High_Rate_Ultra_Wideband_PHY_and_MAC_Standard.pdf
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High_Rate_Ultra_Wideband_PHY_and_MAC_Standard.pdf
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3rdEdition/December2008HighRateUltraWidebandPHYandMACStandardECMA-368COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENTEcmaInternational2008EcmaInternationalRueduRhne114CH-1204GenevaT/F:
+41228496000/01www.ecma-international.orgStandardECMA-3683rdEdition-December2008HighRateUltraWidebandPHYandMACStandardIntroductionThisInternationalStandardspecifiestheultrawideband(UWB)physicallayer(PHY)andmediumaccesscontrol(MAC)sublayerforahigh-speed,short-rangewirelessnetwork,utilizingallorpartofthespectrumbetween310010600MHzsupportingdataratesofupto480Mb/s.Thisstandarddividesthespectruminto14bands,eachwithabandwidthof528MHz.Thefirst12bandsarethengroupedintofourbandgroupsconsistingofthreebands.Thelasttwobandsaregroupedintoafifthbandgroup.Asixthbandgroupisalsodefinedwithinthespectrumofthefirstfour,consistentwithusagewithinworldwideregulatoryregulations.AMultiBandOrthogonalFrequencyDivisionModulation(MB-OFDM)schemeisusedtotransmitinformation.Atotalof110sub-carriers(100datacarriersand10guardcarriers)areusedperband.Inaddition,12pilotsubcarriersallowforcoherentdetection.Frequency-domainspreading,time-domainspreading,andforwarderrorcorrection(FEC)codingareprovidedforoptimumperformanceunderavarietyofchannelconditions.TheMACsublayerisdesignedtoenablemobility,suchthatagroupofdevicesmaycontinuecommunicatingwhilemergingorsplittingfromothergroupsofdevices.Tomaximizeflexibility,thefunctionalityofthisMACisdistributedamongdevices.ThesefunctionsincludedistributedcoordinationtoavoidinterferencebetweendifferentgroupsofdevicesbyappropriateuseofchannelsanddistributedmediumreservationstoensureQualityofService.TheMACsublayerprovidesprioritizedschemesforisochronousandasynchronousdatatransfer.Todothis,acombinationofCarrierSenseMultipleAccess(CSMA)andTimeDivisionMultipleAccess(TDMA)isused.ADistributedReservationProtocol(DRP)isusedtoreservethemediumforTDMAaccessforisochronousandothertraffic.Fornetworkscalability,PrioritizedContentionAccess(PCA)isprovidedusingaCSMAscheme.TheMAChaspoliciesthatensureequitablesharingofthebandwidth.Takentogether,thePHYandMACspecifiedinthisEcmastandardarewell-suitedtohighrate,zeroinfrastructurecommunicationsbetweenamixedpopulationofportableandfixedelectronicdevices.ThisInternationalStandardisnotintendedtorepresenttheregulatoryrequirementsofanycountryorregion.The2ndeditionaddsthefollowingforregulatoryflexibility:
AnadditionalTFIcodeAnadditionalBandGroupTonenullingforinterfenceavoidanceandrelaxestherequirementforBandgroup1relocatessomeassignednumberstoEcmaregisteriesonthewebsite.The3rdeditionaddsanInformationElementforBluetooth.ThisEcmaStandardhasbeenadoptedbytheGeneralAssemblyofDecember2008.Tableofcontents-i-1Scope12Conformance13NormativeReferences14TermsandDefinitions14.1accesscategory(AC)14.2beacongroup14.3beaconperiod(BP)14.4beaconperiodstarttime(BPST)14.5channel14.6dataintegrity24.7device24.8distributedreservationprotocol(DRP)24.9extendedbeacongroup24.10frame24.11frameprotection24.12MACClient24.13MACcommanddataunit(MCDU)24.14MACprotocoldataunit(MPDU)24.15MACservicedataunit(MSDU)24.16messageintegritycode(MIC)24.17neighbour24.18networkallocationvector(NAV)24.19prioritizedcontentionaccess(PCA)24.20pseudo-randomnumbergeneration24.21randomnumbergenerator34.22reservation34.23reservationblock34.24secureframe34.25stream34.26superframe34.27symmetrickey34.28transmissionopportunity(TXOP)34.29TXOPholder34.30userpriority35Notationalconventions3-ii-6Abbreviationsandacronyms37Generaldescription77.1PHYgeneraldescription77.2MACgeneraldescription77.2.1Generaldescriptionofthearchitecture77.2.2Deviceaddress87.2.3FeaturesassumedfromthePHY87.2.4OverviewofMACservicefunctionality97.2.5MUXsublayer137.2.6MACpolicies137.2.7Testvectors138PHYlayerpartitioning148.1PHYfunction148.2PLCPsublayer148.3PMDsublayer148.4PHYlayermanagemententity(PLME)149Descriptionofsignal149.1Mathematicalframework149.2Tone-Nulling1610PLCPsublayer1610.1PPDU1710.1.1PSDUrate-dependentparameters1910.1.2Timing-relatedparameters1910.1.3Frame-relatedparameters2010.2PLCPpreamble2010.2.1StandardPLCPpreamble2110.2.2BurstPLCPpreamble2310.3PLCPheader4510.3.1PHYheader4510.3.2Reed-SolomonoutercodeforthePLCPheader4910.3.3Headerchecksequence5210.4PSDU5210.4.1Padbits5310.5Datascrambler5410.6Tailbits5510.7Convolutionalencoder5510.8Bitinterleaving5910.9Constellationmapping6110.9.1QPSK6110.9.2Dual-carriermodulation(DCM)6210.10OFDMmodulation64-iii-10.10.1Implementationconsiderations6810.10.2Datasubcarriers6810.10.3Guardsubcarriers7210.10.4Pilotsubcarriers7211Generalrequirements7411.1Operatingbandfrequencies7411.1.1Operatingfrequencyrange7411.1.2Bandnumbering7411.2Channelization7511.3PHYlayertiming7911.3.1Interframespacing7911.3.2Receive-to-transmitturnaroundtime7911.3.3Transmit-to-receiveturnaroundtime8011.3.4Timebetweensuccessivetransmissions8011.3.5Bandfrequencyswitchtime8012Transmitterspecifications8012.1TransmitPSDmask8012.2Transmitcentrefrequencytolerance8112.3Symbolclockfrequencytolerance8112.4Clocksynchronization8112.5Phasecoherence8112.6Transmitpowercontrol8112.7Transmitterconstellationerror8213Receiverspecification8413.1Receiversensitivity8413.2ReceiverCCAperformance8513.3Linkqualityindicator8513.4ReceiveSignalStrengthIndicator8614Rangingandlocationawareness8614.1Rangingrequirements8614.2Rangingreferencesignal8614.3PHYrangingresources8614.4PHYrangingoperation8614.5Rangingcalibrationconstants8714.6Examplerangemeasurement(informative)8715PHYandMACserviceaccesspoints(informative)8815.1GenericMIBmanagementprimitives8915.1.1XX-GET.request9015.1.2XX-GET.confirm9015.1.3XX-SET.request91-iv-15.1.4XX-SET.confirm9115.2PHYSAPinterface9215.2.1Datatransfer9215.2.2PHYtransmissioncontrol9315.2.3PHYreceptioncontrol9515.2.4PHYCCAcontrol9815.3PLMESAPinterface9915.3.1PHYreset10115.3.2PHYrangingtimercontrol10115.4MACsublayermanagementprimitives10315.5MACmanagementinformationbase(MIB)10315.6MLMESAPinterface10315.6.1Reset10315.6.2Scan10415.6.3Beacontransmissionandreception10615.6.4IEmanagement11115.6.5PTKestablishment11315.6.6GTKsolicitation/distribution11615.6.7Temporalkeyupdate11915.6.8Securityviolationreport12115.6.9Pseudo-randomfunction(PRF)12215.6.10Application-specificIE(ASIE)management12315.6.11Multicastaddressbinding12615.6.12Linkevents12915.6.13Probe13315.6.14Hibernationandsleepcycle13615.6.15Higherlayersynchronizationsupport14115.6.16Reservationmanagement14315.6.17Connectionconfigurationprimitives15015.6.18Rangemeasurement15115.6.19Application-specificcommandmanagement15315.7MACSAPinterface15515.7.1MAC-DATA.request15715.7.2MAC-DATA.indication15715.7.3MAC-DATA.confirm15816MACframeformats15816.1Frameformatconventions15816.1.1Figures15816.1.2Octetorder15916.1.3Encoding15916.2GeneralMACframeformat15916.2.1Framecontrol16016.2.2DestAddr162-v-16.2.3SrcAddr16216.2.4Sequencecontrol16216.2.5Accessinformation16216.2.6Framepayload16316.2.7FCS16416.3Beaconframes16516.4Controlframes16616.4.1Immediateacknowledgement(Imm-ACK)16716.4.2Blockacknowledgement(B-ACK)16716.4.3Requesttosend(RTS)16816.4.4Cleartosend(CTS)16816.4.5UnusedDRPreservationannouncement(UDA)16816.4.6UnusedDRPreservationresponse(UDR)16916.4.7Application-specific16916.5Commandframes16916.5.1DRPreservationrequest17016.5.2DRPreservationresponse17116.5.3Probe17116.5.4Pairwisetemporalkey(PTK)17116.5.5Grouptemporalkey(GTK)17216.5.6Rangemeasurement17316.5.7Application-specific17516.6Dataframes17516.7Aggregateddataframes17516.8Informationelements17616.8.1Application-specificIE(ASIE)17816.8.2Application-specificprobeIE17816.8.3BeaconperiodoccupancyIE(BPOIE)17816.8.4BPswitchIE17916.8.5ChannelchangeIE18016.8.6Distributedreservationprotocol(DRP)IE18016.8.7DRPavailabilityIE18216.8.8HibernationanchorIE18216.8.9HibernationmodeIE18316.8.10IdentificationIE18316.8.11LinkfeedbackIE18516.8.12MACcapabilitiesIE18616.8.13Masterkeyidentifier(MKID)IE18716.8.14Multicastaddressbinding(MAB)IE18716.8.15PCAavailabilityIE18816.8.16PHYcapabilitiesIE18916.8.17ProbeIE19116.8.18RegulatoryDomainIE19116.8.19RelinquishrequestIE192-vi-16.8.20Tone-nulling(TN)IE19316.8.21Trafficindicationmap(TIM)IE19417MACsublayerfunctionaldescription19417.1Frameprocessing19517.1.1Frameaddresses19517.1.2Framereception19617.1.3Frametransaction19617.1.4Frametransfer19717.1.5Frameretry19717.1.6Inter-framespace(IFS)19717.1.7Duplicatedetection19817.1.8RTS/CTSuse19817.1.9MACheaderfields19917.1.10Informationelements20217.2Beaconperiod20517.2.1Beaconslotstate20617.2.2BPlength20617.2.3Beacontransmissionandreception20717.2.4Beaconslotcollisiondetection20817.2.5BPcontraction20917.2.6MergerofmultipleBPs21017.3Prioritizedcontentionaccess(PCA)21317.3.1PCAmediumavailability21417.3.2NAV21417.3.3Mediumstatus21417.3.4PCAparameters21417.3.5ObtainingaTXOP21517.3.6UsingaTXOP21617.3.7Invokingabackoffprocedure21717.3.8Decrementingabackoffcounter21917.4Distributedreservationprotocol(DRP)21917.4.1Reservationtype21917.4.2Mediumaccess22117.4.3DRPavailabilityIE22117.4.4DRPreservationnegotiation22117.4.5DRPreservationannouncements22317.4.6ResolutionofDRPreservationconflicts22317.4.7BPSTrealignmentandexistingDRPreservations22517.4.8ModificationandterminationofexistingDRPreservations22517.4.9
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