AuditinH OrHanizations ThrouHh a StrateHic-Systems Lens.docx
- 文档编号:30806222
- 上传时间:2024-01-30
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:75
- 大小:545.56KB
AuditinH OrHanizations ThrouHh a StrateHic-Systems Lens.docx
《AuditinH OrHanizations ThrouHh a StrateHic-Systems Lens.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《AuditinH OrHanizations ThrouHh a StrateHic-Systems Lens.docx(75页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
AuditingOrganizationsThroughaStrategic-SystemsLens
ThismonographisnotintendedtoconstituteanexhaustivecoverageofallofthepoliciesandprocedurescomprisingKPMG’sfullauditprocess,andhowitcomportswithgenerallyacceptedauditingstandards.
PDFfile
HTMLversion
Note:
·ForbestprintingresultspleaseprintthePDFfile.
·ToorderhardcopiesofthemonographpleasecontactPamBullisofKPMG(emailpbullis@orcall(201)307-7713.
TheKPMGBusinessMeasurementProcess
TimothyB.Bell
FrankO.Marrs
KPMGLLP
IraSolomon
HowardThomas
UniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-Champaign
ForewordbyWilliamR.Kinney,Jr.
Copyright1997
byKPMGLLP,theU.S.memberfirmof
KPMGInternational,aSwissassociation
Allrightsreserved.
Contents
Foreword
Preface
Introduction
CurrentAuthoritativeGuidanceAbouttheNeedtoUnderstandtheClient’sBusinessandIndustry
OverviewoftheEvolutionofAuditingPractices
AssessingAuditRiskThroughaStrategic-SystemsLens
TheGlobalBusinessEnvironment
AProposedKnowledgeAcquisitionFrameworkfortheRisk-BasedStrategic-SystemsAudit
TheKPMGBusinessMeasurementProcess
BusinessModels,KPIs,Expectations,andAuditEvidence
ConcludingComments
Appendix
References
AbouttheAuthors
Footnotes
Foreword
byWilliamR.Kinney,Jr.
Asthetwentiethcenturycomestoaclose,informationtechnologyhasbroughtdramaticchangestobusinessprocesses,tobusinessorganization,andeventoauditing.Thesechangesrequiremajorreconsiderationofwhatweknowaboutfinancial-statementaudittechnology.Thismonographpresentsthethinkingoftwoleadingpractitionersandtwoleadingscholarsonthefoundationsofauditingtechnologyforthetwenty-firstcentury.
Withchangesininformationtechnology,theinherentreliabilityofinformationsystemsforroutinetransactionsprocessingissubstantiallyincreased,controlsovertransactionsareincreasinglyembeddedinsoftware,andextensivedataonnonfinancialdimensionsofbusinessperformanceareeconomicalforaudituse.Butbecauseinformationtechnologyandderegulationhaveloweredbarrierstoentryinmanyindustries,acompanycanloseviabilityquickly,makingfinancialstatementslessreliablepredictorsofthefuture.Therefore,analysisofbusinessviabilityisanimportantdeterminantofthevalueofauditedfinancialstatements.
Thismonographmakesitclearthatbusinessviabilityandprofitabilityassessmentsareessentialelementsoffinancial-statementauditingtodayandforthetwenty-firstcentury.Theauthorsalsomakeitclearthattheviabilityofthewholeofabusinessismorethanthesumofitsparts.Theindividualfinancial-statementelementscanbevalid,yettheentityasawholenotbeviablebecauseofthecomplexinterdependenciescomprisingbusinessviability.Themonographfocusesonanalysesofstrategy,businessprocessestoachievestrategy,keyindicatorsnecessarytomonitorperformanceofbusinessprocessesinachievingstrategy,andrisksfacedbyanentity.
“Understandingtheclient’sbusiness”isnotanewconcept,andneitheristheideaofa“topdown”approachtofinancial-statementauditing.Referencestobothcanbefoundinthe1960sinauditmanualsoflargeCPAfirms.Whatisnewisaseriousattempttoprovideguidancetofieldauditorsapplyingtheseconcepts.Seriousthought,formalanalysisofanentity’sstrategy,andwhetheritcanbeachievedhavenotbeenfinancial-statementauditsteps.KPMG’sBusinessMeasurementProcess(BMP)approachmakescommonthistypeofthoughtfulanalysis.Theviabilityofabusinessisformallyconsidered,anditprovidesabasisforformingexpectationsaboutwhatshouldbethefinancial-statementbalancesfortheauditperiod.Ifanentityhasaviablestrategy,reasonableplans,effectiveinternalcontrol,andaccountbalancesthatareclosetoexpectations,thentheneedfordetailedauditingislimitedtoexceptionalitems.
Themonographincludesareviewofthehistoryofauditingpractice,howitischanging,andhowBMPsatisfiesauditingstandards.Inaddition,theauthorsprovidenumerousreferencestoconceptsoutsidetraditionalauditingthought.Thesereferencescanformabasisforresearchbyscholarsandpractitioners.Furthermore,themonographcontainsnumerousphrasesbeginningwith“webelieve.”Someofthe“webelieves”arestraightforwardandnotcontroversial.Othersarecontroversial,andshouldbesubjectedtosystematicinquiry.Tome,thisisamajorcontributionofthemonograph—itcanleadtothoughtfulresearchbyscholarsandpractitioners.
Themonographalsocontainsimplicationsforwhatshouldbetheaccounting,auditing,andbusinesscurriculumforthetwenty-firstcentury.Clearlyinformationtechnologywillbeimportant,aswillhowbesttomeasurekeyperformancefactors,includingnonfinancialmeasures.Inaddition,educationforassuranceservicesthatconsidersboththerelevanceandreliabilityofinformationfordecision-makers,andtherelationofinformationtostrategyandstrategyimplementationwillbeessential.
WilliamR.Kinney,Jr.
CharlesandElizabethProthroRegentsChairinBusiness
and
PriceWaterhouseAuditingFellow
GraduateSchoolofBusiness
UniversityofTexasatAustin
July14,1997
Preface
Organizationsarenowinterconnectingtotheirdiverseandrapidlychangingenvironmentsinwaysneverbeforeimagined.Forexample,informationaboutproducts,prices,inventoryonhand,shippingarrangements,customerservice,andforproducttroubleshootingcannowbeaccessedquicklyandeasilybycurrentandpotentialcustomersandsuppliersthroughorganizations’websites.Organizationsarebeginningtotransactbusinessinthepaperless“virtualwebworld”wheretheycanreducetheoverheadcostsassociatedwithtraditionalformsofcustomerinterface,e.g.,byreplacingphysicalretailstoresandsalespersonnelwithvirtualon-linestores.
Intheirquesttoprovidehigher-qualityproductsandservicesatlowercosts,someorganizationsaresheddingnoncoreprocesses,choosinginsteadtointerconnecttooutsideproviderswhocanservicetheorganizations’andcustomers’needsmoreefficientlyandeffectively.Strategicalliancesarebeingformedwithincreasingfrequencytoestablishneweconomicniches,e.g.,MicrosoftandNBC.Inmanyindustries,long-livedstrategiesandrelatedcompetitiveadvantagesthatonceservedorganizationswellarenolongerviable.Increasingly,managersarerecognizingthatintoday’srapidlychangingeconomytheymustcontinuouslyscantheirenvironmentsforexternalforcesthatthreatentheviabilityoftheircurrentstrategies.And,managersarebecomingincreasinglyawarethatforanorganizationtosurvive,managersnotonlymustbepreparedtoreorienttheirstrategiesonshortnotice,buttheorganizationmustbenimbleenoughtoadaptitstechnologiesandcoreprocessessothattheorganizationcanestablishapresenceinemergingnichesbeforeitscompetitors.
Oneconsequenceoftheacceleratingrateofchangeintheglobaleconomy,andoftheexpandingnumberandvarietyofinterdependenciesamongeconomicagents,isthatitisincreasinglyimportantforthefinancial-statementaudittobeconductedwiththerecognitionthattheclientorganizationisnotafree-standingentity.Justasonecannotremoveasinglepiecefromamosaicandderivemeaningfromit,onecannoteffectivelyremovetheclientorganizationfromthebroadereconomicwebofwhichitisapartandexpecttogainanaccurateunderstandingoftheentity’stransactionsanditsentity-levelperformanceandfinancialcondition.Thatis,whetheroneisspeakingaboutasinglepieceofamosaicorasetoffinancialstatements,fullunderstandingonlycanbeachievedbyastudyofthewhole“system.”
Inonesensethisthemeisnotnew.Authoritativeguidancehasformanyyearsrecognizedthatauditorsneedknowledgeoftheclientorganization’soperationsandindustry.Whatisnew,however,isthatthelevelofcomplexityandmyriadinterconnectionsinherentintoday’sglobaleconomyhavesignificantimplicationsfortherequisitescopeandroleofsuchknowledgeintheperformanceofafinancial-statementaudit.Inthismonographwepresentourideasabouttheseandotherfeaturesofthebusinessknowledgeneededtoperformtheauditinthenewmillennium,andweillustratehowtheseideascanbeoperationalizedbydescribingoneauditapproachthatembracesthem—KPMGLLP’sBusinessMeasurementProcess.
Weenvisionthreeprimaryaudiencesforthismonograph.First,themonographisintendedtocommunicatetotheacademiccommunitytheaforementionedideas.Importantly,however,theacademiccommunitywehopetoreachextendsbeyondaccountingandauditingtothefieldsofstrategy,systems,andmanagement.Ourhopeistoengagemembersofthesecommunitiessufficientlysothattheywillwanttoworkonfurtherdevelopingsomeoftheideascontainedinthemonograph.Second,themonographisintendedtocommunicatetoauditingpolicy-makersandtothebusinesscommunityatlargeourideasabouthowtechnologicalandrelatedchangesareaffectingtheauditapproachofaBig-6firm.Herethedesireistostimulateadialogueandultimatelyimprovethevalueofthefinancial-statementauditonaprofession-widebasis.Thethirdaudienceisstudents—futurepractitionersandconsumersofauditingservices.Itisourhopethatsomeoftheideascontainedinthemonographwillfindtheirwayintobusinessschoolcurricula,therebyinfluencinghowstudentsareintroducedtofinancial-statementauditing.
Wegratefullyacknowledgethevaluablefeedbackprovidedbythefollowingindividualsonearlierversionsofthismonograph:
ClifBrown,JohnChandler,FredNeumann,andDanStonefr
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- AuditinH OrHanizations ThrouHh StrateHic-Systems Lens StrateHic Systems
链接地址:https://www.bdocx.com/doc/30806222.html