历史街区的景观改造研究外文资料翻译.docx
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历史街区的景观改造研究外文资料翻译.docx
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历史街区的景观改造研究外文资料翻译
外文资料翻译
StudyonRenovationoftheLandscapesofHistoricalBlocks
Everycityhasitsownspecialmemories,whichareincarnatedinitslandscapesofhistoricalblocks.WashingtonCharterhaspresentedtheso-farbestdefinitionofhistoricalblocks:
theyaretheblockswithgreathistoricalvaluesofacityoratown,whethertheyarelargeorsmall,inurbanorinsuburbanHistoricalblocksarenotonlypreciousheritagesofhistoricalcultureinmaterialform,butalsothelinkingnodesconnectingthepresentwiththepastaswellwiththefutureofacityinspirit.Whenwedesignamoderncity,wenotonlyneedtomakethescientificplanningforitsfunction,butalsoshouldpaymuchattentiontoitslocalandtraditionalfeaturessothatitcannotbeneglectedamongthelandscapesofmoderncities.Therefore,itissignificanttomakestudiesontheprotectionanddevelopmentofhistoricalblocks.
1ThePresentStatusofHistoricalBlocksinChina
Since21thcentury,Chinahasenteredafastdevelopingperiod,andmanysequelaeresultedfromrebuildinginlargescalearewitnessed.Theoldcityblocksareusuallyimportantareaswithclustersofbuildingsandhighbusinessvaluewhicharefavoredbytherealestatedevelopers.Authorizedbythepolicies,manylocalgovernmentsimplement"theProjectofOldBlockReconstruction"inlargescaleandallowthedevelopingrightstotherealestatedevelopers.Thedemolishmentandreconstructioncertainlycausethetraditionalstyletodisappearandtraditionalculturecannotbeinheritedbecausetheoldcityblocksusuallyreflectthetraditionalcitylifestyleandtraditionalculture.Thematerialcivilizationallowspeopleenjoytheconvenienceofthemodernsocietyresultedfromnewtechnologies
andnewmaterials,butmakesthemawayfromthecomfortsandleisurewhichisresultedfromthedeclineofspiritculture.Nowadays,theresidentialhousesandhistoricalblockswhichbearthememoriesofoldcityaregraduallypassingintooblivion,thetraditionalcultureandlifestylecanhardlysurvivethemodernbuildings.
2Theapproachestorebuildingthehistoricalblocks
Thelandscapesofhistoricalblocksarethemostimportantbearerofthehistoricalvalue.Thevaluesofhistoricalculture,residentialculture,courtyardculture,andthearchitectureculturearemainlyincarnatedinsuchsubstantialhardscapes.Suchhistoricalblocksendowpeopleafeelingofspaceandsite,thelayoutofalleys,thedistributionofcourtyards,thestyleofbuildings,andtheirdesignsshouldshowahistoricalfeeling.Thehistoricalblocksconsistofancientarchitectures(includingpublicancientbuildingsandprivateresidentialhouses),publicinfrastructures,gardens,andservicebuildings,etc.[3]Madeofwoodthatisapttodecay,theancientarchitecturesinChinadifferfromthoseofWesternswhicharemadeofstonesorbrickssothattheancientChinesearchitecturesneedfrequentrepairing.Thehistoricalblocksusuallylocatedinthecentralareaswherearedenselypopulated,heavilybuildingsclustered,andtheyare"thegoldareas"fortherealestatedevelopers.Aimingatthemaximumprofit,thedevelopersusuallydonotcareabouttheirhistoricalcultureandvalueintheirreconstruction.Inaddition,thehistoricalblocksarenotproperlyprotectedandrepairedbecauseoftheshortageoffunds.Itisancrucialtasktorebuildthesubstantiallandscapeintheprotectionofhistoricalblocks.
2-1TherepairsforoldbuildingsThemain-bodybuildingsinthehistoricalblocksareusuallyconsistsoftheoldarchitectureswhicharethemostancientChinese-stylebuildingsexceptafew.Theywerebuiltwithwood,bricks,stonesandearth,dominatinginwood.Thefollowingstepsshouldbeadoptedforthereconstructionofancientbuildingsinthehistoricalblocks:
2-1-2Tomakeasurveyofthedataoftheancientbuildingandidentifyitshistoricalvalue.Therearemanyculturalrelicsandhistoricalbuildingswithhighhistoricalvalue.Athoroughsurveyfortheancientarchitecturalblocksmustbeconductedbeforetheimplementationoftheirreconstructionsoastomakecertainwhethertheculturalrelicsandhistoricalbuildingsexist.Ifsuchrelicsorbuildingsexistintheblocks,theircoveringareasshouldbemarked;theymustbeprotectedandrepairedaccordingtothelawofrelicprotection.Whenasurveyforhistoricalrelicshasbeencompleted,theinvestigationsontheotheroldbuildings,includingtheirbuildingyear,style,designandeventheirdamage,shouldbemadeandthedataberecorded,accordingtowhichtheendangeredbuildingsandoldbuildingswererespectivelyidentified.Theformershouldbereconstructedandthelatterberepaired.
Inrecentyears,influencedbythetideofreconstructionofoldandendangeredblocks,manyoldbuildingswhichcanbestillusedaredemolishedandrebuilt.Accordingtothe"thetheoryoforganicrenewa
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- 历史 街区 景观 改造 研究 外文 资料 翻译