全国职称英语理工类B级考试真题及答案.docx

全国职称英语理工类B级考试真题及答案.docx

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全国职称英语理工类B级考试真题及答案

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）

　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

　　1Shefoundmeverydull．

　　AdirtyBsleepyClazyDboring

　　2ThePresidentmadeabriefvisittoBeijing．

　　AshortBworkingCformalDsecret

　　3Hewaspersuadedtogiveuptheidea．

　　AmentionBacceptCconsiderDdrop

　　4Jackconsumesapoundofcheeseaday．

　　AeatsBdrinksCbuysDproduces

　　5Maryjusttoldusaveryfascinatingstory．

　　AstrangeBfrighteningCdifficultDinteresting

　　6It'sagorgeousdayanyway.

　　AlovelyBcoldCnormalDrainy

　　7Herlifeisbecomingmorediverse．

　　AgenerousBhumorousCvariedDromantic

　　8Foreignmilitaryaidwasprolongingthewar．

　　AbroadeningBworseningCextendingDaccelerating

　　9Shewasunwillingtogobutshehadnochoice．

　　AunableBindecisiveCreadyDreluctant

　　10Sheisslender．withdelicatewristsandankles．

　　AsickBweakCslimDpale

　　11Withimmenserelief．Istoppedrunning．

　　AsomeBenormousClittleDextensive

　　12Thescientistsbegantoaccumulatedata．

　　AcollectBhandleCanalyzeDinvestigate

　　13Jackeventuallyovertookthelasttruck．

　　AhitBpassedCreachedDled

　　14Sometimesitisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance．

　　ApossibleBprofitableCeasyDwise

　　15Thereasonfortheirunusualbehaviorremainsapuzzle．

　　AfactBmysteryCstatementDgame

　　第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题，每题l分，共7分）

　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

　　TheNeedtoRemember

　　Somepeoplesaytheyhavenomemoryatall：

"Ijustcan'trememberathing!

"Butofcourseweallhaveamemory．Ourmemorytellsuswhoweare．Ourmemoryhelpsustomakeuseinthepresentofwhatwehavelearntinthepast．

　　Infactwehavedifferenttypesofmemory．Forexample,ourvisualmemoryhelpsusrecallfactsandplaces．Somepeoplehavesuchastrongvisualmemory，theycanrememberexactlywhattheyhaveseen，forexample，pagesofabook，asacompletepicture．

　　Ourverbal（言语的）memoryhelpsusrememberwordsandfigureswemayhaveheardbutnotseenorwritten：

itemsofashoppinglist,achemicalformula,dates，orarecipe．

　　Withouremotional（情感的）memory，werecallsituationsorplaceswherewehadstrongfeelings．perhapsofhappinessorunhappiness．Wealsohavespecialmemoriesforsmell,taste,touchandsound，andforperformingphysicalmovements．

　　Wehavetwowaysofstoringanyofthesememories．Ourshort-termmemorystoresitemsforuptothirtyseconds—enoughtorememberatelephonenumberwhilewedial．Ourlong-termmemory,Ontheotherhand,maystoreitemsforalifetime．Olderpeopleinfacthaveamuchbetterlong-termmemorythanshort-term．Theymayforgetwhattheyhavedoneonlyafewhoursago，buthavetheclearestremembrance（记忆）ofwhentheywereveryyoung．

　　Psychologiststellusthatweonlyrememberafewfactsaboutourpast，andthatweinventtherest．Itisasthoughwerememberonlytheoutlineofastory．Wethenmakeupthedetails．Weoftendothisinthewaywewanttorememberthem，usuallysothatweappearastheheroesofourownpast—ormaybevictimsneedingsympathy（同情）．

　　16Visualmemoryhelpsusrecallaplacewehavebeento．

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　17Visualmemorymaybeusedwhenwereadastory．

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　18Verbalmemoryhelpsusreadwordswehaveneverheard．

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　19Emotionalmemoryisusedwhenweperformphysicalmovements．

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　20Animalsdonothavealong-termmemory．

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　21Long-termmemoryismoreimportantthanshort-termmemory．

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　22Generallywerememberonlyafewfactsaboutthepast．

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题l分，共8分）

　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题；

（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

　　TheSupercomputerNetwork

　　1Recently,tenlaboratoriesrunbygovernmentsindifferentpartsoftheworldhavebecomelinked．Theircomputershavebeenconnectedsotheycan"talk"toeachother．Thismaynotseemverydramaticnews，butitisthebeginningofadevelopmentthatwillincreasethepoweroftheInternettremendously．

　　2TheInternetisaninterconnected（互联）systemofnetworksthatconnectscomputersroundtheworldandfacilitatesthetransmissionandexchangeofinformation．ThewaythatyouusetheInternetisbyaccessingthisnetwork．Thisdependsonthepowerthatyoursystemallowsyoutouse．Thepowerofyourcomputerisresponsibleforhowfastyoucandownload（下载）files,howmuchdatayoucanstore，etc．Ifyourcomputerisoldandslow，accessingtheinformationcanbeverydifficult．

　　3Thenewdevelopmentininformationtechnologyhasbeencalled"thegrid"（网格技术），anditwillbeanetworkofcomputersthatarelinkedtogether。

The"grid"willworkinadifferentwayfromtheInternet,enablingyoutogetthepowerofthebiggestcomputersintheworldonyourcomputer．Accessingtheinformationwillnolongerdependonthepowerofyourcomputer．Theideaisthatwhileyouaccessinformation,youwillalsohaveaccesstothepowerofthebiggercomputerstations.

　　40neadvantageofthisrevolutionaryideaisthatgeographicallocationwillbecomeirrelevant.The"grid"willdecidewhicharethebestpartsofaworldwidenetworktodothejobyouwant．ThismeansthatyoumaybeaccessingacomputerinJapantosolveaprobleminAlaska．

　　5The"grid"canbecomparedtohavinganefficientpersonalassistant．Youcangiveyourassistantataskand"he"willdoitforyou．Theassistantwilldothepreliminaryresearch,collectthedata,comparethemanddecideonthebestcourseofactionbyaccessinganyofthecomputercentresinthe"grid"thathappentohavetherelevantinformation．Allyouhavetodoisassignthetask,sitbackandwait．

　　6Atpresent,possibleapplicationsofthe"grid"inscientificresearcharebeingexplored．WhileithastakenaboutfifteenyearsforInternetusetobecomewidespread,expertsbelievethatthe"grid"couldbeupandrunningforprivateindividualsfarmorequickly．Scientistsworkingon"grid"projectsareconvincedthatitwillbeaswidelyusedasthewebinthenexttenyears．

　　23Paragraph2

　　24Paragraph3

　　25Paragraph4

　　26Paragraph5

　　AHowdoesthe"grid"work?

　　BPowershared

　　CJustmakearequest

　　DLimitationsofpresentInternetuse

　　EDistanceisnotaproblem

　　FAnewerafortheInternet

　　27Traditionallythepowerofyourcomputerdetermineshowfastyoucanaccess．

　　28The"grid"willenableyoutogetonyourcomputerthepowerofintheworld．

　　29The"grid"wouldbelike，whocanperformyourtasksefficiently．

　　30Itisbelievedthatthewidespreaduseofthe"grid"willbecomepossibleinthenext.

　　Athebiggercomputerstations

　　Btheadvantage

　　Ctenyears

　　Dinformation

　　Eyourpersonalassistant

　　Ffifteenyears

　　第4部分：

阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，45分）

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

　　第一篇

　　Sunspots

　　It'snotsurprisingthatsunspots（太阳黑子）wereobservedbyancientastronomers（天文学家）．Thelargestsunspotsonthesuncanbeseenwithoutatelescope．Itwasnotuntiltheinventionofthetelescope（望远镜）intheearlyl7thcentury，however，thatsystematicstudiesofsunspotscouldbeundertaken．ThegreatastronomerGalileowasamongthefirsttomaketelescopicobservationsofsunspots．

　　Sunspotsareregionsofextremelystrongmagneticfields（磁场）foundonthesun'ssurface．Asunspothasadarkcentralcoreknownastheumbra．Theumbraissurroundedbyadarkringcalledthepenumbra，wherethemagneticfieldspreadsoutward．Sunspotsappeardarkbecausetheyaregivingofflessradiation．Theyarecoolerthantherestofthesun'ssurface．

　　Sunspotsarefrequentlyobservedinpairsorinpairedgroups．Themembersofaspotpairareidentifiedastheleadingspotandthefollowingspot．Theyareidentifiedbytheirpositioninthepairintermsofthedirectioninwhichthesunrotates（旋转）．

　　Thenumberofsunspotsatanyonetimevaries．Alargespotgroupmayconsistofasmanyas10groupsand300spotsacrossthesun．Thenumberofspotschangesinafairlyregularpatterncalledthesunspotcycle．Thelargestnumberoccursaboutevery11years．Atsunspotminimum，thereareatmostjustafewsmallspots．

　　Theaveragelifetimeofanindividualspotgroupisroughlyonesolarrotation,whichisabout25days．Themostpersistentlargespots,however,cansurvivefortwotothreemonths．

　　31Carefulobservationsandsystematicstudiesofsunspots

　　Aweremadebyancientastronomers．

　　Bstartedintheearly17thcentury．

　　CweremadebyGalileoonly．

　　Dcouldbemadewithoutatelescope．

　　32Sunspotsarecoolerthantherestofthesun'ssurfacebecause

　　Atheyproducelessenergy．

　　Btheyareburiedinthesun．

　　Ctheyarefarawayfrommagneticfields．

　　Dtheyareclosetomagneticfields．

　　33Theleadingspotandthefollowingspotarethenamesof

　　Atwolargesunspots．

　　Balargespotandasmallspot．

　　Cthetwospotsinaspotpair．

　　Dthecentralcoreandtheringaroundit．

　　34Ifanintensesunspotactivityhadoccurredin1857,thenextonewouldhavebeenin

　　A1858．B1862．C1865．D1868．

　　35Inthelastparagraphtheword"persistent"means

　　Aimportant．Beffective．Cenduring．Dvisible．

　　第二篇

　　WhereHaveAlltheBeesGone?

　　Scientistswhostudyinsectshavearealmysteryontheirhands．Allacrossthecountry,honeybeesareleavingtheirhives（蜂巢）andneverreturning．Researcherscallthisphenomenoncolony-collapse（群体瘫痪）disorder．Itisreportedthat25to40percentofthehoneybeesintheU