江西省专升本英语辅导讲义.docx

江西省专升本英语辅导讲义.docx

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江西省专升本英语辅导讲义

专升本英语语法辅导讲义

我喜欢音乐。

Ilikemusic.

我喜欢音乐以前。

Iliketoplaybasketball.

我喜欢打篮球。

Heisagoodstudentthatweallknow.

我们都知道他是一个好学生。

1.Theauthorfindsoutthatgoodintentionsalonearenotenoughwhenhisattempttobekindtoanoldmanleavesthembothfeelingworsethanbefore・

2.Mostpeopledonotrealize,however,thatitistheregularuse

of”ordinary”physicalpunishment,andtheculturalapprovalitenjoys,thatlaysthegroundworkforchildabuse・

Theagency,tosetandenforcehealthstandardforAmerican

workers,hasbeenpromisingacottonduststandardforseveralyears・A・whosejobitisB・whosejobisC・whoseD・whoseis

3・ltseemssimpleenoughtodistinguishbetweentheorganismandthesurroundingenvironmentandtoseparateforcesactingonanorganismintothosethatareinternalandbiologicalandthosethatareexternalandenvironmental.

4.Butmyownworrytodayislessthatoftheoverwhelmingproblemof

elementalliteracythanitisoftheslightlymoreluxuriousproblemofthedeclineintheskillevenofthemiddle-classreader,ofhisunwillingnesstoaffordthosespacesofsilenee,thoseluxuriesofdomesticityandtimeandconcentration,thatsurroundtheimageoftheclassicactofreading.

第一章、时态和语态

＜主要是指谓语动词＞

一.时态

1•现在时

（1）一般现在时

Helikesmusic.

（2）现在进行时

Heisdoingthehousework.

（3）现在完成时

Hehasfinishedthework.

（4）现在完成进行时

HehasbeenstudyingEnglishforsixyears.

注意：

Thehousehasbeeninbadrepairsincehelivedinit.

Thehousehasbeeninbadrepairsincehemovedout.

Thehousehasbeeninbadrepairsincehehaslivedinit.

Ihaven'teatensnailssirwesastudentatIndianaUniversity.

Ihaven'teatensnailssirlefiIndianaUniversity.

2.过去时

（1）一般过去时

HewatchedTVlastnight

（2）过去进行时

Hewasdoinghishomeworkatthistimeyesterday.

（3）过去完成时＜过去的过去＞

HehadworkedforsixyearsbeforeMarryjoinedtheArmy.

（4）过去完成进行时

HehadbeenworkingforthefactorybeforeMarryjoinedtheArmy.

3.将来时

（1）一般将来时

IwillstudyEnglishnextweek.

IshallstudyEnglishnextweek.

IamgoingtostudyEnglishnextweek.

IamabouttostudyEnglishnextweek.

IamtostudyEnglishnextweek.

区别:

will和begoingto,beaboutto,betc的区别

如:

lfthemetalisheated,itwillexpand.

IamgoingtostudyEnglishnextweek.

IamabouttostudyEnglishnextweek.

IamtostudyEnglishnextweek.

区另U:

begoingto,beaboutto和beto的区另U

女口:

Look,somanyblackclouds,itisgoingtorain.

当有预先征兆的时候我们应该用begoingto.

（2）将来进行时

IwillbestudyingEnglishatsixo'clocktomorrow.

如果是将来的一个具体时间我们可以用将来进行时.

（3）过去将来时

Hesaid,"IwillstudyEnglishnextweek."

HesaidthathewouldstudyEnglishthenextweek.

（4）将来完成时

Wewillhavefinishedtheworkbynextyear.

43.Bytheendoflastmonth,weonthisprojectformorethan6weeks.

（09）

A）haveworkedB）hadworkedC）areworkingD）willwork

68.Bythetimeyougettherethisafternoon,thefilm.（06\07）

A）istostartB）isstartingC）willstartD）willhavestarted

44.Weplantofinishtheworkonthe15thofnextmonth.Bythen,wefor

tenweeks.（05）

A）areworkingB）havebeenworkedC）wereworkingD）willhaveworked

60.Bytheendofthisyear,it16yearssincetheemergeneeoftheWorld

WideWebasanelectronic-publishingvehicle.（05）

A）hasbeenB）willhavebeenC）willbeD）hadbeen特例：

1.Heisalwaysspeakingtohismotherlikethis.

当表示一种埋怨和责备语气的时候用现在进行代替一般现在时・

二.语态

主动语态

Iwrotealetteryesterday.

Iwillwritethebook.

被动语态

Theletterwaswrittenbymeyesterday.

Thebookwillbewrittenbyme.

56.Theprofessorwassopopularthathewithenthusiasm.（07）

A）alwayslistenedtoB）alwayswaslistened

C）wasalwayslistenedD）wasalwayslistenedto

特例:

1.Imadehimcry

Hewasmade.tocrybyme.

2.Iheardhimsingthesongyesterday.

Hewasheardlosingthesongbymeyesterday.

第二章、句子结构

主谓宾定状补表同位

Ilikemusic・＜主谓宾＞

Igaveyouabike・＜双宾＞

Ihavearedpen・＜定语＞

Hestudieshard・＜程度状语＞程度状语

Hestudiesenglishintheafternoon时间状语＞时间状语

Hesingsintheclassroom地点状语＞

Heislatebecauseheisill原因状语>

Hegoestoschoolbybus方式状语>

Ifyoucomeherehewillcometoo条件状语>备注:

在时间状语从句和条件

状语从句中从句不能用将来时

Hecameheretolookafterme•目的状语>

Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthebus结果状语>

HegotupsoearlythathecouldcatchthebusK的状语>

Hecameherewithasmile•伴随状语>

TheArmywalkedinthestreetwhilepeopleweredancing伴随状语>

Althoughheisalittleboy,heknowsalot.（让步状语）

补语v宾补，主补>

IcallyouTom.v宾补>|findenglisheasy.<宾补〉

sb.sbadj.

YouarecalledTom.<主补>

Iamastudent.v表语>

Iamexcited.v系表结构>

同位语v同位主语，同位宾语>

Youtwoarefoolish.v同位主语>

Ibeatyoutwo.v同位宾语>

第三章、主从复合句

v必须满足:

1.只有一个句号2.主句和从句之间必须要有连接词，连接词有两个功

能，一是起到连接从句，整体作为整个主句的一个成分，二是连接词本身在从句中单独也做一个成分3•从句必须用正常语序>

主语从句

Whatyournameisisnotknown.•主语从句>

Thathecameheremadeushappy.主语从句>

宾语从句

Idonotknowwhatyournameis•■宾语从句>

Ifind（that）Englishiseasy.■宾语从句>

52.Themeetingwasputoffuntilnextweek,whichwasexactlywe

wanted.（06）

A）itB）whichC）thatD）what

同位主语从句

Thenewsthathewillcomeheremakesushappy同位主语从句>

Theresultwhethertheteamhaswonthegameisnotknownl同位主语从句

〉

76.Wehavetofacethefactnewcomputervirusesmayappearatanytime

anditcanspreadacrosscomputersinaveryrapidspeed09）

A）thatB）itC）whichD）what

43.Allthepeoplewantarelastingpeaceandsocialprogress.（05）

A）whatB）suchC）thoseD）which

50.TheUnitedNationsexpressedthehopethetwosidesshouldsoonstop

fightinginthearea.（05）

A）whichB）thatC）whatD）when

表语从句

MoneyiswhatIwant.v表语从句>

49.WhatthedoctoradvisesmetodoisImustkeeptalkinga

well-balaneeddietandregularexercises.（09）

A）thatB）whetherC）whichD）what

名词性从句的特例vwhether和if（是否）的区别>

1.Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthseeing在表语从句中只能用

whether不用if>

2.Thenewswhetherourteamhaswonthewatchisunknown在:

同位语从

句中只能用whether>

3.Whetherwewillattendthemeetingisunknown•在主语从句中只能用whether〉

4.Itisunknownwhetherwewillattendthemeeting•当它转换成形式主语时两者都可以用〉

5.Italldependsonwhetherwewillsupporthim<在介词后面只能用whether>

&Hedoesnotknowwhethertostayornot如果是直接接动词不定式只能用whether>

7.Hedoesnotknowwhether（if）heshouldstayornot如果弓I导的是这种宾语从句两者皆可以用〉

8.Hedidnotknowwhetherornotshehasbeenready如果是直接跟ornot只能用whether>

9.Iwonderif/whetherthenewsistrue•如果引导的是这种宾语从句两者皆可以用〉

10.Hewasnotsureif/whetheritisrightorwrong•参见第四种>

111donotcarefitdoesnotrain••如果宾语从句是否定句习惯上用if>

状语从句

Ifyoucomeherehewillcometoo条件状语从句>备注:

在时间状语从句和

条件状语从句中从句不能用将来时

Heislatebecauseheisjll原因状语从句>

Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthebus结果状语从句>

HegotupsoearlythathecouldcatchthebusK的状语从句>

TheArmywalkedinthestreetwhilepeopleweredancings伴随状语从句

>

Icameherewhenyouwentout•时间状语从句〉

Iwillgowhereourcountrymostneedsme地点状语从句〉

soffice

Ididthethingasyousaid•方式状语从句〉

44.Hedidn'trealizehehadleftthefilesinhiscustomer

backtothecompany.（09）

A）ifB）untilC）uniessD）since

67.Hewillgoabroadtofurtherhisstudynextyearhegetsa

scholarshiporenoughmoney.（09）

A）ifB）soC）tillD）although

73.shejoinedthecompanyonlyayearago,she'salreadybeenpromote

twice.（09）

A）BecauseB）IfC）AlthoughD）When

42.Johnfrequentlyattemptstoescapebeingfinedwheneverhetraffic

regulations.（08）

A）breaksB）isbreakingC）willbreakD）broke

72.weenteredthehall,anattendantcameupandofferedusali

A）AslongasB）AsfarasC）AswellasD）Assoonas

78.Johnisinratherpoorhealth,hecanhardlyresistcatchingcolds08）

A）AlthoughB）SinceC）AfterD）opposed

51.1mybreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.（07）

A）washavingB）hadbeenhavingC）hadD）amhaving

62.weweregiventherightaddress,wefoundherhouseeasily.（06\07）

A）SinceB）AlthoughC）IfD）So

54.Mostofthegraduatingstudentshavedecidedtogotheyaremost

needed.（06）

A）whereB）whichC）whatD）how

补语从句

Iputthebookwhereitwas・<尤语从句，也可理解为补语从句〉

Abigroom

定语从句

先行词

关系词v包括关系代词，关系副词〉

关系代词：

whichthatwhowhosewhomas

关系畐U词：

wherewhenwhy

限制性定语从句

Thisisthehouse（which）luxunlivedin.=Thisisthehouse（that）luxunlived

in.=Thisisthehouseinwhichluxunoncelived・

Thisisthehousewhereluxunoncelivec瞻前顾后>

Isavedtheboywhosemotherismyteacher.

Heisthemanwhosavedtheboyyesterday.

Heistheboy（whom）themansavedyesterday.

IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheArmy.=lwillneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheArmy.

Thisisthehousewhereluxunoncelived.

Idonotknowthereasonwhyheislate.

45.IdonnoWkwillmakethefinaldecisionforoursummertrip.（09）

A）whatB）whichC）whomD）who

52.Inhisspeechheadvicetowasinterestedinthefieldofcomputer

scienee.（09）

A）.thatB）.whoeverC）whomD）whose

79.EachARSscientistproposalwasacceptedwillreceive$80000fortwo

yearsofhigh-priorityresearch.（09）

A）whoB）whoseC）whichD）what

48.Astotheelection,pleasegiveyourvotetoyouthinkyoucantrus（08）

A）whoB）whomC）oneD）whoever

as

1.Heisas（so）greatapainteraseverlived.（asso…as）as,

2.IboughtsuchawatchasisshownonTV.<当sucha修饰先行词时用as>

61.Wehopethatsuchabookishelpfultoourresearchworkison

sale.（05）

A）thatB）asC）whichD）till

3.Iboughtthesamewatchas（that）isshownonTV

行词时用as>

4.Heisagoodstudent,which（as）weallknow•当在非限制性定语从句中

代替前面的一句话时用as或which但一旦提前只能用as>

例如：

Asweallknow,heisagoodstudent.

非限制性定语从句

IwillgotoBeijing,wherethereisameeting・

That不能用于非限制定语从