英语1.docx

英语1.docx

《英语1.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语1.docx（23页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

英语1

ElectronicReadingDevices

A）Morethan550yearsafterJohannesGutenbergprinted180copiesoftheBibleonpaperandvellum（羊皮纸），newtechnologiesasrevolutionaryastheprintingpressarechangingtheconceptofabookandwhatitmeanstobeliterate.Sound,animationandtheabilitytoconnecttotheInternethavecreatedthenotionofalivingbookthatcanestablishanentirelynewkindofrelationshipwithreaders.

B）Aselectronicreadingdevicesevolveandproliferate（激增），booksareincreasinglyabletotalktoreaders,quizthemontheirgraspofthematerial,playvideostoillustrateapointorconnectthemwithacommunityoffellowreaders.

C）TheMasterofRamplingGate，anovelbyAnneRicepublishedin1991asapaperback,illustratessomeofthepossibilities.Theout-of-printtitlewasgivennewlifeinMarch,whenitwasreissuedindigitalformbyVook（amash-upof“video”and“book”），anAlamedastart-upsellingtitlesforiPadandiPhone.Asa$4.99applicationsoldthroughiTunesstore,thetitlecomeswithvideointerviewswithRiceandothersandlinkstoWebpagesthatelaborateoneventsandplacesinthestorywithinthetext.D）Vookhaspublishedmorethantwodozentitles.Thevideosandotherdigitalfeaturesaredesignedto“projecttheemotionofthebookwithoutgettinginthewayofthestory,”saidBradInman,Vook’schiefexecutiveandaformerrealestatecolumnistfortheSanFranciscoExaminer.“Wewanttorevivethepassionfortraditionalnarrative.Multimediacouldbeacatalystforspawningmorereading.”

E）TimO’Reilly,whoseO’ReillyMediainSebastopol,Calif.，isattheforefrontofdesigninganddistributingdigitalbooksovertheInternetandonmobiledevices,saidtechnologyhasthepowerto“broadenourthinkingaboutwhatabookdoes.”

F）Inadditiontodisplayingpagesfromabook,digitale-readerscanreadthemaloud,openingupaliterarytrovefortheblindandthevisuallyimpairedwhohavelonghadonlyathinselectionofaudioandBraillebookstochoosefrom.“Younowhavetheabilitytomakeabooktalk,”saidGeorgeKerscher,headoftheDigitalAccessibleInformationSystemConsortiuminZurich,Switzerland.Kerscher,whostudiedomputerscienceattheUniversityofMontanaandisblind,hasspenttwodecadeslobbyingpublisherstomakebooksmoreaccessibletovisuallyimpairedreaders.

G）Digitaltechnologyisalsotransformingreadingfromafamouslysolitaryexperienceintoasocialone.Thenewestgenerationofreaders—thetexting,chatting,YouTubingkids—hasruncirclesaroundthetraditionalpublishingprocess,keepingitsfavoritestoriesaliveonlinelongafterthey’republished,AtonlinefancommunitiesforpopularfantasyserieslikeHarryPotterandTwilight,youngenthusiastscollaborateonnewstorylinesinvolvingmonsters,ghostsandsecretcrushes.

H）OnTextnovel.com,thousandsofcellphone-totingauthorswritenovelsviatextmessage,oneortwosentencesatatime.Aspiringwriterscansignuponthefreesiteandbeginwriting,eitherfromphonesorcomputers.Readerscanfollowthestoriesonlineorreceiveatexteverytimetheirfavoriteauthoraddsaplottwist.ShannonRheinbold—Geetappedouther85000—wordthrilleraboutteenagewerewolves（狼人）injustunderfiveweeksusingtheTextnovelsite.Theformermiddle-schoolteacherfiguredshehadnochanceofgettingatraditionalpublishingdeal.Itdid.Thebook,IStoLife，wonTextnovel’sfirstannualcontestandearneditsauthorathree-bookcontractwiththeprestigiousSt.Martin’sPress,includinga$10000advance.

I）Textnovel,whichisfundedbycontributionsfromitsownmembers,isjustoneexampleofhowtheInternethasbecomefertilegroundforcreativeamateurs.OnScribd.com,writersanddigitalpackrats（收藏者）arebuildingahugeexchangemeetforwrittenworksofeverylength,manyofwhichonceexistedonpaper.Visitorscanbrowsedigitalversionsofnovelsandnonfictionbooks—somebyestablishedauthors,othersbycompleteunknowns—alongwithrecipesforspinachcalzonesand1950s-eramanualsforbuildingtransistorradios,nearlyallofwhichisfree.

J）Asinmanyplacesonline,freecontentistherule.Writerswhoareintentonmakingmoneywillhavetofindcreativewaystoattractreadersandbuildanaudience.AstheYouTubeofbooks,Scribdprovidesavirtualprintingpressforbuddingwritersandacommunityofpotentialreaders.Thecompanygetsmostofitsrevenuebysellingadvertisingonthesite.

K）Theproliferationofamateurcontentposesadifficultproblemforpublishers,whomustfindawaytomakeaprofitinasprawlingmarketplaceincreasinglyfilledwithfreecontent.“We’veprettymuchreachedthepointwherethesupplyhasnowshiftedtoinfinite，”saidRichardNash,formerheadofSoftSkullPress,asmallNewYorkpublisher.“Sothenextquestionis：

Howdoyoumakepeoplewantit?

”PartoftheanswermaybefoundonGoodreads.com,adigitallibraryandsocialnetworkingsitewheremillionsofmemberscanloginandchataboutanybooktheywant,includingmanythatwillneverseeprint.

L）LoriHettlerofTobyhanna，Pa.，runsoneofthelargestbookclubsonGoodreads,withnearly7000membersfromallovertheglobe.Discussionscangoonforhundredsofmessages,withreaderspassionatelychampioningtheclub’slatestselection.

M）ArecommendationbyHettlercanhelplittle-knownauthorsfindanaudience.HerrecentpicksincludeM.Clifford’sTheBookandD.H.Haney’sBannedforLife，bothself-publishedefforts.“Wordofmouthgoesalongway，”Hettlersaid.“OnceIreviewabookforoneguy,heusuallyhassomeonehewouldlikemetoread,andthenthatguyhassomeonehewouldlikemetoread...It’sthiswonderful,endlesscycle.”

N）Whereasprintedtextsoftenarelinearpathspavedbytheauthorchapterbychapter,digitalbooksencouragereaderstoclickhereortapthere，launchingthemonsidejourneysbeforetheyevenreachthebottomofapage.Somescholarsfearthatthisisbreedingagenerationofreaderswhowon，thavetheattentionspantogetthroughclassicslikeTheCatcherintheRye，letaloneMoby-Dick.

O）“Readingwellislikeplayingthepianoortheviolin,”saidthepoetandcriticDanaGioia，formerchairmanoftheNationalEndowmentfortheArts.“Itisahigh-levelcognitiveabilitythatrequireslong-termpractice.Iworrythatthosemechanismsinourculturethatusedtotakeachildandhavehimorherlearnmorewordsandmorecomplexsyntax（句法结构）arebreakingdown.”

注意:

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

46.BradInmanconsideredthatthefunctionofmultimediaisthatitwouldboostmorebookreading.

47.Thenewestgenerationofreadershasbecomecreativecollaboratorsinliterarywriting.

48.ShannonRheinbold-GeegainedtheopportunitytooutputhercreativewritinginjustunderfiveweekswiththehelpofTextnovelsite.

49.DanaGioiaisanxiousaboutthebreakingdownofthetraditionalmechanismsinourculturethatusedtoteachachildtolearnmorewordsandmorecomplexsyntax.

50.Therapidgrowthofamateurcontentbringsadifficultproblemforpublishers,whomustfindawaytomakeaprofitinapervasivemarketfulloffreecontent.

51.Electronicreadingdevicescanbeusedforconnectingreaderswiththeirfellows.

52.Toexchangeworksforfree,writersanddigitalpackratsonScribd.comarebuildingahugeswapmeetforwrittenworks.

53.Accordingtothepassage,little-knownauthorsmightbecomefamousiftheygetarecommendationbyHettler.

54.Electronicreadingdevicescanhelptheblindandthevisuallyimpairedbyreadingthebookaloud.

55.Amongthosefreecontents,writerswhoarehardatmakingprofitswillhavetofindcreativewaystoattractreadersandbuildanaudience.

SectionC

PassageOne

Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Africanelephantshavebeenslaughteredatalarmingrateoverthepastdecade,largelybecausetheyaretheprimarysourceoftheworld’sivory.Theirpopulationhasbeendwindledfrom1.3millionin1979tojust625,000today,andtherateofkillinghasbeenacceleratinginrecentyearsbecausemanyoftheolder,biggertuskedanimalshavealreadybeendestroyed.“Thepoachersnowmustkilltimesasmanyelephantstogetthesamequantityofivory,”explainedCurtisBohlen,SeniorvicepresidentoftheWorldWildlifeFund.

　　Thoughitsrecordontheenvironmentsofar,thegovernmentlastweektooktheleadinamajorconservationissuebyimposingabanonivoryimportsintotheUS.Themovecamejustfourdaysafteraconsortiumofconservationgroups,includingtheWorldWildlifeFundandWildlifeConservationInternational,calledforthatkindofaction,anditmadetheUSthefirstnationtoforbidimportsofbothrawandfinishedivory.Theban,saysBohlen,sendsaveryclearmessagetotheivorypoachersthatthegameisover.

　　InthepastAfricannationshaveresistedanivoryban,butincreasinglytheyrealizedthatthedecimationoftheelephantherdsposesaseriousthreattotheirtouristbusiness.LastmonthTanzaniaandseveralotherAfricancountriescalledforanamendmenttothe102nationConventiononInternationalTradeinEndangeredSpeciesthatwouldmaketheivorytradeillegalworldwide.TheamendmentisexpectedtobeapprovedatanOctobermeetinginGenevaandtogointoeffectnextJanuary.Butbetweennowandthen,conservationistscontend,poachersmaygoonarampage,killingelephantswholesale,sonationsshouldunilaterallyforbidimportsrightaway.TheUSgovernmentbroughtthatargument,andbyweek’sendthetwelvenation’sEuropeanCommunityhadfollowedwithitsownban.

56.Whichofthefollowingisthebest?

　　A）AfricanElephantsandtheIvoryTrade.

　　B）ABidtoSavetheElephant.

　　C）ThePoachers.

　　D）Elephan