影响大学生英语自主学习的因素分析毕业论文.docx
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影响大学生英语自主学习的因素分析毕业论文.docx
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影响大学生英语自主学习的因素分析毕业论文
本科毕业论文(设计)
题目(中文):
影响大学生英语自主学习的因素分析
(英文):
AnalysisofFactorsInfluencingCollegeStudentOnAutonomousEnglishLearning矚慫润厲钐瘗睞枥庑赖。
学院医药化工学院
年级专业12化工
学生姓名丁水芳
学号1232210028
指导教师
完成日期2008年4月
AnalysisofFactorsInfluencingCollegeStudentOnAutonomousEnglishLearning聞創沟燴鐺險爱氇谴净。
Writtenby
ZhangDongye
Supervisedby
ProfessorWangHuimin
AThesisSubmittedto
TaiZhouUniversity
inPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementsfor
theDegreeofBachelorofArts
inEnglishEducation
ForeignLanguagesCollege,ShanghaiNormalUniversity残骛楼諍锩瀨濟溆塹籟。
April2008
Acknowledgements
Thisthesisisdedicatedtoalltheteacherswhohavetaughtmealot,especiallytomysupervisor,whohashelpedtoworkouttheoutline,givingmeenlighteningadvicethroughoutthewholeprocessofthepresentthesis.Toher,Ioweaprofounddebtofgratitude.酽锕极額閉镇桧猪訣锥。
Theworkwouldnothavebeenpossiblewithoutthehelpofmyroommatesandfriends,whogavemealotofencouragementwhenIwasataloss.Wediscussedalotandmovedforward.彈贸摄尔霁毙攬砖卤庑。
Iamparticularlyindebtedtomyfatherandmother,whoencouragedmetopersistandgavemethebesttheycouldoffer.謀荞抟箧飆鐸怼类蒋薔。
Withoutallthesupport,Icouldnothavecompletedthistoughwork.厦礴恳蹒骈時盡继價骚。
Abstract
ColourtermsareabundantinbothEnglishandChinese,suchasred,yellow,andblue.Inthisthesis,IhaveattemptedtomakeacomparisonbetweenthesenseofredinEnglishandthatinChinesebystudyingtheexamplescollectedfromallthematerialsavailable.茕桢广鳓鯡选块网羈泪。
Thethesisisdividedintothreeparts.InChapterOne,IrelatecolourtermswithcognitionandcultureinEnglishandChinese.InChapterTwo,IlistalotofexamplesrelatedtoredinEnglishandChineseandanalysethemfromthreeaspectsintermsoftheirsense:
exactequivalence,partialequivalence,noequivalence.InChapterThree,Ifindoutthefactorsthatcausethesesemanticsimilaritiesanddifferencesofredfromtheperspectiveofcognitionandculture.鹅娅尽損鹌惨歷茏鴛賴。
ThroughacomparativestudyofthesenseofredinEnglishandChinese,IshedlightonthethreekindsofequivalentrelationshipofredtermsinEnglishandChinese.ThethreekindsofequivalentrelationshipindicatethatthereexistsimilarityanddifferenceinredtermsbetweenEnglishandChinese.Bothsimilarityanddifferenceareattributedtocognitivebasisandculturalinfluence.Ifpeopleknowthemwell,theycanachievebettercross-culturecommunication.籟丛妈羥为贍偾蛏练淨。
Keywords:
thesenseofred;semanticequivalence;similarity;difference;cognition;culture預頌圣鉉儐歲龈讶骅籴。
摘要
在这个科技日益发达的社会,自主学习能力变得越来越重要。
近30年来,语音教育界对自主学习也越来越重视。
本文分为三个部分。
在第一章中,我谈到了颜色词与认知和文化的关系。
在第二章中,我列举了中英文里有关红色词语的许多例子,并且结合三种语义对等关系对它们进行了分析:
英汉语义的完全对应,部分对应和不完全对应。
在第三章中,我从认知以及文化的角度,阐释了导致这些红色词语在中英文里语义相似和不同的原因。
渗釤呛俨匀谔鱉调硯錦。
通过对中英文中红色词义的对比研究,我揭示出红色词语在中英文里的三种对应关系。
这三种对应关系表明在英汉两种语言里,红色词语的语义确实存在着相似性和差异性,而这些相似性和差异性都源于认知的基础和文化的影响。
铙誅卧泻噦圣骋贶頂廡。
关键词:
红色语义;语义对应;相似;差异;认知;文化
Contents
Acknowledgements…….…….…….…….…….…….…….…….….
i
Abstract…….…….…….…….…….…….…….…….………….…
ii
摘要……………………………………………………………………………….
iii
1.Introduction………………………………………………………..
1
2.ThegeneralviewofcolourtermsinEnglishandChinese……...
2
2.1ColourtermswithcognitioninEnglishandChinese……………………..
2
2.2ColourtermswithcultureinEnglishandChinese…………………………
3
3.SemanticequivalenceofredinEnglishandChinese…………….
5
3.1Exactequivalence………………………………………………………….
5
3.2Partialequivalence………………………………………………………...
6
3.3Noequivalence…………………………………………………………….
8
4.ReasonsforthesemanticsimilaritiesanddifferencesofredinEnglishandChinese………………………………………………….
11
4.1ReasonsforthesemanticsimilaritiesofredinEnglishandChinese……..
11
4.2ReasonsforthesemanticdifferencesofredinEnglishandChinese………
13
4.2.1Differenceinaesthetichabit……………………………….…………
14
4.2.2Differenceinhistoricalbackground….…………………….………...
15
5.Conclusion……………………………....................……………...
17
Bibliography…………………………………………………….……
18
1.Introduction
AccordingtoGeoffreyLeech(1981:
9),“Thereareseventypesofmeanings:
conceptualmeaning,connotativemeaning,socialmeaning,affectivemeaning,reflectedmeaning,collocativemeaning,andthematicmeaning.”Andhecombinedconnotativemeaning,socialmeaning,affectivemeaning,reflectedmeaning,collocativemeaninginto“associativemeaning”.Sobesidestheliteralmeaning,colourwordshaveaffluentassociativemeanings.Differentnationsendowthemwithdifferentculturalconnotations.ThecomparativestudyofthesenseofredinbothEnglishandChinesewillbeabridgeforbothEnglishandChineselearnerstounderstandthesimilaritiesanddisparities;otherwise,thesedisparitiescancauseambiguityandleadtomisunderstanding.擁締凤袜备訊顎轮烂蔷。
“Obviously,connotationsareapttovaryfromagetoageandfromsocietytosociety”(Ibid:
12).Comparedwithconceptualmeaning,associativemeaningisunstablebecauseassociationsvaryconsiderablyaccordingtoculture,historicalperiod,andtheexperienceofindividuals.SoitisquitenecessarytomakeacomparisonbetweenassociativemeaningofredinEnglishandthatinChinese.贓熱俣阃歲匱阊邺镓騷。
Therehavebeenalotofstudiesaboutthemeaningsofdifferentcolours,thewaytotranslatesomephraseswithcolourterms,andtherelationshipbetweencolourandculture.Manyofthemfocusonseveralcolours,andsomefocusingononecolourtermonlylistlotsofexampleswithoutcomparingthemindifferentlanguages,soit’smeaningfultomakeacomparisonbetweenthesenseofredinEnglishandthatinChinese.Ifweknowthesimilaritiesanddifferencesinthesensebetweenthesetwolanguages,wecanlearnthesecondlanguagebetter,thusachievingthecross-culturecommunication.坛摶乡囂忏蒌鍥铃氈淚。
ThethesisisabouttoanalyzesomeexamplesofredtermsinbothEnglishandChinese,trytofindthesimilaritiesanddissimilaritiesbetweenthemintermsofsemantics,andfindoutthefactorsthatcausethesesemanticsimilaritiesanddissimilaritiesfromtheperspectiveofcognitionandculture.蜡變黲癟報伥铉锚鈰赘。
2.ThegeneralviewofcolourtermsinEnglishandChinese買鲷鴯譖昙膚遙闫撷凄。
Coloursarecloselyrelatedtopeople’slife.Colourisanimportantfieldfromwhichpeoplecanrecognizetheworld.Letusseethefollowingexample:
綾镝鯛駕櫬鹕踪韦辚糴。
(1)菩萨蛮·大柏地
赤橙黄绿青蓝紫,谁持彩练当空舞?
雨后复斜阳,关山阵阵苍。
Red,orange,yellow,green,blue,indigo,violet.
Whoisdancing,wavingthiscolouredribbonagainstthesky?
驅踬髏彦浃绥譎饴憂锦。
Thesunreturnsslantingaftertherain.
Andhillandpassgrowadeeperblue.(包惠南2003:
128)猫虿驢绘燈鮒诛髅貺庑。
InExample
(1),ChairmanMaousessevencolourtermstodescribethecoloursofarainbowintheskyafterasummerstorm.TheyareidenticalwiththesevencoloursthatareusedtodescribetherainbowinEnglishEncyclopedia.锹籁饗迳琐筆襖鸥娅薔。
Withoutcolours,therewillbenocolourfullife.Natureprovidesuswithmanybeauties,suchastherisingsun,thewhitemoonlight,thebluesea,andthegreenwheatwave.Theyareallthatweshouldcherish.構氽頑黉碩饨荠龈话骛。
2.1ColourtermswithcognitioninEnglishandChinese輒峄陽檉簖疖網儂號泶。
Languagehastwomeanings.Oneisitsconceptualmeaningwhiletheotherisitsassociativemeaning.Whenweusecolourtermstodescribethecolourofacertainsubject,theirconceptualmeaningisapplied.Whenweassociatecolourtermswithabstractconcepts,theirassociativemeaningisapplied.“TheoryofSemanticFeature-cancellation”(王寅2001:
308)makesitpossibleforustousewordswhicharesupposedtodescribeconcretethingstoexpressabstractconcepts.尧侧閆繭絳闕绚勵蜆贅。
Cognitivesemanticsviewsmeaningsasamentalphenomenonwhichisbasedonbodyexperience.Theyaretheresultofinteractionbetweenhumanbeingandtherealworld.Theprocessoftheformingofmeaningsistheprocessofconceptualization.Andtheprocessofconceptualizationisacognitiveonewhichisbasedonbodyexperience.(Ibid:
181)Thecognitiveprocessisaverycomplexone.Thecognitionofcoloursisavisualcognitiveprocess.Allthevisualinformationiscarriedtothecortexoverthemajorvisualpathway.Thediscussionofcolourtermswilltakeoneonajourneyfromtheeyetothecortex.One’sbrainservesasacolourprocessor.识饒鎂錕缢灩筧嚌俨淒。
Thecognitionofcoloursalsoinvolvesone’ssubjectivity.Thus,onecolourreflectsnotonlyobjectivefeaturebutsubjectivefeatureaswell.Thesubjectivefeatureisusuallyformedthroughsynesthesia,whichmeanswhetherthecolourmakesyoufeelwarmorfeelcold.凍鈹鋨劳臘锴痫婦胫籴。
AsGeoffreyLeech(1981:
235-26)putit,“Therelativeuniformityofcoloursemanticsindifferentlanguageshasmuchtodowiththeuniformityofthehumanapparatusofvisualperception.”Whateverlanguageapersonspeaks,heisapttoregard“certainfocalcolourstimuli”asmoreimportantthanothers.Amongmanycolours,redistheeasiesttoperceive.恥諤銪灭萦欢煬鞏鹜錦。
2.2ColourtermswithcultureinEnglishandChinese鯊腎鑰诎褳鉀沩懼統庫。
“Cultureisanintegralwholewhichembracesknowledge,beliefs,moralities,laws,customsandotherabilitiesandhabitsamanhasacquiredasamemberofsociety.”(quotedin陶丽2006:
17)硕癘鄴颃诌攆檸攜驤蔹。
Languageisapartofculture.Languageisamirror,infrontofwhichcultureisreflected.Thedifferenceofthe“innercontentofthenation”(解海江and章黎平2004:
263)isafundamentalfactorcausingdifferentunderstandingofculturalconnotationsofcolours.Peopleindifferentculturesmayhavetotallydifferentunderstandingoftheassociativemeaningwhichthesamecolourconveys.阌擻輳嬪諫迁择楨秘騖。
Culturalassociativemeaningisdeterminedbyonenation’scustom,geography,andreligion.Thesamecolourmaygiverisetodifferentassociationinone’smind.This
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