Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice.pdf
- 文档编号:30839039
- 上传时间:2024-01-30
- 格式:PDF
- 页数:664
- 大小:52.49MB
Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice.pdf
《Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice.pdf(664页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
SoilMechanicsinEngineeringPracticeThirdEditionKarlTerzaghiLateProfessorofthePracticeofCivilEngineeringHarvardUniversityLecturerandResearchConsultantinCivilEngineeringUniversityofIllinoisRalphB.PeckProfessorofFotndationEngineering,EmeritusUniversityofIllinoisGholamrezaMesriProfessorofCivilEngineeringUniversityofIllinoisAWiley-IntersciencePublicationJOHNWILEY&SONS,INC.NewYorkChichesterBrisbaneTorontoSingaporeThistextisprintedonacid-freepaper.Copyright01996byJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.Allrightsreserved.PublishedsimultaneouslyinCanada.ReproductionortranslationofanypartofthisworkbeyondthatpermittedbySection107or108ofthe1976UnitedStatesCopyrightActwithoutthepermissionofthecopyrightownerisunlawful.RequestsforpermissionorfurtherinformationshouldbeaddressedtothePermissionsDepart-ment,JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,605ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY10158-0012.Thispublicationisdesignedtoprovideaccurateandauthoritativeinformationinregardtothesubjectmattercovered.Itissoldwiththeunderstandingthatthepublisherisnotengagedinrenderinglegal,accounting,orotherprofessionalservices.Iflegaladviceorotherexpertassistanceisrequired,theservicesofacompetentprofessionalpersonshouldbesought.LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData:
Terzaghi,Karl,1883-1963.Soilmechanicsinengineeringpractice/KarlTerzaghi,RalphB.Peck,GholamrezaMesri.-3rded.p.cm.Includesindex.1.Soilmechanics.ISBN0-471-08658-4I.Peck,RalphB.(RalphBrazelton)11.Mesri,Gholamreza,1940-111.Title.TA710.T391995624.1513642095-6616PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaIOToRuth,Marjorie,andLornaIn1948KarlTerzaghi,intheprefacetotheFirstEdi-tion,wrote:
Unfortunatelytheresearchactivitiesinsoilmechanics.divertedtheattentionofmanyinvestigatorsandteachersfromthemanifoldlimitationsimposedbynatureontheappli-cationofmathematicstoproblemsinearthworkengineering.Asaconsequence,moreandmoreemphasishasbeenplacedonrefinementsinsamplingandtestingandonthoseveryfewproblemsthatcanbesolvedwithaccuracy.Yet,accuratesolutionscanbeobtainedonlyifthesoilstrataarepracticallyhomogeneousandcontinuousinhorizontaldirections.Fur-thermore,sincetheinvestigationsleadingtoaccuratesolu-tionsinvolvehighlyspecializedmethodsofsamplingandtesting,theyarejustifiedonlyinexceptionalcases.Ontheoverwhelmingmajorityofjobsnomorethananapproximateforecastisneeded,andifsuchaforecastcannotbemadebysimplemeansitcannotbemadeatall.Ifitisnotpossibletomakeanapproximateforecast,thebehaviorofthesoilmustbeobservedduringconstruction,andthedesignmaysubsequentlyhavetobemodifiedinaccordancewiththefindings.Thesefactscannotbeignoredwithoutdefyingthepurposeofsoilmechanics.Theygovernthetreatmentofthesubjectinthisbook.Inthehalf-centurysincethesewordswerewritten,researchinsamplingandtestinghascontinuedunabated,andavastliteraturehasaccumulatedaboutthepropertiesofsoils,muchofitdirectedtowardadvancingoneoranotherschoolofthoughtconcerningidealizedconcep-tionsofsoilbehavior.Duringthesametime,remarkableadvancesinelectroniccalculationhavemadetheoreticalforecastspossibleforproblemsinvolvingcomplexboundaryandstratigraphicconditions.Thusitmaynolongerbetruethatifaforecastcannotbemadebysimplemeansitcannotbemadeatall.Inexchangeforthisprogress,however,ithasbecomeincreasinglyimportantthatthechoiceofsoilpropertiesusedintheanalysesbebasedonafundamentallycorrectknowledgeofsoilbehavior.PartIofthiseditionisessentiallyadigestofthefind-ingsofresearchworkersconcerningthepropertiesofsoilthatareofinteresttoengineers.Thedigestpresentsthefindingsfromafundamentalpointofviewratherthanasrepresentinganyoneschoolofthought.Becauseofthemanycontributionsoftheresearchworkers,thispartofthebookhasbeenexpandedmarkedlyoverthatofthepreviouseditions.Part11,ontheotherhand,hasbeenincreasedonlyslightly,becausetheessentialtheoreticaltoolswerealreadyavailable50yearsago.Thedevelopmentoffinite-elementandsimilarprocedures,althoughchangingthemodeofmanycalculations,hasnotalteredthisfact.Moreover,theclosed-formsolutionsoftheclassicaltheo-riesofelasticityandplasticitypermitthesimple,rapidapproximatecalculationsthatshouldalwaysbemadetoprovidea“backoftheenvelope”estimatetopermitjudg-ingtheneedfororthereasonablenessoftheresultsofanymoreelaboratecalculationalprocedure.Asinpreviouseditions,PartI11dealswiththeartofgettingsatisfactoryresultsinearthworkandfoundationengineeringatareasonablecost,inspiteofthecomplexityofthestructureofnaturalsoilformationsandinspiteoftheinevitablegapsinourknowledgeofthesoilcondi-tions.Thesemi-empiricalapproachdescribedandadvo-catedinthisParthasstoodthetestoftime.Ithasbecomethehallmarkofthepracticeofgeotechnicalengineering.TheauthorsareindebtedtoDr.M.T.Davisson,Mr.R.M.Armstrong,andProf.J.H.Longfortheirconstructivereviewsofthechaptersonpileandpierfoundations.ThepatientandexperttypingofthemanysuccessiveversionsofthetextbyMrs.PaulC.JesseandMrs.JoyceM.Snideraregratefullyacknowledged.ThenewillustrationsforthiseditionweredrawnbyMr.RonWinburn.Mr.MarawanShahienprovidedinvaluableassistanceincheckingthemanuscriptandinpreparing,revising,andsolvingtheproblems.Figuresandtablesfromjournals,proceedings,andbooksarereproducedwithpermissionfromtherespectivepublishers.RALPHB.PECKGHOLAMREZAMESRIxixPrefacetoFirstEditionSoilmechanicsoriginatedseveraldecadesagounderthepressureofnecessity.Asthepracticalproblemsinvolvingsoilsbroadenedinscope,theinadequacyofthescientifictoolsavailableforcopingwiththembecameincreasinglyapparent.EffortstoremedythesituationstartedalmostsimultaneouslyintheUnitedStatesandinEurope,andwithinashortperiodtheyproducedanimpressivearrayofusefulinformation.Theinitialsuccessesinthisfieldofappliedscienceweresoencouragingthatanewbranchofstructuralanaly-sisappearedtobeinthemaking.Asaconsequence,theextentandprofundityofthetheoreticalinvestigationsincreasedrapidly,andexperimentalmethodsweredevel-opedtoahighdegreeofrefinement.Withouttheresultsofthesepainstakinginvestigationsarationalapproachtotheproblemsofearthworkengineeringcouldnothavebeenattempted.Unfortunately,theresearchactivitiesinsoilmechanicshadoneundesirablepsychologicaleffect.Theydivertedtheattentionofmanyinvestigatorsandteachersfromthemanifoldlimitationsimposedbynatureontheapplicationofmathematicstoproblemsinearthworkengineering.Asaconsequence,moreandmoreemphasishasbeenplacedonrefinementsinsamplingandtestingandonthoseveryfewproblemsthatcanbesolvedwithaccuracy.Yet,accuratesolutionscanbeobtainedonlyifthesoilstrataarepracticallyhomogeneousandcontinuousinhorizontaldirections.Furthermore,sincetheinvestiga-tionsleadingtoaccuratesolutionsinvolvehighlyspecial-izedmethodsofsamplingandtesting,theyarejustifiedonlyinexceptionalcases.Ontheoverwhelmingmajorityofjobsnomorethananapproximateforecastisneeded,andifsuchaforecastcannotbemadebysimplemeansitcannotbemadeatall.Ifitisnotpossibletomakeanapproximateforecast,thebehaviorofthesoilmustbeobservedduringconstruction,andthedesignmaysubse-quentlyhavetobemodifiedinaccordancewiththefindings.Thesefactscannotbeignoredwithoutdefyingthepurposeofsoilmechanics.Theygovernthetreatmentofthesubjectinthisbook.PartAdealswiththephysicalpropertiesofsoilsandPartBwiththetheoriesofsoilmechanics.Thesetwopartsareveryshort,buttheycontainallthatengineeringstudentsandtheaverageengineerneedtoknowaboutsoilmechanicsproperatthepresenttime.TheheartofthebookisPartC.PartCdealswiththeartofgettingsatisfactoryresultsinearthworkandfoundationengineeringatareasonablecost,inspiteofthecomplexityofthestructureofnaturalsoilstrataandinspiteoftheinevitablegapsinourknowl-edgeofthesoilconditions.Toachievethisgoaltheengi-neermusttakeadvantageofallthemethodsandresourcesathisdisposal-experience,theory,andsoiltestingincluded.Yetalltheseresourcesareofnoavailunlesstheyareusedwithcarefuldiscrimination,becausealmosteverypracticalprobleminthisfieldcontainsatleastsomefeatureswithoutprecedent.EverydiscussionofpracticalproblemsinPartCstartswithacriticalsurveyofconventionalmethodsandpro-ceedsstepbysteptowhateverimprovementshavebeenrealizedwiththeassistanceoftheresultsofresearchinsoilmechanics.Therefore,theexperiencedengineerisadvisedtostartreadingthebookatthebeginningofthispart.HeshouldusePartsAandBonlyforreference,togetinformationaboutconceptswithwhichheisnotyetfamiliar.Otherwisehewouldbeobligedtodigestacon-siderableamountofmaterialbeforehewouldbeinapositiontorealizeitsfunctioninhisfieldofinterest.Thedetailsofthemethodsforcopyingwiththepracti-calproblemscoveredbyPartCmaychangeasexperienceincreases,andsomeofthemmaybecomeobsoleteinafewyearsbecausetheyarenomorethantemporaryexpedients.YetthemeritsofthesemiempiricalapproachadvocatedinPartCarebelievedtobeindependentoftime.AttheendofeacharticleofPartCthereaderwillfindalistofreferences.Intheirchoiceprioritywasgiventothosepublicationsthatarelikelytofostert
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice