英语学习金融英语词汇必备.docx
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英语学习金融英语词汇必备.docx
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英语学习金融英语词汇必备
弃我去者,昨日之日不可留
乱我心者,今日之日多烦忧
Y
养老基金pensionfund
一刀切universalapplication;non-discretionaryimplementation
一级市场primarymarket
应收未收利息overdueinterest
银行网点bankingoutlets
赢利能力profitability
营业税businesstax
硬贷款(商业贷款)commercialloans
用地审批tograntlanduseright
有管理的浮动汇率managedfloatingexchangerate
证券投资portfolioinvestment
游资(热钱)hotmoney
有市场的产品marketableproducts
有效供给effectivesupply
诱发新一轮经济扩张triggeranewroundofeconomicexpansion
逾期贷款overdueloans;past-dueloans
与国际惯例接轨tobecomecompatiblewithinternationallyaccepted
与国际市场接轨tointegratewiththeworldmarket
预算外支出(收入)off-budget(extra-budgetary)expenditure(revenue)
预调pre-emptiveadjustment
月环比onamonth-on-monthbasis;onamonthlybasis
Z
再贷款centralbanklending
在国际金融机构储备头寸reservepositionininternationalfinancialinstitutions
在人行存款depositsat(with)thecentralbank
在途资金fundinfloat
增加农业投入toincreaseinvestmentinagriculture
增势减缓decelerationofgrowth;moderationofgrowthmomentum
增收节支措施revenue-enhancingandexpenditurecontrolmeasures
增长平稳steadygrowth
增值税value-addedtax(VAT)
涨幅偏高higher-than-desirablegrowthrate;excessivegrowth
账外账concealedaccounts
折旧depreciation
整顿retrenchment;consolidation
政策工具policyinstrument
政策性业务policy-relatedoperations
政策性银行policybanks
政策组合policymix
政府干预governmentintervention
证券交易清算settlementofsecuritiestransactions
证券业务占款fundingofsecuritiespurchase
支付困难paymentdifficulty
支付能力paymentcapacity
直接调控方式向toincreasetherelianceonindirectpolicyinstruments
间接调控方式转变职能转换transformationoffunctions
职业道德professionalethics
指令性措施mandatorymeasures
指令性计划mandatoryplan;administeredplan
制定和实施货币政策toconductmonetarypolicy;toformulateandimplementmonetarypolicy
滞后影响laggedeffect
中介机构intermediaries
中央与地方财政delineationoffiscalresponsibilities
分灶吃饭重点建设keyconstructionprojects;keyinvestmentproject
周期谷底bottom(trough)ofbusinesscycle
周转速度velocity
主办银行mainbank
主权风险sovereignrisk
注册资本registeredcapital
逐步到位tophasein;phasedimplementation
逐步取消tophaseout
抓大放小toseizethebigandfreethesmall(tomaintaincloseoversightonthelargestate-ownedenterprisesandsubjectsmalleronestomarketcompetition)
专款专用useoffundsasear-marked
转贷on-lending
转轨经济transitioneconomy
转机turnaround
转折关头turningpoint
准财政赤字quasi-fiscaldeficit
准货币quasi-money
资本不足under-capitalized
资本充足率capitaladequacyratio
资本利润率returnoncapital
资本账户可兑换capitalaccountconvertibility
资不抵债insolvent;insolvency
资产负债表balancesheet
资产负债率liability/assetratio;ratioofliabilitiestoassets
资产集中assetconcentration
资产贡献率assetcontributionfactor
资产利润率returnonassets(ROA)
资产质量assetquality
资产组合assetportfolio
资金成本costoffunding;costofcapital;financingcost
资金到位fullyfunded(project)
资金宽裕tohavesufficientfunds
资金利用率fundutilizationrate
资金缺口financinggap
资金体外循环financialdisintermediation
资金占压fundstiedup
自筹投资项目self-financedprojects
自有资金equityfund
综合国力overallnationalstrength(oftenmeasuredbyGDP)
综合效益指标overallefficiencyindicator
综合治理comprehensiveadjustment(retrenchment);over-haul
总成交额totalcontractvalue
总交易量totalamountoftransactions
总成本totalcost
最后贷款人lenderoflastresort
W
外部审计externalaudit
外国直接投资foreigndirectinvestment(FDI)
外汇储备foreignexchangereserves
外汇调剂foreignexchangeswap
外汇占款theRMBcounterpartofforeignexchangereserves;theRMBequivalentofoffcialforeignexchangeholdings
外向型经济export-orientedeconomy
外债externaldebt
外资企业foreign-fundedenterprises
完善现代企业制度toimprovethemodernenterprisesystem
完税凭证taxpaymentdocumentation
违法经营illegalbusiness
委托存款entrusteddeposits
稳步增长steadygrowth
稳健的银行系统asoundbankingsystem
稳中求进tomakeprogresswhileensuringstability
无纸交易book-entry(orpaperless/scriptless)transaction
物价监测pricemonitoring
X
吸纳流动性toabsorbliquidity
稀缺经济scarcityeconomy
洗钱moneylaundering
系统内调度fundallocationwithinabank
系统性金融危机systemicfinancialcrisis
下岗工人laid-offemployees
下游企业down-streamenterprises
现场稽核on-siteexamination
现金滞留(居民手中)cashheldoutsidethebankingsystem
乡镇企业townshipandvillageenterprises(TVEs)
消费物价指数consumerpriceindex(CPI)
消费税excise(consumption)tax
消灭财政赤字tobalancethebudget;toeliminatefiscaldeficit
销货款回笼reflowofcorporatesalesincometothebankingsystem
销售平淡lacklustersales
协议外资金额committedamountofforeigninvestment
新经济增长点newsourcesofeconomicgrowth
新开工项目newprojects;newlystartedprojects
新增贷款incrementalcredit;loanincrement;creditgrowth;creditexpansion
新增就业位置newjobs;newjobopportunities
信贷规模考核reviewthecompliancewithcreditceilings
信号失真distortedsignals
信托投资公司trustandinvestmentcompanies
信息不对称informationasymmetry
信息反馈feedback(information)
信息共享系统informationsharingsystem
信息披露informationdisclosure
信用扩张credirexpansion
信用评级creditrating
姓“资”还是姓“社”pertainingtosocialismorcapitalism;socialistorcaptialist
行政措施administrativemeasures
需求膨胀demandexpansion;excessivedemand
虚伪存款window-dressingdeposits
削减冗员toshedexcesslaborforce
寻租rentseeking
迅速反弹quickrebound
S
三角债chaindebts;inter-enterprisearrears
善政廉政goodgovernance
商业贷款commercialloans
上市公司(publicly)listedcorporations
设备利用capacityutilization
社会保障socialsafetynet;socialsecurity(insurance)
深层次矛盾deep-rootedstructuralimbalance
审批金融机构tolicensefinancialinstitutions
审慎监管prudentialsupervision
生产能力闲置unutilizedcapacity
生息资产interest-bearingassets
实际利用外资disbursementofforeigncapital;actualinflowofforeigninvestment
实际有效汇率realeffectiveexchangerate
实时realtime
实收资本paid-incapital
实现利润realizedprofit
市场分割marketsegmentation
市场经济marketeconomy
市场占有率(市场份额)marketshare
市场准入marketaccess(指商品和劳务的进入);marketentry(指机构的审批)
市价总值marketcapitalization
适度从紧appropriatelytight
适时调节timelyadjustment
收回对金融机构贷款torecallcentralbankloans(tofinancialinstitutions)
税后还贷amortization(repaymentofloans)aftertax
税收流失taxerosion
税源不足weaktaxbase
私营经济(私人经济)theprivatesector
私有制privateownership
所有者权益owner'sequity
T
逃税(请见“避税”)taxevasion
套汇
(1)指合法:
currencyswap;arbitrage
(2)指非法:
illegalpurchaseofforeignexchange
剔除季节性因素seasonallyadjusted
调节流动性toinfluenceliquiditylevel
贴现窗口discountwindow
同比onyear-on-yearbasis;overthesameperiodofthepreviousyear
同业拆借(放)inter-bankborrowing(lending)
同业拆借市场利率(中国)CHIBOR(Chinainter-bankofferedrate)
同业融通票据inter-bankfinancingbills
同业往来inter-banktransactions
透支overdraft
退税taxrefund(rebate)
头寸position
吞吐基础货币adjustmentofmonetarybase
脱媒现象disintermediation
Q
企业办社会enterprisesburdenedwithsocialresponsibilities
企业集团战略corporategroupstrategy
企业兼并重组companymergerandrestructuring
企业领导班子enterprisemanagement
企业所得税enterprise(corporate)incometax
企业效益corporateprofitability
企业资金违规流入股市irregularflowofenterprisefundsintothestockmarket
欠税taxarrears
欠息overdueinterest
强化税收征管tostrengthentaxadministration
强制措施enforcementaction
翘尾因素carryovereffect
切一刀partialapplication
清理收回贷款cleanupandrecoverloans
(破产)清算liquidation
倾斜政策preferentialpolicy
区别对待differentialtreatment
趋势加强intensifyingtrend
全球化globalization
权益回报率returnsonequity(ROE)
缺乏后劲unsustainablemomentum
R
绕规模贷款tocircumventcreditceiling
人均国内生产总值percapitaGDP
人均收入percapitaincome
人民币升值压力upwardpressureontheRenminbi(exchangerate)
认缴资本subscribedcapital
软贷款softloans
软预算约束softbudgetconstraint
软着陆softlanding
M
买方市场buyer'smarket
卖方市场seller'smarket
卖出回购证券matchedsaleofrepo
贸易差额tradebalance
民间信用non-institutionalizedcredit
免二减三exemptionofincometaxforthefirsttwoyearsofmakingprofitand50%taxreductionforthefollowingthreeyears
明补explicitsubsidy
明亏explicitloss
名牌产品brandproducts
母国(请见“东道国”)homecountry
N
内部控制internalcontrol
内部审计internalaudit
内地与香港themainlandandHongKong
内债domesticdebt
扭亏为盈toturnaloss-makingenterpriseintoaprofitableone
扭曲金融分配distortedallocationoffinancialresources
农副产品采购支出outlaysforagriculturalprocurement
农村信用社ruralcreditcooperatives(RCCs)
P
泡沫效应bubbleeffect
泡沫经济bubbleeconomy
培育新的经济增长点totapnewsourcesofeconomicgrowth
片面追求发展速度excessivepursuitofgrowth
平衡发展balanceddevelopment
瓶颈制约bottleneck(constraints)
平稳回升steadyrecovery
铺底流动资金initial(start-up)workingcapital
普遍回升broad-basedrecovery
配套改革concomitant(supporting)reforms
配套人民币资金localcurrencyfundingof…
K
开办人民币业务toengageinRMBbusiness
可维持(可持续)经济增长sustainableeconomicgrowth
可变成本variablecost
可自由兑换货币freelyconvertiblecurrency
控制现金投放controlcurrencyissuance
扣除物价因素inrealterms;oninflation-adjustedbasis
库存产品inventory
跨国银行业务cross-borderbanking
跨年度采购cross-yearprocurement
会计准则accountingstandard
L
来料加工processingofimportedmaterialsforexport
离岸银行业务off-shorebanking(business)
理顺外贸体制torationalizeforeigntraderegime
利率杠杆的调节作用theroleofinterestratesinresourceallocation
利润驱动profit-driven
利息回收率interestcollectionratio
联行清算inter-banksettlement
连锁企业franchise(businesses);chainbusinesses
良性循环virtuouscycle
两极分化growingincomedisparity;polarizationinincomedistribution
零售物价指数retailpriceindex(RPI)
流动性比例liquidityratio
流动资产周转率/流通速度velocityofliquidassets
流动资金贷款workingcapitalloans
流通体制distributionsystem
流通网络distributionnetwork
留购(租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物)hirepurchase
垄断行业monopolizedindustry(sector)
乱集资irregular(illegal)fundraising
乱收费irregular(illegal)charges
乱摊派unjustified(arbitrary)levies
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