完形填空专题10法.docx
- 文档编号:30752282
- 上传时间:2023-08-20
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:6
- 大小:20.66KB
完形填空专题10法.docx
《完形填空专题10法.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《完形填空专题10法.docx(6页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
完形填空专题10法
完形填空专题10法
完形填空专题10法解题步骤
1)跳读首尾句,判断文体,预测主题。
一般来讲,高考完形填空的首、尾句是不挖空的,先跳读这两句
2)通读全文,把握大意。
做完形填空时要注意文章开头提示句的点题作用和短文中完整句的启示作用。
)逐句细读,确定选项。
大致把握了全文的大意和作者的意图之后,就可以根据上下文,选取与文意最贴切的选项。
此时,应遵循先易后难的原则,对有把握的选项“一锤定音”。
对没有把握的选项不妨先放一放,接着往下看,往往会出现“柳暗花明”的情况。
4)再次阅读,复查答案。
复查时从意义和语法两个角度考虑,着眼于全篇。
上述三步可概括为:
一步粗读寻思路,二步细读选答案,三步复读纠错误
2.解题方法
一、首句概览法
完形填空的短文一般不给标题,且首句往往不设空,即首句是一个完整的句子。
做题时,要认真读懂这个句子,可以根据它判断出文章的大意或主题,这样有助于后面的填空,尤其是一些语境性较强的空格,需要结合文章的主题来判断。
二、语境推测法
近几年高考英语完形填空题的最大特点是——重点考查语境。
所谓语境,就是指文章的上下文,它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。
所以考生在做题时,一定要从整体上把握文章内容,区分文章的结构层次和文章的内在逻辑关系,同时认真比较所给选项,并从中选最符合语境的答案。
如:
●Iwouldgleoflarkedwith“Funny”ifweneededacha“Disabled”boxtofindadvleinwheelchairsor______inbedlivinghappilyandsuccessfully.(江苏卷)
A.muchB.neverC.evenD.seldom
●Bobhadjustmadea“dcontract(合同)”—declaringthatfor70dauwouldaurchildrenandallthehousework.Althoughhedidn’tevenknowhowtomawgned,hewasvdent….After400days,hewasreadytogiveup.“Iwasbeatendown,“admitsBob.“Notonlda2taablejobforanynormalhumanbeing.”…AB.setabouaboutD.takeover
2.A.strangeB.pleasantC.difficultD.serious
三、常识推断法
语境的判断在许多情况下需借助常识的判断,所以考生在做题时还应充分结合自己作为一名中学生所应该具备的常识进行合理推测。
不过也请注意,作者如果用了but,however之类的表示转折的词语,情况则可能完全相反,如人累了却不休息;车在转弯时,速度却偏要加快等。
如:
●Wefeel___1___andfallasleepatnightandbecome___2___andenergeticduringtheday.(全国卷)A.dullB.tiredC.dreamyD.peaceful
2.A.regularB.excitedC.livelyD.clear
●Butweransomuchthat,afterwards,wehadtroublA.speakingB.sleepingC.breathingD.moving
四、根据语篇标志
语篇标志是指能表明各个句群或段落之间的内在联系的词语。
如表示结构层次的语篇标志有firstldly,thirdly,finally等;表示逻辑关系的词语有us,but,however等;表示递进关系的词语有even,besides,what’smore等;表示时间关系的词语有before,aar等;表示选择关系的or,whether…or…等。
根据这些语篇标志,我们就可以迅速弄清上下文的关系,理清文章的脉络层次,从而作出正确的选择。
如:
●Fall,Idhisdevaching…______,Iadmiredthefactthathewouldtalktostudentsoutsidetheclaalk…Finally,Iwasattractedbyhislivelumor.(全国卷)
A.LaterB.SecondlweverD.T●Whatlaughing2wehadabouablemethodformovingspaglauIwantedtowriteaboutthat,butIwanteddownsimplwFleaglaIwouldwgelAallyB.ProbablyC.SuddenlyD.Fortunately
五、习语搭配法
英语中,一些固定的句型和短语结构既是学习的难点,也是完形填空的常考考点。
同学们做题时应注意所填空之词与空格前后词语的习惯搭配。
如:
●Istartedsurfingaboutfiveyearsagoand______inlovewvday.(北京春季卷)
A.stayedB.cameC.droppedD.fell
●xamplatly-dressedwomanIused--orlookat--onmywaytoworkeag.
A.MakeB.TakeC.GiveD.Have
六、同义转换法
为使文章生动,作者对于文章中出现的相同意思,往往会用不同的方式来表达。
做题时,同学们若能认识到这一点,并充分利用自己已掌握的语言知识,结合文章的上下文,进行适当的同义转换,那么问题往往会变得很容易。
如:
●Asitturnedout,mylittlepublicationwbudent,anationalmagaungpeoplU.K.MywifeandIhavetwochildren,andI’dlwearebringingthemuamewayDad______me.(山东卷)
AlledBddedD.raised
七、结构对比法
在做完形填空题时,有时会遇到两个结构十分相似的句子,此时同学们应认真比较其结构特点,或根据其相似性推断空格处所填之词,或根据文章的上下文语境判断两个(或几个)相似结构之间的逻辑关系。
如:
●Irealizedstrengthandcouragearen’talwaysmeasuredinmedalsandvbuugglesweovercome(战胜).Tglearenotalwalewhowin,______lewhodon’tgiveupwlose.(天津卷)
A.orBandD.but
●Twatersupplyforecastisbasedwa______thabelow.(辽宁卷)
A.cloudsBairD.above
八、重复暗示法
有的空格根据所在句的句意或附近上下文的语境我们无法作出正确的选择,要想作出正确判断,同学们应特别注意空格前后所出现的相关词语,尤其注意找出其中重复出现的暗示性词语。
如:
●FourstudBurlingtonCollegeofHigherEducationabelltow______havemadeudgthebellwoweeksasa(抗议)againstheavytruckswhichrundayandnightthroughthenarrowHig(全国卷)
A.collegeB.villagwnD.chu●Butthenagain,wouldtherebeachairinRoo16?
Orwoulditbea(n)______room?
A.smallBwD.neat
九、语法分析法
尽管近几年的高考英语完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解,很少考查纯语法知识,但是借助一定的语法分析来帮助理解句子、推测语境、判断搭配等,这却是必不可少的。
所以,考生在遇到复杂的句子结构时,应充分利用所学语法知识进行分析,以帮助理解。
如:
●Shelivame______shelived27yearsago—althoughinaabl(四川卷)
A.lifeBuseD.way
十、先易后难法
考生在做题时,应尝试使用先易后难的方法。
顺着文章思路,根据自己对文章的理解,一边读一边把容易做的、有把握的先做好,对于一时没有把握的难题,可以暂时跳过去或初拟一个答案,说不定后面会有对这道题的提示。
把容易的做好后,文章空格也随之减少,整篇文章的意思也就会变得更清晰,这时难题也许就会变为易题了。
总之,完形填空解题时要注意运用适当的技巧,克服急躁心理,试着从上下文角度、文化背景角度、生活常识角度、惯用法和固定搭配及语法和词义角度等多角度来进行分析,也就是把多种方法结合起来。
更重要的是完形填空题要想取得高分,必须经过大量的练习,在实战中运用解题思路和方法,加强阅读,培养语感,积累词汇,打下扎实的基本功
3.牛刀小试awaterareveryshallow.Bulavery______
A.deepB.highC.coldD.dangerous
2’Neillasked_________quandshedidn’tscoldu A.noB.certainC.manyDHere’safellowwhojustwalkedintoabankandhelpedhimself_______somu A.forB.bDIhearda________likethatofadoorburstinandthenaclimb A.soundBvoiceD.shouAndvideocamerascanbeusedto_____people’sactionsa A.keepB.madD.waIthasbeenmanyyeaIwaslastinLondon____stillremembgthathappenedduringthatv A.andBbutD.a(Immediately)umpedarsandrushedtothe_____hospital.
A.animalB.bigglantD.nea“Asamaact,I’vegatthisvwhomight___49___.”Shewrotedownanumber,andhelditouaying:
“Ringupthislady.Shewantsadiately.Infact,youwouldhavetostawbgadle.”
49.A.hireB.auitDIadmiredthefactthathewouldtalktostudentsoutsidetheclaalkw___44___thetel 44.A.withB.bD0.AlthoughIlaaneightyearsago,Ihavg___37___qualities.Fall…
37.A.basicB.specialD.particulaFall,Idhisdevaching…___43___,Iadmiredthefactthathewouldtalktostudentsoutsidetheclaalk…Finally,Iwasattractedbyhislivelu 43.ALaterB.SecondlyC.howeverD.T2.Hewasreadingmywordsoutloudlass…thewholeclasswaslaughingw-heartedIdidmybw___53___,butwhatIwasfeelingwaspurehappiness…
53.AB.wonderC.worryD.pleasu“CanI?
Idon’Ican,”Tracysaidwithalaugh.“Butldohave___46___wgason.”A.eventsB.chalingsDTheyaleinapovuntry.____nowtheyhaveanextrasou(收入).
A.ButB.AndC.HoweverD.T“Itdoesn’tmake1,”saidldermusicmillionaires,whomadeamilliondollarsayearwhenhewaspopula0s.“aren’twdInfact,2is.”AB.progD2.A.everybodyB.nobodbodyD.anybodTbeginsbyselectingone2ofart.Aftergivingusaquickbackgroundawillopenupforcla2.A.bookB.passageC.textD.wA.discussionB.activityC.argumentD.considera…….ButIwasgoingalongcheerfullgaboutthedinnerIwouldeatwhenIalisbuA.reachedB.arrivedC.gotD.ledDadlookedatmeagain.“Whenyoudidn’tturnup,Icalledthegaragetoawereany1,andldmeyouhadn’dupthecar.”A.quB.problakesD.fauludentsgenerallyappreciaal50opportuTheyarealmostalwaysfunandg,andbecausestudentslearnsomuchinjustafew0.A.workingB,livingC.teachingD.learningA.holdB.likeC.dislikeD.discover
20.Iclimbedthestairsslowly,carryingabigsuitcaatherfollowingwithtwBIgdfloor,Iwas1andthesalinglonely.Wll,Dad2astepandfell,sendingmynewsuitcase3dowaA.helplessB.lazyC.anxiousD.tired
2.A.tookB.mindeddD.pickedA.rollingB.passingC.droppingD.turning
21.ButEllaFant,whowasfiledwutedavoice,〝Lookat2﹗They‘realloux﹗Isn’best﹗〞1.A.sadnessB.haurpriseD.reg2.A.themBatDA.sightB.orddD22.Itwasanearlginsummer.Ileepy-eyedpeopleweremovingquickly,headingtowardThiswasthebeginningofanother2dayinNewA.jobsBbusesD2.A.workingB.hot C.same D.ordinary
23.DadtaughtmealotaboutlallyitshardIrememberedghtwhenIwasreadytoquit(退出)apoliticalcampaign(运动)Iwaslosing,andwroteaboudiary.Tired,feeling2,IwentuudytomaA.classesB.adviceC.lessonsD.tal2.A.struggleB.workingC.battleD.d24.HarryFieldalsostudyingbiologysaidtheywantedtomakeasmuch1aspossibl2torealizewhateverybodywashavingABubleD2.A.townpeopleBudgovalsD.truckdrivA.standB.awD.share
25.Maars1likeGraceSlickandTuatour,pabills,andbuynewtoys.2wdmoneyagadoaTheysave4__moneyandlivandtomouA.playB.livD.behave
2.A.ButB.ThenC.AndDB.tourC.travelD.jouA.noB.muD.pl真题演练
Therewasavalteacherwhomadeafar–reachingdlFalldayofclassatBethesdaChevyChaseHighSchoolwasabouttobegin.“Who”,IaskedaNamara,my10thgradeEnglishteacher?
Hejust__31__andsaidgaboutmybeingin__32__UnderstoodwhathemeaNamarahadapa___33__thaatedagainandagain,wewouldhavealiteraturereadingtaskfor_34__Thenextday,whenwecametoclawouldbetwblackboardworkreading.Wewwriteanin-classessayabouThefollowingdawould___37__dandgradedessaysandeawouldbecalled___38__tostandlassandto_____39____ay.Theclasswererequired(评论)thatessay___40__thegradeofevlasswouldbereduced
TatI_41__herread-wdIhadnot___42todworkandhadwgwithoutknowingwhatitmeant____43__theexbarrassmentIsuffered,standingblassmates____44___myself.Noonelaughedawouldbe___45____enorglishenough,todothaNamara’sclass.Theembarraa___46_____andalongwameastrong____47__nottoletithappenagaNamarakeptallofourwrittenwles.Itwasea___48__inwritingthathadoccurred.Whatwaawaansformationthathadtakenpeace,atleaWhaNamar____49____metodowalfaand,havingdonethat,Icouldimprovemyself.And_____50__,ThankyouNamaraA.noddedB.laughedC.apologizedD.shouted
32.A.troubleB.sorrowC.dangerD.angA.behaviorB.evaluationC.activityD.thougA.reviewBaacticeD.homewA.addedB.relatedbutedD.advisedA.expectedB.persuadedC.allowedD.advisedA.collectB.retudD.receivA.onpurposeB.abychanceD.intuA.talkthroughB.handoverC.readoutD.show0.A.soB.andC.butDA.triedB.adoptedC.examinedD.exd
42.A.undertakenB.attemptedC.examinedD.exdA.rememberB.attemptedC.botheredD.hesitatedA.playingB.makingafoolgatraD.takingadvantagA.braveB.careludD.selA.aboveB.wbehindD.belowA.tendencyBdeterminationDA.improvementsB.painsC.difficultiesD.advantag0.A.didB.couldC.hadD.would
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 填空 专题 10