完整版高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测题专练三指代猜测类.docx
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完整版高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测题专练三指代猜测类.docx
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完整版高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测题专练三指代猜测类
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测题专练三指代猜测类
(xx·黄冈检测)
OnChristmasDay,xx,awomannamedNancySueBrowntookherdaughterandgrandchildrentoseeamovieatanAMCtheater.Whenthemoviewasover,thecrowdmadefortheexits.Atheateremployeehadjustfinishedmoppingthehallwayanddutifullyplacedthe“wetfloor”signintheslipperyarea.Nooneslippedduetothewetconditions,butsomeonedidmanagetoknockoverthesign.AndbythetimeMs.Browngottothearea,thesignwaslyingonthefloor.Andshortlythereafter,sowasshe.Herfootgotcaughtinthesign,inabadway,andshefell.UnfortunatelyMs.Brownhadundergoneabackoperation,andthefallcausedmoredamagethanitotherwisewouldhave.Sosheandherhusbandsued(提起诉讼).
AMCarguedthattheentirepointofthe“wetfloor”signabovewastowarnofdanger,andtherefore,courtsshouldencouragetheusebynotallowingBrown'scasetoproceed(继续进行).AMCreferredtoacaseaboutaDecember,xxincident,wherea“wetfloor”sign,notinuse,felltothefloorcausinganothertripandfall.Inthatcase,Georgia'sCourtofAppealsruledinfavorofthestore,butdidn'tgosofarastosaythat“wetfloor”signscouldn'tgiverisetolegalliability(责任)intripandfallaccidents.IntheBrowncase,theSupremeCourtthereforerejectedAMC'sargumentthattheformercaseapplied.
ButtheBrownsarguedsomethingsurprisingthatthe“wetfloor”signwas,itself,dangerous,because“usingthistypeofsigninareaspassedbylotsofcustomerscreatesanunreasonableriskofforeseeableharmtothepublicintheformoftrippinghazards(危险).”That'sright—thesafetysign,usedinthewayitwasdesigned,wasitselfdangerous.Thecourtthankfullydidn'tacceptthatargument,atleastnotentirely.ButitdidconcludethatBrown'scasecouldcontinuetoajury(陪审团)—“amerchant'sselectionanduseofequipmentdesignedtowarncustomersofonedangerthathasthepotentialtoexposethemtoadifferentone”.
体裁:
议论文 题材:
社会现象 主题:
“小心地滑”指示牌引发的安全事件
【语篇导读】 本文主要介绍了布朗夫人在美国一家AMC影院看完电影离开时,被“小心地滑”的指示牌绊倒受伤后,向法院提起诉讼的原因以及法院的审判结果。
1.Accordingtothetext,Ms.Brown________.
A.slippedonthewetfloor
B.trippedoverawarningsign
C.knockedoverwarningsign
D.wasknockeddownbythecrowd
解析:
B 细节理解题。
根据文章第一段中的...Ms.Browngottothearea,thesignwaslyingonthefloor.Andshortlythereafter,sowasshe.Herfootgotcaughtinthesign,inabadway,andshefell.可知,布朗夫人被“小心地滑”的指示牌绊倒了。
B项中的trippedover意为“被绊倒”,与文章表述相符,故选B项。
C项中的knockedover意为“打翻;撞倒”,不符合文意。
2.AMCmentionedthexxcaseinorderto________.
A.acceptitslegalliabilityforMs.Brown'sloss
B.proveMs.Brownhadsomephysicalproblems
C.stressthatithadnolegalliabilityfortheaccident
D.proveothercustomerswereresponsiblefortheaccident
解析:
C 推理判断题。
根据文章第二段第一句AMCarguedthat...encouragetheusebynotallowingBrown'scasetoproceed.可知,AMC影院认为布朗夫人的控诉不成立,法院应该鼓励使用这样的警示牌,接着第二句AMC影院举出xx年的案例来支持自己的观点。
由此可推测,AMC影院提到这一案例是为了强调自己不应该承担本次事故的责任。
故选C项。
3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheBrown'scasefromthelastparagraph?
A.Itwouldbejudgedbyjury.
B.Itwouldnotbeallowedtoproceed.
C.ThecourtwouldruleinfavorofAMC.
D.ThecourtacceptedalltheargumentsoftheBrowns.
解析:
A 细节理解题。
根据文章最后一段中的ButitdidconcludethatBrown'scasecouldcontinuetoajury...可知,法院申请陪审团来审理此案。
故选A项。
4.Theunderlinedword“one”inthelastparagraphrefersto“________”.
A.danger
B.customer
C.businessowner
D.equipmentinpublicplaces
解析:
A 词义猜测题。
根据文章最后一段最后一句可知,一个商人选择和使用某一种设备来警示顾客某种危险,而这种设备本身就可能将顾客置于另一种危险中。
由此可猜测,one指代上文中的danger。
故选A项。
长难句分析:
ButitdidconcludethatBrown'scasecouldcontinuetoajury—“amerchant'sselectionanduseofequipmentdesignedtowarncustomersofonedangerthathasthepotentialtoexposethemtoadifferentone”.
句式分析:
did在此处起强调作用,强调谓语动词conclude;thatBrown'scasecouldcontinuetoajury为宾语从句,作conclude的宾语;designedtowarncustomersofonedanger为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰equipment;thathasthepotentialtoexposethemtoadifferentone为定语从句,修饰的也是equipment。
句意:
但是法院确实给出了结论:
布朗事件的最后裁定交由陪审团——“一个商人选择和使用某一种设备来警示顾客某种危险,而这种设备本身就可能将顾客置于另一种危险中”。
B
(xx·山东部分重点中学第一次调研)
MusiciconBobDylanwillnotattendtheNobelceremonyinDecemberbecausehehasothermitments,theSwedishAcademysaidonWednesday.
“TheSwedishAcademyreceivedapersonalletterfromBobDylanyesterdaywhereheexplainedthathecouldnotmakehimselfavailableinDecember...,”itsaidinastatement.
“Hewishesthathecouldaccepttheawardpersonally,butothermitmentsmakeitunfortunatelyimpossible.HeunderlinedthathefeltincrediblyhonoredbytheNobelPrize,”itadded.TheSwedishAcademysaiditrespectedDylan'sdecision,butthatitwas“unusual”foraNobellaureatenottoetoStockholmtoaccepttheawardinperson.NobellaureatesarehonoredeveryyearonDecember10—thedeathanniversaryoftheprize'sfounderAlfredNobel,aSwedishindustrialist,inventorandphilanthropist.
SeveralotherliteratureprizewinnershaveskippedtheNobelceremonyinthepastforvariousreasons—BritishwriterDorisLessingongroundsofillhealth,BritishplaywrightHaroldPinterbecausehewashospitalizedandAustrianplaywrightandnovelistElfriedeJelinekduetosocialphobia.
“WelookforwardtoBobDylan'sNobellecture,whichhemustcarryout—itistheonlyrequirement—withinsixmonthsstartingfromDecember10,xx,”theacademysaid.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了xx年诺贝尔文学奖的获得者BobDylan缺席颁奖仪式的故事。
【难句分析】 “TheSwedishAcademyreceivedapersonalletterfromBobDylanyesterdaywhereheexplainedthathecouldnotmakehimselfavailableinDecember...,”itsaidinastatement.
分析:
本句是一个复合句。
where引导定语从句,在从句中作地点状语,修饰先行词apersonalletter;that引导宾语从句,在从句中不作句子成分。
译文:
瑞典文学院在一项声明中提到,他们昨天收到了BobDylan的一封个人信件。
BobDylan在信件里解释说他不能参加12月份的诺贝尔奖颁奖仪式。
5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?
A.receivingapersonalletter
B.expressinghimselfinastatement
C.feelinghonoredbytheaward
D.acceptingtheawardpersonally
解析:
D 考查代词指代。
根据第三段的“Hewishesthathecouldaccepttheawardpersonally”可推知,此处的it代指的是亲自去领奖。
6.WhatistheSwedishAcademy'sattitudetowardsBobDylan'sdecision?
A.supportive B.opposite
C.indifferentD.tolerant
解析:
D 考查观点态度。
根据第三段的“TheSwedishAcademysaiditrespectedDylan'sdecision,butthatitwas‘unusual’foraNobellaureatenottoetoStockholmtoaccepttheawardinperson”可知,瑞典文学院对Dylan的缺席表示尊重。
干扰项分析:
A项意为“支持的”,B项意为“相反的”,C项意为“漠不关心”,均与文章中瑞典文学院对Dylan缺席领奖的态度不符,故排除。
7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.TheNobelPrizeGoestoMusicIconBobDylan
B.LaureateBobDylanWillBeAbsentfortheNobelCeremony
C.BobDylan—aMusicIconWhoWontheNobelPrize
D.AGreatAnniversaryEvent—theNobelCeremony
解析:
B 考查标题判断。
根据第一段“MusiciconBobDylanwillnotattendtheNobelceremonyinDecemberbecausehehasothermitments,theSwedishAcademysaidonWednesday”可推知,本文是一篇新闻报道,主要介绍了xx年诺贝尔文学奖获得者BobDylan缺席颁奖仪式的事件。
8.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.BobDylaninformedtheSwedishAcademyofhisabsencebytelephone.
B.TheNobelceremonyisinmemoryofthebirthoftheprize'sfounder.
C.ElfriedeskippedtheNobelceremonybecauseofphysicalillness.
D.AccordingtotheSwedishAcademy,thedeadlineofDylan'slectureisJune10,xx.
解析:
D 考查细节理解。
根据最后一段“‘WelookforwardtoBobDylan'sNobellecture,whichhemustcarryout—itistheonlyrequirement—withinsixmonthsstartingfromDecember10,xx,’theacademysaid”可知,BobDylan演讲的最后期限是xx年6月10号。
干扰项分析:
根据第二段的“TheSwedishAcademyreceivedapersonalletterfromBobDylanyesterday”可知,BobDylan是通过信件来告知瑞典文学院自己将缺席颁奖仪式的,而不是电话;根据第三段的“NobellaureatesarehonoredeveryyearonDecember10—thedeathanniversaryoftheprize'sfounderAlfredNobel”可知,诺贝尔奖颁奖仪式的举行日是AlfredNobel逝世的日子,而不是诞辰;根据第四段的“AustrianplaywrightandnovelistElfriedeJelinekduetosocialphobia”可知,ElfriedeJelinek缺席是因为社交恐惧症,这是一种精神疾病,而不是身体疾病。
C
(xx·云南高三年级八校跨区调研考试)
Spider(蜘蛛)webshavesomethinginmonwithguitarstrings.Thelong,thinstringsonaguitarcanvibrate(振动).Theymovebackandforth,orfromsidetoside.Sodowebsmadebyspiders.Thelinesofsilktheyproducecancarryvibrations.Thismovementgivesthesmallcreatureinformationaboutwhatlandedontheweb.
Spidershaveeightlegsandusuallyeighteyes.Theanimalsbuildwebswiththeirownsoft,naturallymadesilk.Andmuchlikeplayingthestringsofaguitar,aspidercansendoutvibrationsacrossitswebovermanydifferentfrequencies(频率).Spiderscatchtheirfood,usuallyinsectsintheirwebs.Theymakesmallmovements,whichspreadacrosstheirwebs.Thevibrationscangivethespiderdetailsaboutwhatiscaughtintheweb—maybeapossiblemate,orsomethingtastytoeat.
Vibrationsarenotjustusedtospotwhatisfordinner.Theyarealsoimportantincourtship(求爱),solotsofmaleswillactuallycreateaveryspecifickindofmusicalpatternwhichthefemalescanusetodeterminenotonlythatthey'reamale,butthey'retherightspecies,andwhethertheymightwanttomatewiththemaswell.
Spidersmaketheirownvibrationstofindouttheconditionofthewebs.Bycontrollingthetightnessofthematerial,theycaneffectivelycontrolhowinformationisgettingtothemwhentheyhangoutinthemiddleoftheweb.Spidershaveaspecialabilitytoshapethephysicalnatureoftheirselfmadematerialsandcreations.Scientiststhinkthatspidersilkmayhavechangedovertimeforthispurpose.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了蜘蛛吐出的蛛丝可以传播不同频率的振动,这些振动让它们知道蜘蛛网上落下了什么东西并且这些振动在求爱中也非常重要。
【难句分析】 Theyarealsoimportantincourtship(求爱),solotsofmaleswillactuallycreateaveryspecifickindofmusicalpatternwhichthefemalescanusetodeterminenotonlythatthey'reamale,butthey'retherightspecies,andwhethertheymightwanttomatewiththemaswell.
分析:
这是一个复合句。
本句含有which引导的定语从句以及tha
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