Unit 2知识点.docx
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Unit 2知识点.docx
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Unit2知识点
Unit2
DifficultSentences
1.WordpassesquicklyinsmallVermonttowns.
Whatcanyouinferfromthesentence?
(=TownsinVermontaresmall;peopleusuallyknoweachotherandtendtosharewitheachotherwhattheyknow.)
TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.
(=在佛蒙特州的小镇上,消息传播得很快。
)
2.Ifyou’reanythinglikeyourfather,you’llbeasmartboy.
Whatisthemeaningofthesentence?
(=Theteacherbelievesthattheboycanbecomeaverycleverstudentifhecanlearnsomethingfromhisfather.)
Whatwastheauthor’sattitudetowardthisremark?
(=Theauthorwasveryhappytohearitbecauseatthatmomenthewasquiteproudtobethesonofhisfather.)
3.IgroanedwheneverIheardtheircompliments.
Whatdoesthesentenceimply?
(=Theboydidnotagreewiththeneighbors’opinions.Asateenager,hewantedtobeindependentandwantedhisownidentity.)
TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.
(=每当我听到这些赞美,我都很不以为然地哼哼几声。
)
4.IwonderedhowIwouldeverfitinwithmyteenagefriends.
Paraphrasethesentence.
(=IwantedtoknowhowIwouldgetalongwellwithotherchildrenaroundme.)
Whywasitdifficultforhim?
(=Becausehehadafatherwithsuchagoodreputationandwhowassounusualandoutstanding,theboyseemeddifferenttohisfriends.)
5.IsurvivedmylastyearsofhighschooluntilfinallyIturnedeighteen.
Whatcanyouinferfromthesentence?
(=Theboyhaddifficultylivingintheshadeofhisfather,buthemanagedtogothroughthoselastfewyearsinhishighschool.)
6.I’dgiveanythingtobecalledmyfather’schild.
Whatisthemeaningofthepattern“…wouldgivealot/anything/theworldtodosth.”?
(=Itisanidiomaticexpressionwhichmeansthespeakerisveryeagertodosomethingorhavesomething.)
Paraphrasethesentence.
(=Iwouldlikeverymuchtobecalledmyfather’schild.)
7.Myfatheragreed,butnotwithouthisusualwarning.
Whatisthefunctionof“notwithout”inthissentence?
(=Itisdoublenegation.Itisforemphasis.)
Paraphrasethesentence.
(=Myfatheragreedtoletmedrivehiscar,buthewarnedmetobecareful,asheusuallydid.)
8.IhitthecarrightinfrontofminebeforeIknewit.
Whatisthemeaningofthesentence?
(=Hewasabsent-mindedwhenhewasdriving.Hedidnotnoticetheothercaruntilhecrashedintoit.)
9.MyfatherandIrarelyhug.Butrecallingtheday’sevents,Iwrappedmyarmsaroundhisshoulders.
WhydidtheboyhughisfatherontheNewYear’sEve?
(=Herealizedtheimportanceoftheunionbetweenhimandhisfather.Heregrettedforbeingsoignorantbefore.)
Whatisafather’srealname?
(=Achildshouldcallhisorherfather“Dad”insteadofhisfirstname.)
WordsandExpressions
1.settlein/intosth.:
getusedto(newsurroundings,etc.)
*Ittakesafewmonthstosettleintolifeatcollege.
*Weonlymovedhouselastweekandwehaven’tsettledinyet.
NB:
settle(sb.)in/intosth.在这个短语中,动词settle后也可以加宾语;介词into和in可以互换,例如:
*Wesettledthechildrenin/intonewschoolswhenwemovedtoLondon.
2.beam:
1)v.
smilebrightlyandhappily
*Hebeamedhisapprovalofthenewidea.
*Hebeamedonhisvisitors.
emitortransmit
*ThisprogramisbeamedtoEuropeancountriesat10:
00daily.
这条新闻由卫星向全世界传送。
(=Thenewswasbeamedtothewholeglobebysatellites.)
2)n.
abrightandhappylookorsmile
*Theoldladyopenedthedoorwithabeam.
arayorshaftoflight
*Thebeamsofthesearchlightsfingeredtheskyovertheairport.
Collocation:
beamwithsatisfaction满意地微笑
beamwithjoy眉飞色舞,笑逐颜开
abeamoflight一束光线
abeamofdelight笑逐颜开
3.fitinwith:
(causeto)matchoragree
*Hedoesn’tfitinwiththesepeople.
*Hisgoodmoodfitinwiththejoyfuloccasion.
Pattern:
fitin(with)适合;适应;符合;协调
fitinto适应;协调
fiton装上;把……置于原处;试穿
fitoneselffor作好……的准备
4.onone’sown:
withouthelp
*Shelivesonherown.
我独自去旅游,我可以决定什么时候出发上路,在什么地方多玩一会儿。
(=Travelingonmyown,Icandecidewhentostartonmywayandwheretolingeralittlelonger.)
5.stubborn:
adj.determined,esp.toanunreasonabledegree;withastrongwill
*Shewon’tdowhatIask—she’sverystubborn.
Collocation:
asstubbornasamule像骡子一样顽固;非常固执
astubbornresistance顽强的抵抗
astubbornillness顽疾
astubbornproblem棘手的问题
NB:
名词形式为stubbornness。
6.survive:
v.
1)vt.continuetoliveorexistafter
*Shesurvivedherhusbandbyfiveyears.
*Thehousesurvivedthestorm.
2)vi.toremainaliveorinexistence
*Themanwasveryill,buthesurvived.
洪水过后,生还者极少。
(=Fewsurvivedaftertheflood.)
NB:
名词形式为survival。
7.enroll:
v.[(as,in)]make(oneselforanotherperson)officiallyamemberofagroup
*Weenrolledintheeveningclass.
我们吸收他为会员。
(=Weenrolledhimasamemberofthesociety.)
NB:
enroll为AmericanEnglish拼法,在BritishEnglish中,该词拼写为enrol,二者对应的名词形式分别为enrollment和enrolment。
8.comparewith:
examineorjudge(onething)inrelationtoanotherthinginordertoshowthepointsofsimilarityordifference
*Livinginatowncan’tcomparewithlivinginthecountry.
Collocation:
compareonethingwithanother将一物与另一物比较
comparefavorablywith优于;不亚于
nottobecomparedwith相差极远,远不如
CF:
compare,compareto,comparewith&contrast
这些动词和动词短语均含“比较”之意。
compare侧重比较两个或更多东西的异同优劣,强调相同或类似之处。
compareto指两物有类似或相似之处,从而“把(一物)比作(另一物)”。
comparewith指“把……用……作比较”以便找出差异或好坏。
contrast指比较两个或更多东西之间的差异,侧重不同点。
Directions:
Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.
1)Thepoet______hislover_____aroseinhispoems.(=compares…to)
2)Heractions______sharply_____herpromises.(=contrasted…with)
3)Ifyou______herwork______his,you’llfindhersismuchbetter.(=compare…with)
4)Scientistssometimes______thehumanbrain______acomputer.(=compare…to)
9.frown:
vi.bringtheeyebrowstogetherinangeroreffort,causinglinestoappearontheforehead
*Hefrownedashetriedtoworkoutthesum.
*Theteacherfrownedangrilyatthenoisyclass.
他不同意食物里放这么多盐。
(=Hefrownedontheuseofsomuchsaltinthefood.)
Pattern:
frownat(on,upon)不赞成,不以为然
10.wouldgiveanything/alot/theworld(todosth.):
wouldverymuchlike(todoorhavesomething)
*Hewouldgivetheworldtomakeherhappy.
NB:
一个类似的短语是wouldgivetheworldtoknowsth.为了知道某事愿付出一切代价
11.awkward:
adj.
1)causingdifficultyoruncomfortablefeelings;inconvenientorembarrassing
*AuntLenacametovisitusatanawkwardtime.
*Therewasanawkwardsilence,whennooneknewwhattosay.
2)notsmoothorgrateful;ungainly
*Thechildisstillawkwardwithhischopsticks.
Collocation:
anawkwardremark令人窘迫的评论
anawkwardsilence令人尴尬的沉默
anawkwardtime不方便的时间
anawkwardquestion棘手问题
anawkwardsituation困难处境
12.inone’sownright:
becauseofapersonalclaimthatdoesnotdependonanyoneelse
*Sheisapeeressinherownright,i.e.notmerelybymarriagetoapeer(贵族).
*ElizabethIIisQueeninherownright.
Collocation:
asofright/byright基于正当的权利
standonone’sownrights坚持自己的权利
withinone’srights不超越自己的权利范围
13.glare:
v.(at,on,upon)lookinanangryway
*Sheglaredatme.
这位老先生只是站在那里对那个扒手怒目而视,一句话也没有说。
(=Theoldgentlemanjuststoodthereglaringatthepickpocketanddidnotsayaword.)
CF:
glare,stare,gaze&peer
这些动词都有“看,瞧”之意。
glare指用愤恨、凶狠或含敌意的眼光死死看着某人。
stare侧重因惊奇、好奇、粗鲁无礼等而睁大眼睛看。
gaze指出于羡慕、感兴趣、关心或惊异而长时间目不转睛地看。
peer指眯着眼睛仔细地或略为吃力地看。
Directions:
Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.
1)Theoldlady_____throughherspectaclesatthecontract.(=peered)
2)Hedidn’tshoutorswear,butjust_____silentlyatme.(=glared)
3)Thechild_____atthetoysintheshopwindow.(=gazed)
4)He_____atthewordtryingtorememberwhatitmeant.(=stared)
5)He_____furiouslyatmewhenIcontradictedhim.(=glared)
14.besickof:
feelannoyance,dislike,andimpatiencefromtoomuchofsomething
*Iamsickofwaitingaroundlikethis.
出去,我一见到你就厌恶。
(=Getout!
Iamsickofthesightofyou.)
Collocation:
sickofwaiting等得不耐烦
sickofitall完全厌倦了这一切
sickandtired筋疲力尽的
besickandtired(of)十分厌倦
besickofdoingnothing闲得发腻
15.wander:
vi.(in,off)
1)walkormoveinaleisurely,casualoraimlessway
*Thechildrenwanderedinthewoods.
2)moveslowlyfromafixedpointorplace
*Hismindiswandering.
*Thechildwanderedoffandgotlost.
Collocation:
wanderabout/overtheworld漫游世界
wanderfromthesubject/point离题
wanderfromthepathofrighteousness迷失了正途
NB:
注意wander和wonder是形近词,但是意思不相同。
wonder表示“惊讶,怀疑,想知道”。
16.survey:
1)v.lookat,examine,orconsidersth.asawhole
*surveytheinternationalsituation
在你出价买那房子之前,先找人鉴定一下。
(=Havethehousesurveyedbeforeyouoffertobuyit.)
2)n.adetailedinspectionorinvestigation
*asurveyofairpollution空气污染调查
*anannualsurvey年度调查
*Accordingtoarecentsurvey,inShanghaithereareabout2.5millionmigrantworkers.
NB:
surveyorn.测量员,检查员
17.sustain:
v.
1)suffer(harmorloss)
*Hesustainedasevereblowonthehead.
*sustainafatalinjury遭受致命的伤害
*sustainlosses蒙受损失
2)keep(sb.orsth.)aliveorinexistence
*Youshouldeatgoodsustainingfood,i.e.foodthatgivesstrength.
CF:
back,uphold,support&sustain
这些动词均有“支持,支援,拥护”之意。
back通常指对论点、行动、事业等的强有力支持。
uphold既可指积极努力支持陷入困境者,也可指在行动、道义或信仰上给某人支持。
support含义广泛,指在道义上或物质上支持某人,也可指对某项事业的支持。
sustain侧重指连续不断的支持。
Directions:
Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.
1)Thebook’sweaknessistheauthor’sinabilityto_____anargument.(=sustain)
2)Youmust_____theargumentwithfacts.(=back)
3)She_____herhusbandwiththemoneysheearnsfromteaching.(=supports)
4)Thejudge_____thelowercourt’sdecision.(=upheld)
NB:
名词sustenance表示“营养、食物”
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