医学英语词根.docx
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医学英语词根.docx
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医学英语词根
Suffix
Meaning
Example
-ac
pertaining to
属于,关于
cardiac:
pertaining to the heart
心脏(病)的
-al
pertaining to
medical:
pertaining to medicine
-ar
pertaining to
molecular:
pertaining to a molecule
分子的
-ary
pertaining to
belonging to
ciliary:
pertaining to the cilia
睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的
-ase
enzyme 酶
amylase:
any enzyme that converts starch to sugar 淀粉酶
-cle
smallness
小,少,贫乏,小气
follicle:
a small bodily cavity or sac
小囊,(头发的)毛囊
-e
an instrument 仪器
auriscope:
an instrument for examining the ear (检查耳朵用的)耳镜
-eal
pertaining to
laryngeal:
pertaining to the larynx
喉的, 喉音的
-ia
condition; quality
phobia:
abnormal fear 恐惧,害怕
-ic
pertaining to
toxic:
pertaining to toxin
有毒的;因中毒引起的
-ics
study of; name of a science
paediatrics:
study of children, their development and diseases 儿科学
-ine/in
substance 物质
insulin:
substance (hormone) produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas
胰岛素
-ism
process or condition
alcoholism:
excessive drinking of alcohol which becomes addictive 酒精中毒
-ist
one who specializes in
精通于……的人
pharmacologist:
a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 药理专家
-itis
inflammation refers to a part in
……部位的炎症
rhinitis:
inflammation of the nasal passages
鼻炎,鼻粘膜炎
-(i)um
relation to a whole; related to
与……相关
endometrium:
inner lining of the uter子宫内膜
-ive
characterizes by
antitussive:
a drug that suppresses coughing
止咳药
-let
tiny; small
droplet:
a tiny drop 小滴
-ment
the result or product of an action
development:
thing which develops or is being developed; action of becoming mature
-oid
resembling; like
像
mucoid:
resembling mucus
粘液样的
-ole
little; small
centriole:
the small dense structure in the middle of the centrosome
细胞中心粒;中心体
-oma
tumor; swelling refers to a doer
dermatofibroma:
fibrous tumor of the skin
皮肤纤维瘤
-or/-er
either a person or thing
receptor:
a sensory nerve ending that responds to various stimuli感受器,受体
-ory
characterized by; pertaining to
suspensory:
which is hanging down
悬吊式,悬带
-ose
sugar
fructose:
fruits sugar found in honey and some fruit 果糖
-osis
abnormal condition
onychocryptosis:
abnormal condition of a hidden nail 嵌甲
-ous
pertaining to
poisonous:
pertaining to poison; also containing poison 有毒的,分泌毒素的
-somes
bodies
ribosome:
the body of nucleic acid核糖体
-um
structure; thing; substance
结构,物质
magnesium:
a white metallic chemical substance 镁(金属元素)
-y
condition; act; process
dystrophy:
disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 营养不良
The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixes
Suffix
Meaning
Example
-algia
pain; painful; condition
arthralgia:
pain in a joint 关节痛
--ase
enzyme
protease:
digestive enzyme 蛋白酶
-blast
embryo胚,胚胎,人类胚胎
hemocytoblast:
blast cell 血胚细胞,原始血细胞
-carcinoma
malignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相关组织的恶性肿瘤
adenocarcinoma:
malignant tumor developing from glandular tissue 腺癌
-cele
protrusion; distention突出;膨胀,延伸
esophagocele:
abnormal distention of the esophagus 食管突出
-centesis
surgical puncture 手术穿孔
paracentesis:
surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺术
-capnia
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
acapnia:
absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏
-cide
kill
germicide:
(substance) which can kill germs
杀菌剂
-clast
cell
phagocyte:
cell, especially a white blood cell, which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞
-dynia
pain
glossodynia:
pain in the tongue 舌痛
-ectasia/
-ectasis
expansion; dilation(膨胀,扩张)
atelectasis:
incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth 肺不张
-ectomy
surgical excision or removal of
gastrectomy:
surgical removal of the stomach胃切除术
-edema
excessive accumulation of serous fluid 水肿
myxoedema:
condition caused when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病,粘液水肿
-emia
blood condition
leukemia:
any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal number of leucocytes form in the blood 白血病
-emesis
vomiting 呕吐
hematemesis:
the vomiting of blood 咯血;吐血
-gen
something that produced or prouduces
pathogen:
a microorganism or agent capable of producing disease 病菌,病原体
-genesis
production 生产
spermatogenesis:
formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes精子发生
-globin
protein蛋白质
hemoglobin:
an iron-containing protein produced by erythrocytes 血红素
-gnosis
knowledge
diagnosis:
the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and examination
-gram
image; picture
electrocardiogram:
a graphic record of the electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart disease.
Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram
心电图
-graph(y)
process of recording
记录过程
electocardiography:
the process of making or recording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography 心电图记录
-iasis
condition; state
情况,状况
cholelithiasis:
the formation of gallstones 胆石症
-iatry/
-iatrics
healing, frequently refers to a
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