职称英语真题理工类C级.docx
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职称英语真题理工类C级.docx
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职称英语真题理工类C级
2009年度全国职称外语等级考试试卷
英 语
理工类C级
第1部分:
词汇选项(第1—15题,每题1分,共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线.请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1I’dverymuchliketoknowwhatyouraiminlifeis.
Athought
Bidea
Cgoal
Dplan
2Thepolicemenactedquicklybecauseliveswereatstake
Aindanger
Bindifficulty
Cindespair
Doutofcontrol
3Practicallyallanimalscommunicateeitherthroughsoundsorthroughsoundlesscodes.
ACertainly
BProbably
CAlmost
DAbsolutely
4MaryrarelyspeakstoSusan
Aslowly
Bseldom
Cweakly
Dconstantly
5l’mworkingwithaguyfromLondon
Ateacher
Bstudent
Cfriend
Dman
6You’dbetterputthesedocumentsinasafeplace
Adark
Bsecure
Cguarded
Dbanned
7Thecourageousboyhasbeenthesubjectofmassivemediacoverage
Aextensive
Bcontinuous
Cinstant
Dquick
8Thetownisfamousforitsmagnificentbuildings
Ahigh-rise
Bmodern
Cancient
Dsplendid
9Thegreatchangeofthecityastonishedallthevisitors
Asurprised
Bscared
Cexcited
Dmoved
10Jackpackedupallthethingshehadaccumulatedoverthelasttenyears
Afuture
Bfar
Cpast
Dnear
11Wouldyoupleasecallmyhusbandassoonaapossible?
Avisit
Bphone
Cconsult
Dinvite
12Wehadalongconversationaboutherparents.
Aspeech
Bquestion
Ctalk
Ddebate
13Thechairmanproposedthatwestopthemeeting
Astated
Bannounced
Cdemanded
Dsuggested
14Obviouslythesepeoplecanbereliedinacrisis
Alivedon
Bdependedon
Cbelievedin
Djoinedin
15ThereisalwaysexcitementattheOlympicGameswhenanathlete.breaksarecord
Abeats
Bmaintains
Cmatches
Dtries
第2部分:
阅读判断(第16~22题,每题1分,共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C。
RadiocarbonDating
Nowadaysscientistscananswermanyquestionsaboutthepastthroughatechnique
calledradiocarbon(放射性碳).orcarbon-14,datingOnekeytounderstandinghowand
whysomethinghappenedistodiscoverwhenithappened
Radiocarbondatingwasdevelopedinthelatel940sbyphysicistWillardFLibbyat
theUniversityofChicagoAnatomofordinarycarboncalledcarbon-12hassixprotons
(质子)andsixneutrons(中子)initsnucleus(原子核)Carbon-14,orC-14,isaradioactiveunstableformofcarbonthathastwoextraneutrons.Itreturnstoemorestableformofcarbonthroughaprocesscalleddecay(衰减)Thisprocessinvolvesthelossoftheextraneutronsandenergyfromthenucleus
InLibby’sradiocarbondatingtechnique,theweakradioactiveemissions(放射)fromthisdecayprocessarecountedbyinstrumentssuchasaradiationdetectorandcounter.ThedecayrateisusedtodeterminetheproportionofC-14atomsinthesamplebeingdated
Carbon-14isproducedintheEarth’satmospherewhennitrogen(氨)-14.orN-14,interactswithcosmicrays(宇宙射线)ScientistsbelievesincetheEarthwasformed,theamountofnitrogenintheatmospherehasremainedconstantConsequently,C-14formationisthoughttooccurataconstantrateNowtheratioofC-14toothercarbonatomsintheatmosphereisknownMostscientistsagreethatthisratioisusefulfordatingitemsbacktoatleast50.000years
AlllifeonEarthismadeoforganicmolecules(分子)thatcontaincarbonatomscomingfromtheatmosphereSoalllivingthingshaveaboutthesameratioofC-14atomstoothercarbonatomsintheirtissues(组织)Onceanorganism(有机体)diesitstopstakingincarboninanyform,andtheC-14alreadypresentbeginstodecayOvertimetheamountofC-14inthematerialdecreasesandtheratioofC-14toothercarbonatomsgoesdownIntermsofradiocarbondating.thefewerC-14atomsinasample,theolderthatsampleis.
16Nowadaysmanyscientistsdependonradiocarbonfordatingage-oldobjects
ARight
BWrong
CNotmentioned
17Theradiocarbondatingtechniqueisonlyabout40yearsold
ARight
BWrong
CNotmentioned
18Anatomofordinarycarbonhassixprotonsandeightneutrons
ARight
BWrong
CNotmentioned
19Radarisusedtodeterminethecharacteristicsofradiocarbon
ARight
BWrong
CNotmentioned
20Radiocarbonisreliableindatinganobjectbacktoatleast50,000years
ARight
BWrong
CNotmentioned
21Whenanorganismdies.theC-14initbeginstodecay.
ARight
BWrong
CNotmentioned
22Thehalf-lifeofC-14isabout25,000years
ARight
BWrong
CNotmentioned
第3部分:
概括大意与完成句子(第23—30题,每题1分,共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1~4
段每段选择1个最佳标题:
(2)第27--30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1
个最佳选项。
MeetYourMemory
1Memoryissomethingthatcannotbeseen,touchedorweighedItisthoughttobe
abstractItisasetofskillsratherthananobjectNeitheristhereasinglestandardfor
JudgingagoodorpoormemoryThereareanumberofdifferentwaysinwhichaperson
mayhavea‘good’memory.
2Memoryisgenerallyviewedasconsistingofthreestages:
(1)acquisitionrefersto
learningthematerial;
(2)storagereferstokeepingthematerialintheblainuntilitis
needed;and(3)retrieval(提取)referstogettingthematerialbackoutwhenitisneeded
3Memoryconsistsofatleasttwodifferentprocesses:
short-termmemoryandlong-termmemory.Short-termmemoryhasalimitedcapacityandarapidforgettingrateItscapacitycanbeincreasedbychunking(组成大块),orgroupingseparatebitsofinformationintolargerchunksLong-termmemoryhasanalmostunlimitedcapacity
4Onemeasureofmemoryisrecall,whichrequiresyoutoproduceinformationbysearchingthememoryforitInaidedrecall.youaregivencues(提示)tohelpyouproducetheinformationInfree-recalllearningyourecallthematerialinanyorder;inseriallearningyourecallitintheorderitwaspresented;andinpaired-associatelearningyoulearnpairsofwordssothatwhenthefirstwordisgivenyoucanrecallthesecondwordAsecondmeasureofmemoryisrecognition.inwhichyoudonothavetoproducetheinformationfrommemory,butmustbeabletoidentifyitwhenitispresentedtoyouInathirdmeasureofmemory,relearning,thedifferencebetweenhowlongittooktolearnthematerialthefirsttimeandhowlongittakestolearnitagainindicateshowmuchyouremember.Relearningisgenerallyamoresensitivemeasureofmemorythanisrecognitionbecauserelearningshowsretention(保持)whilerecognitiondoesnotRecognitionisgenerallyamoresensitivemeasurethanrecall.
23Paragraphl
24Paragraph2
25Paragraph3
26Paragraph4
AWhydoweforgetthings?
BHowdowemeasurememory?
CWhatarethestagesmemoryconsistsof?
DWhatisthedifferencebetweenshort-termmemoryandlong-termmemory?
EWhatismemory?
FWhomayhaveapoormemory?
27Rememberinginvolvesgettingthematerialbackoutwhenitis
28Groupingbitsofinformationintolargerchunkshelpsimprovethecapacityofour
29Long-termmemoryhasanalmostunlimitedcapacityanda
30Asameasureofmemory,relearningismoresensitivethan
Ashort-termmemory
Brelearning
Cneeded
Dcoded
Erecognition
Fslowforgettingrate
第4部分:
阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,共45分)
下面有3篇短文.每篇短文后有5道题,请根据短文内容,为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇LightNight.DarkStars
ThousandsofpeoplearoundtheglobestepoutsidetogazeattheirnightskyOna
clearnight.withnoclouds,moonlight,orartificiallightstoblocktheview,peoplecansee
morethan14,000starsinthesky,saysDennisWard.anastronomer(天文学家)withthe
UniversityCorporationforAtmosphericResearch(UCAR)inBoulder.ColeButwhen
peoplearesurroundedbycitylights,hesays,they’reluckytosee150stars.
Ifyou’veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfromagreat
distance,you’vewitnessedlightpollutionItoccurswhenlightfromstreetlights.office
buildings,signs,andothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminates(照亮)thenight
skyThishaze(朦胧)oflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleonEarthEvenat
night.bigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlightpollution,makingstargazingdifficult
Dustandparticlesofpollutionfromfactoriesandindustriesworsentheeffectsof
lightpollution“Iforecityhasalotmorelightpollutionthananother.”Wardsays,"thatcity
willsuffertheeffectsoflightpollutiononamuchgreaterscale”
Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheirjobs
CitiesaregettinglargerSuburbsaregrowinginoncedarkruralareasLightfromall
thisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuring(使变模糊)thefaint(微弱的)lightgiven
offbydistantstarsAndifscientistscan’tlocatetheseobjectstheycan’tlearnmore
aboutthem
Lightpollutiondoesn’tonlyaffectstarvisibilityItcanharmwildlifetooIt'sclearthat
artificiallightcanattractanimals,makingthemgooffcourseThere’sincreasing
evidence,forexample,thatmigrating(迁徙)birdsusesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfind
theirway.saysSydneyGauthreauxJr.ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouth
Carolina.“Whenlightoccursatnight,”hesays,“ithasaverydisruptive(破坏性的)
Influence.”Sometimesbirdsflyintolightedtowershigh-risesandcablesfromradioand
televisiontowersExpertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayeveryyear.
31Onaclearnight.peoplecansee
A150stars
Bhundredsofstars
Conethousandstars
Dmorethan14,000stars
32Lightpollutionoccurswhen
Aartificiallightsilluminatethenightsky
Bthemoonlightsupthenightsky
Ctoomanystarsarevisibleinthenightsky.
Dstreetlightsareturnedoff
33Nowadaysevensuburbsarebecomingunsuitableforscientiststodotheirjobs
because
Athenightskythereistoodark
Btheoncedarkareasarealsopollutedbyfights.
Ctheseareasarenotpollutedbychemicals
Dtheseareasarelessdeveloped
34Howdoeslightpollutionaffectwildlife?
AAnimalsmaygooffcourse
BIthelpsmigratingbirdsfindtheirhomes
CAnimalsareafraidtogooutaftersunset
DIthelpsbirdsfallasleep
35Thetitl
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