初中八种时态总复习.docx
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初中八种时态总复习.docx
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初中八种时态总复习
九年级时态总复习
一、一般现在时(PresentSimpleTense)
(一)概念:
表示习惯性,经常性的动作;表示现在的状态与特征;表示普遍真理。
(二)结构:
dodoes
(三)标志语:
often,always,usually,sometimes,everyday(week,month,year...)
e.g.1.Iusuallyhavelunchathome.
2.SometimesLinglingwatchesTVwithhisparents.
3.Theearthgoesaroundthesun.Andthemoongoesaroundtheearth.
4.Wearemiddleschoolstudents.MissGaoisourEnglishteacher.
(四)变化规律
1.当主语是第三人称单数时,动词有下列几种变化规则:
(动词的第三人称单数形式,简称为“动词的三单形式”)
规则
动词原形
动词的三单形式
一般动词在词尾加-s
help
play
swim
helps
plays
swims
以字母s,x,o,ch,sh结尾的动词加-es,
watch
wash
go
watches
washes
goes
如果动词原形词尾已有-e,则加-s.
write
move
writes
moves
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es.
carry
cry
carries
cries
2.动词三单形式的不规则变化:
be---ishave---has
(五)句式
1.肯定句:
主语+动词(do/does/be—am,is,are)+其他.
Sheisquiet.Ilikeplayingsoccer.Shelikesplayingping-pong.
2.否定句:
主语+be+not+其他.
主语+助动词do/does+not+动词原形+其他.
(动词原形的助动词是do,动词的三单形式的助动词是does)
Sheisnot(isn’t)quiet.Idonot(don’t)likeplayingsoccer.
Shedoesnot(doesn’t)likeplayingping-pong.
3.一般疑问句:
(1)Be(Am/Is/Are)+主语+其他:
---Isshequiet?
---Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.
---Areyouastudent?
---Yes,Iam./No,I’mnot.
(2)助动词Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他?
---Doyoulikeplayingsoccer?
---Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.
---Doesshelikeplayingping-pong?
---Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.
4.特殊疑问句:
疑问词+一般疑问句?
Howisshe?
Whatareyou?
Whatdoyoulike?
Whatdoesshelike?
(六)练习
写出下列动词的三单形式:
1.get________2.say_______3.guess________4.teach_________
5.come________6.do________7.like_________8.study_________
9.know________10.make_______11.catch__________12.marry_________
用所给词的适当形式填空:
1.Thetwins___________(wash)theclotheseveryday.
2.Sometimeshe___________(play)basketballoverthere.
3.---Howoften________Sally______?
---She________onceaweek.(sing)
4.Hainan_________(be)agreatplacetovisit.
5.Jack________(throw)theballtoJohnandJohn________(catch)it.He______(jump)and________(cast)intothebasket.(表示“比赛解说”)
改写下列句子:
1.HanYuisfifteenyearsold.(改为一般问句及否定句)
_______HanYufifteenyearsold?
HanYu________fifteenyearsold.
2.Theygotothemoviesonceaweek.(对划线部分提问)
_____________________they_______tothemovies?
3.Heoftenhaslunchatschool.(改为否定句)
He________often________lunchatschool.
4.Mikeusuallydoeshomeworkwithhisfriendsintheevening.
(改为一般疑问句并作出肯定回答)
---______Mikeusually_______homeworkwithhisfriendsintheevening?
---______,he________.
二、一般过去时(PastSimpleTense)
(一)概念:
表示过去的情况或过去习惯性动作
(二)结构:
did(动词过去式)
(三)标志语:
yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,ago,last...,in1998
e.g.1.IhadlunchathomelastMonday.
2.LinglingwatchedTVwithhisparentslastnight.
3.Iwasamiddleschoolstudenttwentyyearsago.NowI’mateacher.
4.Themanlefttheroomwithoutsayingawordjustnow.
(四)动词过去式构成:
1.规则变化
规则
动词原形
动词的过去式(过去分词)
一般动词在词尾加-ed
help
play
watch
helped
played
watched
重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写此辅音字母再加-ed
stop
plan
stopped
planned
如果动词原形词尾已有-e,则加-d.
like
move
liked
moved
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-ed.
carry
cry
carried
cried
2.不规则动词过去式变化要特殊记忆(见教科书最后一页)
begin---beganare---weredo---didgo---went
(五)句式
1.肯定句:
主语+动词(did/be---was,were)+其他.
Shewasquietwhenshewasayounggirl.
IlikedplayingsoccerwhenIwasastudent.
Sheboughtanewbikelastmonth.
2.否定句:
主语+was/were+not+其他.
主语+助动词did+not+动词原形+其他.
Shewasnot(wasn’t)quietwhenshewasayounggirl.
Ididnot(didn’t)likeplayingsoccerwhenIwasastudent.
Shedidnot(didn’t)buyanewbikelastmonth.
3.一般疑问句:
(1)Be(Was/Were)+主语+其他:
---Wasshequietwhenshewasayounggirl?
---Yes,shewas./No,shewasn’t.
---Wereyouastudentthreeyearsago?
---Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasn’t.
(2)助动词Did+主语+动词原形+其他?
---Didyoulikeplayingsoccerwhenyouareyoung?
---Yes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.
---Didshebuyanewbikelastmonth?
---Yes,shedid./No,shedidn’t.
4.特殊疑问句:
疑问词+一般疑问句?
Wherewassheyesterdaymorning?
WherewereyoulastFridaymorning?
Whatdidyoulikeplayingwhenyouwereastudent?
Whatdidshebuylastmonth?
(六)练习写出下列动词的过去式:
1.get________2.say_______3.guess________4.teach_________
5.come________6.do________7.like_________8.study_________
9.know________10.make_______11.catch__________12.marry_________
13.shop_________14.play__________15.wash_________16.are___________
用所给动词的适当形式填空:
1.Thetwins___________(wash)theclothesyesterday.
2.Thedaybeforeyesterdayhe________(play)basketballoverthere.
3._____Sally______(sing)twohoursago?
4.---HaveyoureadabookcalledJaneEyre《简爱》?
---No.Who_________(write)it?
5.---Where’sthecakeImadethismorning?
---We_________(eat)it,mon.Canyoumakeanotheroneforus?
6.LiMing________(get)upearlythismorning,_______(have)breakfastandthen_______(go)toschoolbybus.
7.Yesterday,Tony’sfamily_______(have)agoodtime.
改写句子:
1.Shewasquietwhenshewasayounggirl.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
_________shequietwhenshewasayounggirl?
________,she_________.
2.IlikedplayingsoccerwhenIwasastudent.(对划线部分提问)
___________________you____________________whenIwasastudent?
4.Shehadbreakfastwithhermotherthismorning.(改为否定句)
She_________________breakfastwithhermotherthismorning.
5.Kangkangwenttoschoolbybusyesterday.(改为一般疑问句并作出否定回答)
________Kangkang________toschoolbybusyesterday?
________,she________.
三、现在进行时(PresentProgressiveTense)
(一)概念:
表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作;也表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
(二)结构:
be(is,am,are)+doing
(三)标志语:
now,置于句首的Look,Listen.
Theyareplayingbasketballnow.他们正在打篮球。
Look!
Abirdisflyinginthesky.看!
一只鸟在空中飞翔。
Listen!
Agirlissingingintheroom.听!
一个女孩子在房间里唱歌。
---Whatareyoudoingnow?
你们现在在做什么?
---Iamdoingmyhomework,mymotheriscookingandmyfatheriswatchingTV.
我在做作业,我妈妈在做饭,爸爸在看电视。
Weareworkingonthefarmthesedays.这些天我们在农场工作。
Iamwritingabookthismonth.这个月我在写一本书。
(四)动词的-ing形式(现在分词)的构成:
规则
动词原形
动词的-ing形式(现在分词)
一般动词在词尾加-ing
spend
play
watch
spending
playing
watching
重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写此辅音字母再加-ing
stop
plan
begin
stopping
planning
beginning
以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ing
write
make
writing
making
以-ie结尾的动词,改ie为y再加-ing
lie
die
lying
dying
(五)句式
1.肯定句:
主语+am/is/are+V-ing+其他.
Sheisreadingabooknow.Look!
Theyarelisteningtotheteachercarefully..
2.否定句:
主语+am/is/are+not+V-ing+其他.
Sheisnot(isn’t)readingabooknow.
Look!
Theyarenot(aren’t)listeningtotheteachercarefully.
3.一般疑问句:
(1)Am/Is/Are+主语+V-ing+其他?
---Isshereadingabooknow?
---Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.
---Aretheyplayinginthegarden?
---Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.
4.特殊疑问句:
疑问词+一般疑问句?
Whatisshedoingnow?
Whoaretheylisteningto?
写出下列动词的ing形式:
1.get________2.say_______3.guess________4.teach_________
5.come________6.do________7.swim_________8.study_________
9.tie________10.make_______11.catch__________12.have_________
13.shop_________14.buy__________15.wash_________16.be___________
用所给词的适当形式填空:
1.---Hi,Sarah!
What______you______(do)?
---I_______(listen)tomusic.
2.---WhereisTom?
---He____________(come).
3.He____________(clean)thehallwayat5:
00yesterdayafternoon.
4.Listen!
Who____________(cry)intheroom?
5.Look!
Jimandhisfriends______________(wait)abusatthebusstop.
6.Myfather___________________(read)newspaperwhenIcamehome.
7.---_________yourbrother__________(sleep)inhisbedroom?
---No.Heisreadingastorybook.
改写句子:
1.Iamwritingabookthismonth.(变为一般疑问句并作出肯定和否定回答)
______you______abookthismonth?
_____,I______./No,I______.
2.BruceiswatchingEnglishTVprograminthesitting-room.(变为否定句)
Bruce___________________EnglishTVprograminthesitting-room.
3.Look!
Theworkersarecarryingsomeheavyboxes.(对划线部分提问)
Look!
_________________theworkers_________?
4.Look!
Theworkersarecarryingsomeheavyboxes.(对划线部分提问)
Look!
______________________theworkers_________?
四、过去进行时(PastProgressiveTense)
(一)概念:
表示过去某时正在进行的动作。
(二)结构:
be(was,were)+doing
(三)标志语:
atthistime,at+时间点+过去时间(at9:
00o'clocklastnight),when,while.
Iwasdoingmyhomeworkat9:
00yesterdayevening.昨天晚上9点我在做作业。
WewerehavinganEnglishclassatthistimeofyesterdaymorning.
昨天早上的这个时候我们在上英语课。
---Whatwereyoudoingwhenthetelephonerang?
---IwassurfingtheInternet.
电话铃响的时候你在做什么?
我在上网浏览。
MyfatherwaswatchingTVwhilemymotherwascooking.
当我妈妈在煮饭时,我爸爸在看电视。
(四)动词的-ing形式(现在分词)的构成:
(同上)
(五)句式:
同现在进行时的句式,只需要把am,is改成was,把are改成were.
巩固练习
用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.I_________(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.
2.---__________she________(play)theguitaryesterday?
---No,she______.
3.---What__________Tom__________(do)at9:
00onSaturdayevening?
---He________(watch)TVand________(read)aninterestingbook.
4.Theyall__________(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.
5.Listen!
Who______________(knock)atthedoor?
6.---When_______you_______(write)thissong?
---I_____________(write)itlastyear.
7.Myfriend,Carol,___________(study)forthemathtestand__________(read)Englishlastnight.
8._________Mr.Li________(do)theprojectonMondaymorning?
9.---How_________(be)theweathertoday?
---It_________(be)rainy.
10.---________(be)yourmotherasalesassistantlastyear?
---No.she_________.
11.Weoften___________(play)inthe
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