英语四级仔细阅读真命题总三套题及答案解析.docx
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英语四级仔细阅读真命题总三套题及答案解析.docx
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英语四级仔细阅读真命题总三套题及答案解析
2014年6月英语四级仔细阅读真题(第一套)及答案
PassageOne
Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Whenyoungwomenwerefoundtomakeonly82percentofwhattheirmalepeersdojustoneyearoutofcollege,manywereatalosstoexplainit.
Allthetraditionalreasonsputforwardtointerpretthepaygap-thatwomenfallbehindwhentheyleavetheworkforcetoraisekids,forexample,orthattheydon'tseekasmanymanagementroles-failedtojustifythisone.Theseyoungwomendidn'thavekidsyet.Andbecausetheywerejustoneyearremovedfromtheirundergraduatedegrees,fewofthesewomenyethadthechancetogoafter(muchlessdecline)leadershiproles.
Butthereareotherreasonswhythepaygapremainssopersistent.Thefirstisthatnomatterhowmanywomenmaybegettingcollegedegrees,theuniversityexperienceisstillanunequalone.Thesecondisthatourhighereducationsystemisnotdesignedtofocusontheeconomicconsequencesofourstudents'yearsoncampus.
Nowthatwomenarethemajorityofcollegestudentsandsurpassmeninboththenumberofundergraduateandadvanceddegreesawarded,onemightthinkthecollegecampusisaprettyequalplace.Itisnot.Studiesshowthatwhilegirlsdobetterthanboysinhighschool,theystarttotrailoffduringtheircollegeyears.Theyenrollindifferentkindsofclasses,tendtomajorinlessrigorous(非常严格的)subjects,andgenerallyheadoffwithlessambitiousplans.
Asaresult,it'snotsurprisingthateventhebesteducatedyoungwomenentertheworkplacewithaslightdisadvantage.Theircollegeexperienceleavesthemsomewhatconfused,stillstumbling(栽倒)overthedilemmastheirgrandmothers'generationsoughttodestroy.Aretheysupposedtobeprettyorsmart?
Strongorsexy(性感的)Alltheirlives,today'syoungwomenhavebeenpushedtoembracebothperfectionandpassion-topursuescienceandsports,mathandtheater-anddoitallaswellastheypossiblycan.Nowondertheyarenotnegotiatingforhighersalariesassoonastheygetoutofschool.Theyaretooexhausted,andtooscaredoffailing.
56.Traditionally,itisbelievedthatwomenearnlessthanmenbecause______.
A)theyhavefailedtotakeasmanyrigorouscourses
B)theydonotfeelasfitformanagementroles
C)theyfeelobligedtotakecareoftheirkidsathome
D)theydonotexhibittheneededleadershipqualities
57.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutAmerica'shighereducationsystem?
A)Itdoesnotofferspecificcareercounselingtowomen.
B)Itdoesnotconsideritseconomicimpactongraduates.
C)Itdoesnottakecareofwomenstudents'specialneeds.
D)Itdoesnotencouragewomentotakerigoroussubjects.
58.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttoday'scollegeexperience?
A)Itisdifferentformaleandfemalestudents.
B)Itisnotthesameasthatofearliergenerations.
C)Itismoreexhaustingthanmostwomenexpect.
D)ItisnotsosatisfyingtomanyAmericanstudents.
59.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutwomenstudentsincollege?
A)Theyhavenoideahowtobringouttheirbest.
B)Theydropacoursewhentheyfindittoorigorous.
C)Theyarenotaspracticalasmeninchoosingcourses.
D)Theydon'tperformaswellastheydidinhighschool.
60.Howdoestheauthorexplainthepaygapbetweenmenandwomenfreshfromcollege?
A)Womenaretoowornouttobeambitious.
B)Womenarenotreadytotakemanagementroles.
C)Womenarecaughtbetweencareerandfamily.
D)Womenarenotgoodatnegotiatingsalaries.
PassageTwo
Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Headingleadershipliterature,you'dsometimesthinkthateveryonehasthepotentialtobeaneffectiveleader.
Idon'tbelievethattobetrue.Infact,IseewayfewertrulyeffectiveleadersthanIseepeoplestuckinpositionsofleadershipwhoaresadlyincompetentandseriouslymisguidedabouttheirownabilities.
Partofthereasonthishappensisalackofhonestself-assessmentbythosewhoaspireto(追求)leadershipinthefirstplace.
We'veallmetthetypeofindividualwhosimplymusttakecharge.Whetherit'sadecision-makingsession,abasketballgame,orafamilyouting,theycan'thelpgrabbingtheleaddogpositionandclingingontoitfordearlife.Theybelievethey'renaturalbornleaders.
Truthis,they'renothingofthesort.Trueleadersdon'tassumethatit'stheirdivine(神圣的)right,totakechargeeverytimetwoormorepeoplegettogether.Quitetheopposite.Agreatleaderwillassesseachsituationonitsmerits,andwillonlytakechargewhentheirposition,thesituation,and/ortheneedsofthemomentdemandit.
Manybusinessexecutivesconfuseleadershipwithaction.Theybelievethatconstantmotionsomehowgeneratesleadershipasabyproduct.Facedwithanysituationthatcan'tbesolvedbythesheerforceofactivity,theygenerateadustcloudofimpatience.Theironeleadershipto
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