新视野大学英语2 Unit7.docx
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新视野大学英语2 Unit7.docx
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新视野大学英语2Unit7
Unit7
SectionA
Pre-readingActivities
FirstListening
Pleaselistentoashortpassagecarefullyandpreparetoanswersomequestions.
SecondListening
Listentothetapeagain.Thenanswerthefollowingquestionswithyourownexperiences.
1)Whatcausesstress?
2)WhataretheNICEfactors?
Whyaretheyimportant?
3)HowdowefollowBenFranklin'sexample?
LightenYourLoadandSaveYourLife
Ifyouoftenfeelangryandoverwhelmed,likethestressinyourlifeisspinningoutofcontrol,thenyoumaybehurtingyourheart.
Ifyoudon'twanttobreakyourownheart,youneedtolearntotakechargeofyourlifewhereyoucan—andrecognizetherearemanythingsbeyondyourcontrol.
SosaysDr.RobertS.Eliot,authorofanewbooktitledFromStresstoStrength:
HowtoLightenYourLoadandSaveYourLife.He'saclinicalprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofNebraska.
Eliotsaystherearepeopleinthisworldwhomhecalls"hotreactors".Forthesepeople,beingtensemaycausetremendousandrapidincreasesintheirbloodpressure.
Eliotsaysresearchershavefoundthatstressedpeoplehavehighercholesterollevels,amongotherthings."We'vedoneyearsofworkinshowingthatexcessalarmorstresschemicalscanliterallyburstheartmusclefibers.Whenthathappensithappensveryquickly,withinfiveminutes.Itcreatesmanyshortcircuits,andthatcausescrazyheartrhythms.Theheartbeatslikeabagofwormsinsteadofapump.Andwhenthathappens,wecan'tlive."
Eliot,64,sufferedaheartattackatage44.Heattributessomeofthecausetostress.Foryearshewasa"hotreactor".Ontheexterior,hewascool,calmandcollectedbutontheinterior,stresswaskillinghim.He'snowdoingverywell.
ThemainpredictorsofdestructivelevelsofstressaretheFUDfactors—fear,uncertaintyanddoubt—togetherwithperceivedlackofcontrol,hesays.
Formanypeople,therootoftheirstressisanger,andthetrickistofindoutwheretheangeriscomingfrom."Doestheangercomefromafeelingthateverythingmustbeperfect?
"Eliotasks.
"That'sverycommoninprofessionalwomen.Theyfeeltheyhavetobeallthingstoallpeopleanddoitallperfectly.Theythink,'Ishould,Imust,Ihaveto.'Goodenoughisnevergoodenough.Perfectionistscannotdelegate.Theygetangrythattheyhavetocarryitall,andtheyblowtheirtops.Thentheyfeelguiltyandtheystartthewholecycleoveragain."
"Othersareangrybecausetheyhavenocompassinlife.Andtheygivethesameemphasistoatrafficjamthattheygiveafamilyargument,"hesays."Ifyouownangerformorethanfiveminutes—ifyoustirinyourownjuicewithnosafetyoutlet—youhavetofindoutwhereit'scomingfrom."
"Whathappensisthatthehotterpeopleget,physiologically,withmentalstress,themorelikelytheyaretoblowapartwithsomeheartproblem."
Onesteptocalmingdownisrecognizingyouhavethistendency.Learntobelesshostilebychangingsomeofyourattitudesandnegativethinking.
Eliotrecommendstakingchargeofyourlife."Ifthereisonewordthatshouldbesubstitutedforstress,it'scontrol.InsteadoftheFUDfactors,whatyouwantistheNICEfactors—new,interesting,challengingexperiences."
"Youhavetodecidewhatpartsofyourlifeyoucancontrol",hesays."Stopwhereyouareonyourtrailandsay,'I'mgoingtogetmycompassoutandfindoutwhatIneedtodo.'"
Hesuggeststhatpeoplewritedownthesixthingsintheirlivesthattheyfeelarethemostimportantthingsthey'dliketoachieve.BenFranklindiditatage32."Hewrotedownthingslikebeingabetterfather,beingabetterhusband,beingfinanciallyindependent,beingstimulatedintellectuallyandremainingeven-tempered—hewasn'tgoodatthat."
Eliotsaysyoucanfirstmakealistof12things,thencutitdownto6andsetyourpriorities."Don'tgiveyourselfimpossiblethings,butthingsthatwillaffectyouridentity,controlandself-worth."
"Putthemonanotecardandtakeitwithyouandlookatitwhenyouneedto.Sincewecan'tcreatea26-hourdaywehavetodecidewhatthingswe'regoingtodo."
Keepinmindthatovertimetheseprioritiesaregoingtochange."Thekidsgrowup,thedogdiesandyouchangeyourpriorities."
FromEliot'sviewpoint,theotherkeytocontrollingstressisto"realizethatthereareothertroublesomepartsofyourlifeoverwhichyoucanhavelittleornocontrol—liketheeconomyandpoliticians".
Youhavetorealizethatsometimeswiththingsliketrafficjams,deadlinesandunpleasantbosses,"Youcan'tfight.Youcan'tflee.Youhavetolearnhowtoflow."
Words:
777
NEWWORDS
▲overwhelm
vt.1.cover(sth./sb.)completelyorcausetofeelsuddenstrongfeeling使不知所措,(感情上)使(某人)受不了
2.defeat胜过,击败
spin
v.1.(causeto)moveroundandroundquickly(使)迅速地旋转
2.make(thread)bytwisting(cotton,etc.)纺线,纺纱,纺织
n.[C,U]theactionofturningorspinningmovement旋转
title
vt.giveanameto(abook,anarticle,etc.)给(书、文章等)取名
n.1.[C]anameofabook,picture,etc.名称,题目
2.[C]awordwhichisusedbeforesb.'sname称呼,头衔
react
vi.1.behavedifferentlyorchangeasaresultofsth.作出反应,回应
2.(against)respondtosb./sth.withhostility反对,反抗
reactor
n.[C]原子反应堆,核反应堆
tense
a.1.unabletorelax紧张的
2.stretchedtight拉紧的,绷紧的
v.(causesb./sth.to)becometense(使)紧张,(使)绷直
▲cholesterol
n.[U]胆固醇
excess
a.extraoradditional额外的,附加的
n.anamountwhichismorethanacceptable,expectedorreasonable无节制,过量
fiber(英fibre)
n.[C,U]纤维,纤维物质
circuit
n.1.[C]aclosedconnectionofwiresthroughwhichelectricitycanflow电路
2.[C]sth.shapedlikeacircle环道,环形道
worm
n.[C]虫,蠕虫
pump
n.[C]amachineordeviceforforcingwater,gasorairinto,outoforthroughsth.泵
vt.causeair,gas,water,etc.tomoveinaspecifieddirectionbyusingapump(用泵)抽吸(或运送)
attribute
vt.(usedinthephrase:
~sth.tosb./sth.)regardsth.asbelongingto;causedbyorproducedbysb./sth.把……归因于;把……归咎于
n.[C]aqualityregardedasanaturalpartofsb./sth.特性,属性
exterior
n.[C]externalappearance,outside外部,外面,外表
a.onorcomingfromtheoutside外部的,外面的,外表的
interior
n.[C]innerpart;inside内部
a.inorcomingfromtheinside内部的
▲destructive
a.causingseriousdamage破坏的
▲perfection
n.[U]stateofbeingperfect完美,十全十美,尽善尽美
perfectionist
n.[C]apersonwhoisnotsatisfiedwithanythinglessthanperfection力求完美者,完美主义者,凡事求全者
delegatevt.1.give(dutiesorrights,etc.)tosb.inalowerpositionorgrade授权,委托权限
2.chooseorsendsb.asarepresentative选派……为代表
n.[C]apersonchosenorelectedbyagrouptospeak,vote,etc.forthem,esp.atameeting代表
cycle
n.1.[C]aseriesofeventsthatareregularlyrepeatedinthesameorder循环,周期
2.[C]abicycle,motorcycle,etc.自行车(脚踏车),摩托车
vi.rideabicycle骑自行车
emphasis
n.[U,C](placingof)specialmeaning,valueorimportance(onsth.)强调
jamn.1.[C]crowdingtogetherofpeople,things,etc.sothatmovementisdifficultorimpossible堵塞
2.[U]果酱
vt.thruststh.intoaspace把……塞入,挤入
vi.beunabletomove卡住
argument
n.1.[C]aquarrel争论,争吵
2.[C]areasonorreasonsputforward论据,论点,理由
stir
v.1.move(sth.)inaroundmotionthroughaliquidormixture搅和,搅拌,拌匀
2.excite(apersonorhisfeelings,etc.)使激动,惹起,激起
n.1.[C]theactionofstirring搅和,搅拌
2.[U]excitement;fuss激动;骚乱,动乱
outlet
n.1.[C]meansofsettingfree(energy,strongfeelings,etc.)发泄(精力、感情)的方法
2.[C]wayout出口
▲physiological
a.生理的,生理学的
physiologically
ad.生理上,在生理学上
recommend
vt.1.suggest;advise建议,劝告
2.praisesb.assuitableforapurposeorforapost推荐,举荐
financial
a.concerningmoney财政的,金融的
financially
ad.在金融上,在财政上
independent
a.1.notdependent(onotherpeopleorthings);notcontrolled(byotherpeopleorthings)独立的,自主的,自立的
2.notunfairlyinfluencedbythepeople无偏见的,中立的
stimulate
vt.makesb./sth.moreactive刺激,激励,激发
temper
n.1.[C]stateofthemindasregardsangerorcalmness心情,情绪
2.theusualstateofyourfeelingswhichmakesyoubecomeangryeasilyorstaycalm性情,脾气
vt.softentheeffectsofsth.使缓和,调和
even-tempered
havingacalmgoodtemper;noteasilymadeangry性情平和的;不易激动的
priority
n.1.[C]thethingthatis(regardedas)moreimportantthanothers优先处理的事
2.[U]thestateorrightofcomingbeforeothersinpositionortime居先,优先(权)
viewpoint
n.[C]apointofview观点,看法
troublesome
a.givingtrouble;causingpain令人烦恼的,麻烦的,使人痛苦的
politician
n.1.[C]apersonwhoisskilledathandlingpeopleorsituations,oratgettingpeopletodowhathewants政客
2.[C]apersonactivelyconcernedwithpoliticalaffairs政治家
deadline
n.[C]apointintimebywhichsth.mustbedone最后期限
flee
v.runorhurryaway;escape逃跑,逃避,逃逸
PHRASESANDEXPRESSIONS
beoutofcontrol
becomenolongermanageable失去控制,不听约束
bloodpressure
血压
blowone'stop
loseone'stemper大发雷霆
stirinone'sownjuice
sufferfromunpleasantfeelings受煎熬
blowapart
breakbyanexplosion爆炸
onone'strail
onone'sway在……路上
cutdown
reducetheamountorquantityofsth.减少……的数量
keepsth.inmind
remembersth.记住
PROPERNAMES
RobertS.Eliot
罗伯特·S·埃利奥特
Nebraska
内布拉斯加州(美国州名)
BenFranklin
本·弗兰克林
SectionB
AreYouaWorkaholic?
There'sabigdistinctionbetweenworkinghardandbeingaworkaholic.
Workinghardinvolvesbeingorganized,focused,gettingalotofworkdone,knowingwhentostop,andhavingalifeotherthanwork.Workaholics,ontheotherhand,areoftendisorganized,alwaysfindreasonsforworkingmore,feellostwithoutworktodo,hidefromproblemsthroughwork,don'tknowhoworwhentorelax,bringworkhomefromthe
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