Current Situation and Countermeasure on the Development of Taoism Health Preserving Culture Undertak.docx
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Current Situation and Countermeasure on the Development of Taoism Health Preserving Culture Undertak.docx
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CurrentSituationandCountermeasureontheDevelopmentofTaoismHealthPreservingCultureUndertak
CurrentSituationandCountermeasureontheDevelopmentofTaoismHealthPreservingCultureUndertaking
[a]InstituteofPoliticsandPublicAdministration,SouthwestUniversity,Chongqing,China.
*Correspondingauthor.
Received17September2014;accepted25November2014
Publishedonline26December2014
Abstract
ThispaperstartsfromcurrentsituationofTaoismhealthpreservingcultureandexploresitbasedonthetopicofdevelopmentofTaoismhealthpreservingculture.Besides,thepaperdifferentiatesculturalundertakingsandindustrieswhichareconfusedoften,determinesitsconceptandcharacteristicsandputsforwardfeasibleimplementationsteps,specificguidelineandmodeadaptedtomodernsociety.
Keyword:
Taoismhealthpreservingculture;Culturalundertaking;Cultureindustry
Zou,P.Y.(2014).CurrentSituationandCountermeasureontheDevelopmentofTaoismHealthPreservingCultureUndertaking.Cross-CulturalCommunication,10(6),-0.Availablefrom:
http//
DOI:
http:
//dx.doi.org/10.3968/6047
INTRODUCTION
TaoismthinksthatTaogeneratedeverything,includingmankind,theyallembodylawoftheTao.Hence,aatureandmaninonearethehighestprincipleofpreservingone’shealth,whichmeanslettingpeople’slivingactivitiesconformtothelawsofnature.Thehealthmaintenancemodernpeoplecallingmostlyrefertophysicalhealthwhilementalhealthhasbeenrelativelyneglected.Taoismregardspeopleasaunityof“form,qi,soul”and“sexandlife”,thesekindsoftheoriesseparatepeoplefromothernon-lifebody,plantsandanimals.Therefore,Taoismcultureadvocatesaccomplishmentof“form,qi,soul”aswellas“sexandlife”atthesametime,incontextofmodernsociety,itmeanstokeepphysicalandmentalhealthysimultaneously.DuetothatTaoistpracticetakeslivingalonglifewithgoodeyesandearsasthetopgoal,theypaymuchattentiontomaintenanceandextensionoflifeasmuchaspossible.Underbackgroundofthispracticingculture,Taoismhasaccumulatedvaluableexperienceandformedacompletetheoryandmethodforpreservingone’shealth.It’sthemostprominent,obviousandrepresentativealsooneofthesymbolstomakeitdifferentfromotherreligiouscultures,tillnowithasimportantinfluenceandmeaning.
Takeoffitsreligiouscoat,Taoism’sresearch,extensionandpromotiononhealthpreservingculturenodoubthasscientifictheoreticalbasisandgreatpracticalvaluetomodernsocietypeople’sphysicalandmentalhealth,meanwhile,itmayrealizegoodforeshadowing,propaganda,andleadingroleforitsdevelopment.ThispaperdiscussescurrentdevelopmentandcountermeasureaboutTaoismhealthpreservingundertakingsfromitsconceptanddifferencebetweenhealthpreservingculturalundertakingsandindustry. 1.CONCEPTOFTAOISMHEALTHPRESERVINGCULTUREUNDERTAKING
1.1ConceptofCultureUndertaking
Hu(2010)holdstheopinionthatculturalundertakingmeanspeopletakeupsomeregularactivitieswithcertaintargets,scaleandimportantinfluenceonsocialdevelopmentincultureandart,pressandpublication,radio,filmandtelevision.Specifically,itincludessubjectivecontentsuchasthoughtsandtheories,valuecriterion,spiritformaswellasobjectiveelementsincludingcontentcarrier,transmissionmode,culturalfacilitiesandculturalorganizationandmanagementsystem.Generalizedculturalundertakingsincludingbothcultureindustryandthosenon-profitculturalundertakingsdidn’tmakeindustrialoperation.Narrowculturalundertakingmainlyreferstonon-profitculturalundertakings.Ithasthecharacteristicssuchaspublicity,commonweal,diversity,equalityandadvancement.
AccordingtoLi(2012),culturalundertakingmustbeakindofpublicwelfareundertakingsandneverforthepurposeofprofit.Takingupcultureconstruction,promotingthepolitical,spiritual,materialandecologicalcivilizationconstruction,meetingpeople’sgrowingdemandforcultureshouldbeundertakenbysomespecificdepartmentsandunits,it’sakindofindustriesbelongingtonationaleconomy.LiZhengyuangiveshisdefinitionasfollowing:
Culturalundertakingsrefertothosepublicwelfareindustriesengagedintheculturalconstructionandprovidingpublicservice,theyrealizeadministrativemanagementanddirectlycontrolledbytheadministrativedepartmentthroughadministrativemeans.
Tosumup,culturalundertakingsispublicutilitieswhicharenon-profitandpursuingforcommonwealandsocialbenefitmaximization,itisbasedoneducationandservice,servesforsocialpubliclifealsohascertainforward-lookinginguidingideology.
1.2DifferenceBetweenCulturalUndertakingandCultureIndustry
Theconceptsofculturalundertakingandculturalindustryareeasilyconfused,inviewofthis,it’snecessarytodistinguishthemfromdefinition,purpose,principleandoperationmodes.
Hu(2010)considersthatcultureindustryreferstothoseactivitiesprovidingculturalandentertainmentproductsandservicestopublicaswellasactivitiescollectionrelated.Fromproductionpurpose,culturalundertakingsgeneratepublicculturalproductsservingforcountryneedswhilecultureindustriesgeneratefor-profitcommodityandserveformarketneeds;fromsourceofcapital,capitalofculturalundertakingsisfromnationalfinanceandsocialsupportwhilecapitalofculturalindustryisfromenterprise;culturalundertakingsseekhighestsocialbenefitsasoperatingprinciplewhileculturalindustriestakehighesteconomicbenefitastopprinciple;fromtheregulationway,culturalundertakingsacceptdirectcontrolfromnationaladministrativecommandswhileculturalindustriesacceptindirectcontrolsuchasnationallawsandregulations,taxpolicyandpriceleverage. AccordingtoLi(2012),thedifferenceslieinthatwhetheritoperatesthroughthemarketmechanismorindustrialmode,whetherit’sfor-profitornot.Culturalinstitutionswon’trejectprofit-making,theyalsoneedtoimplementcostaccountinganddooperationmanagement.Therefore,it’sbettertouse“non-publicwelfare”todefine“cultureindustry”ratherthan“profit-making”.Tosumup,cultureindustryshouldhavefollowingdefinition:
Cultureindustryisakindof“non-publicwelfare”industrieswhichofferingculturalproductsproductionandculturalconsumptionandimplementingenterprisemanagement,itacceptsindirectcontrolinterventionfromadministrativedepartmentthroughlaw,taxationandpricelever.
Aboveall,inauthor’sopinion,culturalindustryiskindofindustryfor-profitandnon-publicwelfareoperationspursuingformaximizingeconomicefficiencyandbasedonproductionandconsumption.Thekeydifferenceslieatcharacteristicsof“for-profit”and“non-publicwelfare”,“operational”didn’tincludethem.
1.3TheDifferenceBetweenHealthCulturalUndertakingofTaoismandHealthCulturalIndustryofTaoism
Accordingtotheprinciplehowtodefinetheculturalundertakingandtheculturalindustryabove,thehealthyculturalundertakingofTaoismandthehealthyculturalindustryalsoshouldbedefinedanddistinguished.Thehealthculturalundertakingisakindofpublicundertakingswhichisnon-for-profit,publicwelfareandpursuingthemaximumsocialbenefit,supportedbyacademicresearchandeducationpromotion,itshowstheuniquehealthcultureofTaoismsothatitservesthepublichealthlifeinpracticebythemethodandtechnologyofkeepingingoodhealth,italsotheoreticallyleadsthetrendanddirectionofmodernhealthcarethroughthehealththeoryofTaoism.
ThehealthculturalindustryofTaoism,namelyprofitabilityculturalindustry,isbasedonsocialbenefitoriented;itpursuesthemaximumeconomicbenefit.Itbelongstothescopeofindustrializationnotpublicwelfare,andmostlyitisoperatedthroughcompany,studioandinstitution.TheTaoismdoesnotparticipateintheoperationdirectly,andoffertechnicaladviceandsupportatbest.
Thecharacteristicofoperationisn’tthekeyfactortodifferentiatethembecausebothofthemareoperational,andthekeyfactortodifferentiatethetwoisfor-profitandnon-publicwelfare.
2.THEVALUEOFDEVELOPMENTOFTAOISMHEALTHCULTURALUNDERTAKING 2.1BeBeneficialtoPromotePublicPhysicalandPsychologicalHealth
Peoplewholiveintherichmaterialenvironmentmeanwhileareconfrontedwithgreatphysicalandmentalpressure,besidesdifferentkindsofmodernandcivildiseasesallaffectthehuman’shealthylife.ThestudyofthetheoryofhealthpreservingofTaoismistheverythoughtfoundationtosolvetheproblem.Thepromotionofthetheoryisjusttheeffectivewaytorecuperatethebodyandmind.ExcavatingandpopularizingthehealthcultureofTaoismisaneffectivewaytomaketheTaoismadapttothedevelopmentofmodernsocietyandgivebacktosociety,andalsoithasconsiderablepracticalrationality.
2.2BeBeneficialtotheAdaptationofTaoismIntotheDevelopmentofModernSociety
ThedevelopmentofTaoismisfacingdifficultyinmodernsociety.Comparedwithotherreligions,ithasnoadvantagesintheideologicalsystem.Inadditionthatsomeforeigncustomshavebeenbroughtin,thebeliefsystemsoftraditionalreligionsarealsofacinggreatchallenge.Thus,developingthehealthculturalundertakingofTaoismisjustaneffectiveandimportantwayfortheTaoismtoadapttomodernsocietybecauseitnotonlyhasscientificvaluetomeettherealdemandofpeoplewhowanttokeepgoodhealth,butalsoithasculturevalue.BasedonthehealthculturalresourceofTaoism,itcan
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