HTML understanding document.docx
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HTML understanding document.docx
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HTMLunderstandingdocument
HTMLUnderstandingdocument
ByNickSunonMay.8th
1.WHATISHTML?
HTML,whichstandsforHyperTextMarkupLanguage,isthepredominantmarkuplanguageforwebpages.HTMListhebasicbuilding-blocksofwebpages.HTMLiswrittenintheformofHTMLelementsconsistingoftags,enclosedinanglebrackets(like),withinthewebpagecontent.HTMLtagsnormallycomeinpairslike
and
.Thefirsttaginapairisthestarttag,thesecondtagistheendtag(theyarealsocalledopeningtagsandclosingtags).Inbetweenthesetagswebdesignerscanaddtext,tables,images,etc.ThepurposeofawebbrowseristoreadHTMLdocumentsandcomposethemintovisualoraudiblewebpages.ThebrowserdoesnotdisplaytheHTMLtags,butusesthetagstointerpretthecontentofthepage.HTMLelementsformthebuildingblocksofallwebsites.HTMLallowsimagesandobjectstobeembeddedandcanbeusedtocreateinteractiveforms.Itprovidesameanstocreatestructureddocumentsbydenotingstructuralsemanticsfortextsuchasheadings,paragraphs,lists,links,quotesandotheritems.ItcanembedscriptsinlanguagessuchasJavaScriptwhichaffectthebehaviorofHTMLwebpages.WebbrowserscanalsorefertoCascadingStyleSheets(CSS)todefinetheappearanceandlayoutoftextandothermaterial.TheW3C,maintainerofboththeHTMLandtheCSSstandards,encouragestheuseofCSSoverexplicitlypresentationalHTMLmarkup.✧HTMLstandsforHyperTextMarkupLanguage
✧HTMLisnotaprogramminglanguage,itisamarkuplanguage
✧Amarkuplanguageisasetofmarkuptags
✧HTMLusesmarkuptagstodescribewebpages
BelowisasimpleexampleofHTML.
MyFirstHeading
Myfirstparagraph.
Andtheresaultisbelow.
2.USAGEOFHTML
HTMLgivesauthorsthemeanstopublishonlinedocumentswhichincludesoundclips,videoclipsandotherapplicationsdirectlyintheirdocuments.
Retrieveonlineinformationviahypertextlinks.
Designformsforconductingtransactionswithremoteservices,foruseinsearchinginformation,andforotherbusinesspurposes.
3.HTMLTAGS
HTMLcodes,alsoreferredtoasHTMLtags,areenclosedbythelessthan(<)andgreaterthan(>)bracketsandmaybewrittenincapitalorlowercaseletters.
Therearetwotypesoftags:
✧ContainerTags:
aretagsthatcontainbothanonandanofftag.
✧EmptyTags:
aretagsthathaveonlyanontagandnoofftag.
BasicHTMLTags:
✧defineHTMLdocument.
✧
definethebodyofdocument.✧
todefinetitle1totitle6.
✧
defineparagraph.
✧
insertaline.
✧
definehorizontalline.
✧
-->definecomment.
3.1:
setsFontcharacteristicsfortext.
✧SIZE--specifiesfontsizeonascaleof1through7,1beingthesmallest
✧COLOR--specifiesthefontcolor
✧FACE--specifiesthefonttype
Hereisasimpleexample:
Andtheresaultisbelow:
3.2
:
DefinesaParagraph.
✧TheoptionalattributeALIGNindicatesthepreferredalignmentforthecontentsofthisparagraph.
✧Browsersdonotusethedefaultalignmentforthenextparagraphunlessthisparagraphisexplicitlyclosed.
Andtheresaultisbelow:
3.3CHARACTERFORMATTINGTAGS
✧--appliesBoldface
✧--appliesItalics
✧--appliesUnderline
✧--appliesEmphasis;displayedasitalics
✧--appliesStrongerEmphasis;displayedasbold
Hereisasimpleexampleasbelow:
✧
3.4OTHERFORMATINGTAGS
✧,--appliesStrikethroughtotext.
✧--specifiesthattheenclosedtextshouldbedisplayedusingabigfont.
✧--specifiesthattheenclosedtextshouldbedisplayedusingasmallfont.
✧
✧--indicatesCitationsorReferences,displayedasitalics.
✧ tag. ✧--formatstextasSubscript. ✧--formatstextasSuperscript. ✧--isusedtoindicatethetexttobetypedbyauserandisrenderedinmonospacedfont. ✧--isusedtoindicateavariablenameandisenderedinitalics ✧--displaysprogramcode;similartothe
✧
--isusedforaddressandcontactinformation.Itisidenticalinfunctiontotheitalicstag.✧defineinsertfont.
✧definedeletefont.
3.5EMPTYTAGS
✧
--isusedtobreakalineinaspecificplace.
✧
✧COMMENT--ThecommenttagisusedtomaketheWebbrowserignoreandhideanythingthetagcontains.Itiswrittenas
--Thisisacomment-->.
✧HORIZONTALRULE--The
tagisusedtoinsertalinebetweenlongsectionsoftext.
✧
--definehorizontalline.
3.6CHARSENTITY
⏹Space
⏹<<
>>
⏹&&
⏹""
⏹''
3.7LISTSTAG
HTMLSupport3typesoflists.Theyare:
✧OrderedLists:
Anorderedlistisalsoalistofitems.Thelistitemsaremarkedwithnumbers.Anorderedliststartswiththe
- tag.Eachlistitemstartswiththe
- tag.
✧UnorderedLists:
Anunorderedlistisalistofitems.Thelistitemsaremarkedwithbullets.Anunorderedliststartswiththe
- tag.Eachlistitemstartswiththe
- tag.
✧DefinitionLists:
Adefinitionlistisnotalistofitems.Thisisalistoftermsandexplanationoftheterms.Adefinitionliststartswiththe
- tag.Eachdefinition-listtermstartswiththe
- tag.Eachdefinition-listdefinitionstartswiththe
- tag.
Hereisasimpleexamplebelow:
UNORDEREDLISTS UnorderedLists
- havebreakfast
- gototemple
- seeamovie
- readnewspaper
OrderedLists
- start
- reada,b
- c=a+b
- printc.
- end.
DefinitionLists
- ASCII
- AmericanStandardCodeforInformationInterchange
- BASIC
- BeginnersAllpurposeSymbolicInstructionCode
- SQL
- StructuredQueryLanguage
- W3C
- WorldWideWebConsortium
Andtheresaultisasbelow:
3.8HYPERLINKS
TheTextorImageonawebpagewhichwhenselectedletsustonavigatetoanotherwebpageorgraphiciscalledasaHyperlink.Basicallytheyareoftwotypestextualhyperlinksandgraphicalhyperlinks.AsthenameindicatestextualHyperlinksaretextbasedandaredisplayedastext.Graphicalhyperlinksuseimagesinplaceoftext.InHTMLwecreatehyperlinkswiththeanchortag(and
TEXTHYPERLINK Asampletexthyperlink
LearnMoreabout Asampleimagehyperlink
LearnMoreaboutSAMPLE1 SAMPLE2 SAMPLE3 Andtheresaultisasbelow:
3.9TABLE
Tablesallowustoorganizeinformationinarowandcolumnformat.InHTML,tablesarecreatedusingthetabletag
,withtheendingtag
.Theessentialtagsthatareusedinsidetheare
(withoptional ),(withoptional )and(withoptional ).每个表格由table标签开始。
每个表格行由tr标签开始。
每个表格数据由td标签开始。
一列:
100 一行三列:
100 200 300 两行三列:
100 200 300 400 500 600 3.10FRAMES
Framesgiveusabilitytodivideabrowserwindowintoseveralindependentparts.
- tag.
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- HTML understanding document
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