认为“伟大的心灵,无言而喻”。
故选C。
3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
A.Afoursecondsilenceinconversationisuniversal.
B.It'shardforAmericanstoreachacommonagreement.
C.EnglishspeakersaremoretalkativethanJapanesespeakers.
D.Thecloserweandourfamilyare,theeasierthesilenceappears.
解析:
选D 推理判断题。
根据文章最后一句可知,亲密的人之间更容易出现沉默,因此我们和家人越亲密,沉默越容易出现。
故选D。
4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“homogeneity”inthelastparagraphmean?
A.Similarity.B.Contradiction.
C.Diversity.D.Misunderstanding.
解析:
选A 词义猜测题。
根据下文的举例可知,越亲密的人,越容易出现沉默,因此推断画线句表示相比而言,当有更多相似时,也许沉默更容易出现。
故画线词意思与similarity意义相近。
故选A。
B
Plantcloninghasbeenanagriculturaltechniqueusedbyfarmersandgardenersforcenturies.Grafting(嫁接)isacommonformofplantcloning.Manyplantsinnatureactuallyclonethemselvesandreproduceasexually(无性生殖地).
Clonedplantsaremuchmorepredictablethannormalplants,sotheiryield(产量)ismorereliable.Clonedplantsalsoreproducefaster,limitingtheamountoftimebetweenplantingandharvesting.Itisalsooftencheapertoproduceseedsthroughcloningthanthroughtraditionalmethods.Plantscanessentiallybeoptimizedsothatfarmersorindividualgrowersalwayshavethebestseedsavailable.Withhigheryieldatafasterrate,farmscanproducemorefoodformorepeoplewhiledecreasingoverallcosts.
Cloningcanbeusedtowipeoutdiseasesthatpreviouslykilledoffentirefieldsofcrops.Thiswouldmakeplantsimmunetothekindsofdiseasesthatfarmersandgardenersaroundtheworldfeareachyear.Cropfailuresduetodiseaseandviruscouldbecomeathingofthepast.Also,plantsthatarenearextinctioncanbebroughtbacktolifethroughcloning.
Throughcloningscientistscandevelopsuperfruitsandvegetablesofsuperior(更好的)nutritionalquality.Thiscouldmakeforahealthierpopulationoverall.Thishasalreadybeendonethroughselectivepollination(授粉),andgeneticcloningcouldtakeittothenextlevel.
Byplantcloningwehaveapopulationofidenticalplantsandalltheseplantsequallysufferfromthesamediseases,butinnaturetheweakwoulddieandthestrongwouldsurvive.Whiletherearesomedangerstoconsiderwithplantcloning,thereareplentyofbenefitsthatcouldprovevitaltothepropagation(繁衍)ofthehumanspecies.
5.Theunderlinedword“optimized”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto“________”.
A.grown B.produced
C.perfectedD.examined
解析:
选C 词义猜测题。
根据“sothatfarmersorindividualgrowersalwayshavethebestseedsavailable”可知,optimize与perfect的意思相近。
6.Accordingtothetext,clonedplants________.
A.haveloweryieldthannormalplants
B.needlesscarefrompeople
C.preventvariouskindsofdiseases
D.haveashortergrowthcycle
解析:
选D 细节理解题。
从第二段中的“Clonedplantsalsoreproduce
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