Zxiezd雅思大作文大纲.docx
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Zxiezd雅思大作文大纲.docx
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Zxiezd雅思大作文大纲
生命是永恒不断的创造,因为在它内部蕴含着过剩的精力,它不断流溢,越出时间和空间的界限,它不停地追求,以形形色色的自我表现的形式表现出来。
--泰戈尔
2006/1/7
Peoplebelievethattheyshouldbeabletokeepallthemoneytheyearnandshouldnotpaytaxtothestate.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?
For:
1.Thetaxationofthegovernmentrequirestaxdollarsfromourpockets–livinguswithlessdisposabledollarstospendonselfseveringuses.
Against:
1.Taxationhasfourmainpurposesoreffects:
Revenue,Redistribution
2.Thegovernmentwillhavenofundstospendonroad,schools,hospitalsandotherinfrastructure;thissituationwilldefinitelyleadtothedisorderofoursocietyeventually.
3.Thesecondhastodowiththeredistribution.Normally,thismeanstransferringwealthfromtherichersectionsofsocietytopoorersections.Ifnoonepaystax,therichkeepgettingricherandthepoorpoorer.Consequently,polarizationwillemerge.Thissituationwillposeathreattothestabilizationofoursociety.Thetaxincreasesinthedirectproportiontotheamountyouearn.
2006/1/14
Therearesocial,medical,andtechnicalproblemsassociatedwiththeuseofmobilephones.Whatformsdotheytake?
Doyouagreethattheproblemsoutweighthebenefitsofthemobilephone?
For:
1.Mobilephonesuseelectromagneticradiationinthemicrowaverange,andsomeinvestigationconductedviabodyresearch(includenon-humananimalsandhumans)believethisradiationisharmfultohumanhealth.
2.Someindividualstalkwithotherpeopleloudlythroughtheirmobilephoneinpublicplaces,therebydisturbingotherpeoplewhostayaroundthem.
3.Someadolescentsaremadaboutsendingmassagesviamobilephones,theaddictionwhichwilldefinitelyhavenegativeeffectsontheirperformanceinschools.
Against:
1.Usingcellphonesenableindividualstocontactwithothersimmediatelywhenevertheywant.
2006/1/21
Atpresent,sciencehasbeendevelopingatahighspeed,butpeoplestillhaveahighopinionofartists.Whatcantheartstellusofthelifethatsciencecannot?
(GRE337)
Arts:
1.Thetruevalueofacivilizedsocietyisreflectedinitsartisticcreationsratherthaninitsscientificaccomplishments.
2.Thefunctionandultimateobjectivesofartisthatartservestoliftthehumanspiritandtoputusmoreintouchwithourfeelings,foibles,andfate–inshort,withourownhumanity.
3.Greatpaintings,musicandliteratureareabletoexertgreatinfluenceonpeoplebyshowingthemrepresentationsofgoodorbadinsociety,andhelpingthemknowandunderstandsocietyclearly.
4.Anartist’sinspirationandcreativeworksreflectthefullhistoryofhumanbeings.
Science:
1.Withoutscience,wearelikeaneaglewithoutwings:
wehavedreamsandambitions,butcannotrealizethem.
2006/2/11
Inmanycountries,theproportionofolderpeopleissteadilyincreasing.Doesthistrendhavemorepositiveornegativeeffectsonthesociety?
Positive:
1.In21stcentury,withmodernmedicaltechniquesadvancingrapidly,numerousdiseaseswhichwereconsideredasincurableseveralyearagocanbeconqueredeasilynow.
2.Thedevelopmentofmoderntechnologyhasbeenraisingthelivingstandardsofthepeopleofthewholeworld.
3.Theeconomiceffectsofanageingpopulationareconsiderable.Olderpeopleoftenhavehigheraccumulatedsavingsperheadthanyoungerpeople,butmaybespendinglessonconsumergoods.Anageingpopulationmaythusresultinlowerinterestratesandtheeconomicbenefitsoflowerinflation.
4.随着现代医学的进步,以前被认为是不治之症的疾病现在也可以被治愈了。
科技的发展,让人类生活的更轻松,舒适和安全,人类的平均寿命比以前高出很多。
Negative:
1.Wearenowconfrontedwiththeproblemofincreasingratioofseniorcitizens.
2.Iconcedethatitistheobligationanddutyofthegovernmenttosupporttheoldpeopleoftheirnation.Afterall,citizenshavepaidtaxestothegovernment.Yet,lookingafteranexcessivenumberofelderlypeoplewillcostexorbitantamountofmoneyofpublicrevenue,therebyinreturnburdeningthepeoplewithheavytaxes.
3.Howeverpopulationagingalsoincreasessomecategoriesofexpenditure,includingsomemetfrompublicfinances.Thelargestareaofexpenditureinmanycountriesisnowhealthcare,whosecostislikelytoincreasedramaticallyasthepopulationages.Thiswouldpresentgovernmentswithhardchoicesbetweenhighertaxes,includingapossiblereweighingoftaxfromearningstoconsumption,andareducedgovernmentroleinprovidinghealthcare.
4.Feweryoungpeoplewouldprobablycontinueintohighereducationastheywouldbeindemandaspartoftheworkforce,thetrendwhichhasdetrimentalinfluenceuponthesocietyasawhole.
5.人类活的更长,婴儿的存活率也更高。
但是,越来越多的家庭不愿意生孩子,或是不愿意多生孩子。
这导致了theproblemofpopulationageing.
6.照顾更多的老人需要巨大的政府,这导致政府只能通过增加税收来解决问题,但是加重的人们的经济负担。
2006/2/18
Somepeoplebelievethatairtravelshouldberestrictedbecauseitcausesseriouspollutionandusesuptheworld'sfuelresources.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?
For:
1.Idoconcedethatairtransportationproducespollutanttotheenvironmentandisawasteofnaturalresources.Afterall,whenfossilfuelsareburnedtoproduceenergy,carbondioxideisreleased.Carbondioxideisoneofthegasesthatcausethegreenhouseeffect.Furthermore,Mostofourfossilfuelsupplywascreatedmillionsofyearsago,andtheearthhasonlyalimitedamountofthesefuelsandhumansareusingthemupveryfast.However,itisnotairtravelsthatleadtosevereenvironmentproblemsandthecrisisofresources.Infact,thecausesofsuchpressingsocialproblemsvary.Comparedwithinnumerouscars,powerplants,andfactoriesofheavyindustry,thedetrimentalinfluenceupontheworldcausedbyairvehiclescanbeignored.
Against:
1.Ontheotherhand,airtransportationhasmadeourtripmorecomfortableandlesstime-consuming.
2.Additionally,withthemoderntechnologyadvancingrapidly,ourdescendentswillobtaintheabilitytocopewiththeseenduringproblems,suchasresourcesandwaterscarcity.Therefore,wehavenochoicebuttoleaveforouroffspringsometroubleissueswecouldnothandle.
20080424
Advertisingreflectsthehighsalesbutnottherealneedsofthesociety.Doyouagreeordisagreetowhatextend?
For:
1.Nowadays,inourconsumer-orientedandpragmaticsociety,advertisementsaregreatlycommanding.
2.Theobjectiveofmanyadvertisementsistomakeconsumerswanttobuygoodssothattheywillbelikethepersoninthead.Thispracticeisalwayseffectivebecauseitnotonlysalesproductsbutalsohelpspeoplefellbetteraboutthemselves.
3.人们买产品,有时是因为看到广告上的该产品很精美,一时冲动就买了。
Against:
1.每个人都有判断能力。
人们只有需要的时候才会把钱从口袋里掏出来,去买东西。
2.广告只是一种宣传的形式,它让人们更方便的了解到新产品的信息。
新款的服装要比旧款的服装好看,人们穿新衣服可以获得幸福快感,这是人们的一种精神需求。
Euphoria。
20080329
Somethinkthegovernmentshouldresponsibleforensuringthepeopleofthecountrythathavehealthylifestyles.Othersthinkweshouldmakeourownlivingdecisions.Discussbothopinionsandgiveyouropinion.
Government:
1.保证公民的健康生活方式并不是政府当然的和必要的职责。
Urgingcitizenstoliveinthehealthylifestyleisneitheranappropriatenoranecessaryfunctionofgovernment.是公民自己,而并不是政府,决定了个人应该如何生活。
如果政府制定法律法规来限制/干涉interferewith公民的生活自由,那就是violatethehumanrights.
2.健康的生活方式很难定义。
什么样的生活才是健康的?
没有人能够确切的回答,因为人与人之间的差别很大。
一种生活方式对一个人来说可能是健康的,但对另外一个人来说,可能就不是了。
政府是没有能力确保为每个公民设计一个健康的生活方式。
任何一个有文化的人如果不是这么想的话,那他就是在设想一个乌托邦式的社会。
Utopian.
Citizens:
1.每个人的生活习惯不一样。
但是每个人都有判断能力,一个正常人知道如何才能让自己生活的更健康。
即使是小孩子,也会有大人指导。
不需要政府的帮助,如果需要,人们会自己提出来。
20080308
Thenumberofcarskeepsincreasing,roadsystemsshouldbeexpanded.Somepeoplethinkthegovernmentshouldpayforit.Somepeoplethinkthecarownersshouldpayforit.Whatisyouropinion?
Government:
1.修建、维护公共交通、医疗等基础设施,是政府当然和必要的职责。
Itistheappropriateandnecessaryfunctionofgovernmenttoconstructandmaintenancepublictransportation,medicalfacilitiesandotherinfrastructures.
2.公民已经交过了税,政府不应该再次从他们口袋里掏钱去修路。
Citizenshavepaidtaxestothegovernment;therefore,thegovernmentfundingshouldnotrequiretaxdollarsfrompublic’spocketstopaveroads.Otherwise,tensionandconflictsbetweencitizensandauthoritieswillbeintensified,therebyendangeringthestabilityandharmonyofthesociety.
Carowners:
1.是大量的私家车占用了车道和停车场。
私家车主拥有了方便,但是产生了交通拥挤。
选择公共交通出行的人忍受着恶劣的交通环境。
所以,让有车的人为修路买单也是合理的。
但是如果让他们一个群体单独承受费用,就像有些人声称的一样,是不明智的。
Accordingly,itrequiresamajoractofwilltothinkofXXXXXXasbothnormalandhavingavaluableeconomicfunction.
20080301
Mostcountriesspendmuchmoneyoneducation,astheystarttorealizetheimportanceofeducation.Inyouropinionwhichtwosubjectsdoyouthinkismoreimportantandwhichoneislessimportant.Pleasegiveyouranswers.
Subjects:
Literature
Sports
Mathematics
Economy
Physics
History
Music
Geography
ForLiterature:
1.Literatureistheartofwrittenworks;itisthecreamofhumanlanguages,whichhaveservedasthenecessaryfoundationsonwhichallotherintellectualinquiryhasrested.Hitherto,literatureisrelatedwithalmostallareasofhumanendeavor.Infact,querywhetherascientistwhohasneverattendedliteratureclassandneverlearnedhowtoexpresshisidealscouldwriteasuccessfulscientificessay,orwhetheritcanbeconsidered“essay”atall.
2.Literatureisalsotheessenceofcultures.文化的表现方式很多,但是文学是文化的重要表现形式之一。
学习各个国家的文学不但可以broadenstudents’horizons,butalsohelptomaintainculturaldiversity.
Againstsports:
1.和其他学科相比,sports就不是那么重要了。
第一,国家的教育资金预算有限,尤其是发展中国家,他们更应该把有限的资源利用到文化知识的教育上去。
第二,Iamnotsayingthatsportsaretotallyinsignificantintermsofeducation.学校可以为学生留出课余时间,让学生自己锻炼身体。
20080223
是说很多国家因为运输业的发展而从世界各地进口食物,问你这样的发展有好处还是坏处。
For:
1.从其他国家进口食品。
有利于本国食品工业的发展。
随着运输业的发展,在国与国之间进行贸易运输的成本越来越低,进口的食品竞争力加大。
促使本地的食品产业加快发展,以应对竞争。
使整个行业受益。
2.有的食品本国无法生产。
因为受各方面条件的制约,比如科技,气候等等,有些食品在有的国家无法生产出来,或是根本无法满足社会的
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