综合倒装.docx
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综合倒装.docx
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综合倒装
第七章倒装
第一节基本知识与基本概念
【什么是倒装】
倒装是英语中很有意思的一种通过改变句子主语和谓语的正常顺序来表达特殊的意思或达到修辞目的的手段。
英语句子的基本语序是“主语+谓语”,如果将谓语置于主语之前,这种语序就叫做倒装。
【倒装的类型】
倒装句分完全倒装和部分倒装两种情况。
完全倒装指整个谓语都提前到主语之前,但如果主语为代词而不是名词时,主语和谓语并不倒装。
例如:
Herecomesthebus.(全部倒装)
Hereyouare.(因为主语是代词you,所以没有倒装)
部分倒装指将谓语中的一部分,如助动词、情态助动词或系动词be放在主语的前面,其余部分仍在主语后面。
例如:
Onlyinthiswaycanwemakemorecontributionstoourhometown.
【倒装怎么实现?
】
动词倒装的方法一般是:
动词be和主语颠倒进行倒装;(完全倒装和部分倒装通用)例如:
Hereisabookforyou.
OnlyuntilrecentlywasIawareofthenewsituation.
1、如果谓语动词中有助动词、情态助动词,则将它们与主语颠倒,实现部分倒装。
例如:
Hardlyhadwestartedwhentheytoldustostop.
TomcanbeatJackintennisandsocanyou.
OftenhaveItoldyounottotouchanythinginmylab!
3.如果谓语动词是行为动词,其前面既无助动词也没有情态助动词,则用助动词do进行倒装。
例如:
LittledoesheknowaboutChinesehistory.
Jilldidn’tfollowtheteacher’sorderandneitherdidanyoneelse.
第二节 具体考点解析
【考点一、什么情况下需要完全倒装?
】
通常情况下,能引起完全倒装的有三种情况:
1、Therebe结构
Therebe结构及其各种变体就是我们接触最早的,也是我们最熟悉的一种完全倒装。
例如:
Thereusedtobeatempleintheforest.
Therearemanypeopleinfrontofthecityhall.
Therelivedaverysmartking.
Theremaybesomepossibilitythatwecanbechosenforthetask.
1.在Therebe句型中,be可换成live,lie,stand等表示状态的词。
Thereisaboatintheriver.
Therestandsatempleonthetopofthehill.
2、当直接引语放在句首时,谓语动词应该完全放在主语之前。
在直接引语全部置于句首的句子里,引述动词和他的主语往往要倒装.
“Youhavemadegreatprogressthisterm.”saidourteacher.
“Mr.Crossett,”saidmyfather,”willyoupermitanoldpupiltoshakehandswithyou?
”
“Whydidn’tyoujoinus!
”Ourmonitoraskedme.
“Youmustbejoking!
”,shoutedmywife.
“Noway”,saidmybosscoldly.
“HeisthelastmanIwanttosee”,answeredtheboy.
由于受到本身条件的限制,这种情况也很难以高考题的形式出现。
3、当用在以here,there,now,then,in,out,down,up,back,over,away,off等方位副词开头的句子中,或表示方位或方向的介词短语位于句首时,主语是代词时不倒装。
Nowcomesmyturn.
Hereisaletterforyou.
Thenfollowedthreedaysofheavyrain.
Incametheteacher,andthelessonbegan.
Offwentthehorses.
Upwentthearrowintotheair.
Upwenttherocket.
Downcametheplane.
Outrushedthelittleboy.
AwaywentTom.
Incameourheadmaster.
Herecomesthebus.
Theregoesthebell.
Onthetopofthehillstandsanoldtree.
Infrontofthehousesatasmallboy.
注意,这才是真正能出题的一种完全倒装形式。
但限制也比较多,除了三条通用的主语必须是名词不能是代词一条外,它还要求谓语必须是不及物动词。
因为,如果后面的动词有宾语,动词提前的话,句子结构就很尴尬了。
【考点二、否定副词放在句首时的倒装】
3.常把某些副词性短语或表语形容词提到句首,如not,never,hardly,notonly…butalso,neither…nor,seldom,little,rarely,scarcely,nowhere,bynomeans,innotime,hardly/scarcely….when,nosooner…than,notuntil,
HardlydidIthinkitpossible.
Notuntilmidnight,diditstopraining.(主句倒装)
NotuntilshetookofftheglassesdidIrecognizeher
ScarcelyhadIgothome,whenitbegantorain.(从句倒状)
Nosoonerhadhelefthomethanitbegantorain.(从句倒状)
Notonlydoeshelike,butalsohelearnsitwell.(notonly后倒装)
NotonlyIbutalsoshelikesEnglish.(连接主语不倒装)
【考点三、so,such在句首时的倒装】
so,such于句首,后带表语或状语时,其后所接的主句部分倒装。
例如:
Socarelesslydidhedrivethathealmostkilledhimself.
Sofastdidthemotorcyclistrushthateventhepolicemendidn’tcatchhim.
Sosillywasmywifethatshesoldallmybooksatalowprice.
Suchseriousdamagewasdonetomycarthatittooktheworkersamonthtomendit.
Suchgoodpartnersdidwehavethatwefinishedourworkaheadoftime.
【考点四、so,neither,nor在句首时的倒装】
so,neither,nor于句首,表示主语与前面句子的主语情况相同时(既主语不是同一个人或物),句子要部分倒装。
例如:
---Idon’tthinkIcanwalkanyfurther.
---NeithercanI.Let’sstophereforarest.
---Jack,youreallytookgreattroubletohelpJim.
---Sodoyou.
---IheardLarryJohnsonisanexpertinnuclearenergy.
---Yes.Andsoishisbrother.
有时,so引出的句子只是单纯重复前面的内容,重要特点是两个句子的主语是同一个人或物时,句子不倒装。
例如:
---Itwascoldyesterday.
---Soitwas.
---Youleftallthelightsonintheofficelastnight.
---MyGod.SoIdid.
有时,前面的句子提供了两种类型的谓语动词,如一个be动词,一个行为动词或一个肯定一个否定,这时,也不倒装。
例如:
---Maryisahardworkingstudentsandsheoftenhelpsothers.
---Soitiswithhersister.
---Robinsonrobbedabandandwassentencedtoprison.
---Itwasthesamewithhisbrother.
【考点五、only强调状语放在句首时的倒装】
only强调状语放在句首时,句子部分倒装。
例如:
OnlywhenhetoldmethisdidIrealizewhattroublehewasin.
Onlyinthiswaycanyoumasterthespiritofthelanguage.
Onlyuntilrecentlydidweknowthenewdiscoverymade10yearsago.
OnlyyesterdaydidIfinishthebook.
Onlyathomeareyouallowedtosmoke.
置于句首修饰主语和宾语时,不倒装。
Onlytheteachersareallowedtousetheroom.
Onlyhimwecouldfindintheroomjustnow.
【考点六、让步状语从句中的倒装】
though,as引导让步状语从句时,常将表语或状语前置,表语为单数可数名词时冠词要省略。
例如:
Youngas/thoughheis,heknowsmorethanyou.
Freshman(大学一年级学生)as/thoughheis,hehasbeenpickedbyanNBAteam.
Childas/thoughheis,hecanworkoutthedifficultquestion.
Hardastheymaytry,theycanneverachievetheirgoal.
【考点七、频度副词在句首时的倒装】
表示频率的副词often位于句首时句子部分倒装。
例如:
OftenhaveIhavetoldthemnottogoswimminginthatlake.
OftendidIremindhimoftheimportantmeeting.
【考点八、虚拟语气中的倒装】
如果虚拟语气中的虚拟条件句省略if,必须部分倒装。
例如:
Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved. =Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.
HadIhadthechance,Iwouldhavedonebetterthanhim.
=IfIhadhadthechance,Iwouldhavedonebetterthanhim.
WereItobecomearichperson,Iwouldhelpthepoormore.
=IfIweretobecomearichperson,Iwouldhelpthepoormore.
4.疑问句中
Whatdidthetwocheatspretendtobedoing?
Whatdoyouthinkthetwocheatspretendedtobedoing?
(注意)
Whatmakesyousoangry?
(注意)
7.重复句型。
在前后两个并列的句子中,后句以so,nor,neither开始重复前句内容时,主语是不同的人或物,译为……也是时,用倒装。
Hehasfinishedhiswork,sohaveI.
Youcan’tdoit,norcanI.
如果主语是同一人或物,译为…..确实如此时,不用倒装。
Itisfinetoday,soitis.
当前面是复杂情况,如,两个不同形式的主语,两个或两个以上的句子,或既有肯定又有否定时,用soitis/waswithsb./Itis/wasthesamewithsb/Thesamegoesforsb句型。
HermotherisadoctorandworksinthePeople’sHospital.Soitiswithmine.
第三节 巩固练习
一、【夯实基础】
1.____canyouexpectapayrise.
A.WithhardworkB.Althoughworkhard
C.OnlywithhardworkD.Nowthatheworkshard
2.Notasinglesong_____atyesterday’sparty.
A.shesangB.sangsheC.didshesingD.shedidsing
3.IfinallygotthejobIdreamedabout.Neverinallmylife_____sohappy.
A.didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfelt
4.---Itwascarelessofyoutohaveleftyourclothesoutsideallnight.
---MyGod!
______.
A.SodidIB.SoIdidC.SowereyouD.Sodidyou
5.---Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.
---______,and______.
A.Sohehas,soyouhaveB.Sohehas,sohaveyou
C.Sohashe,sohaveyouD.Sohashe,soyouhave
6.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver,_____howseriousthepollutionwas.
A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealized
C.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealize
7.Nowhereelseintheworld_____abetterandcheapercamerathaninourshop.
A.doyoubuyB.youcanbuyC.youwillbuyD.canyoubuy
8.Amongthehigh-riskgroupofheartdisease_____peoplewithapreferenceforfat-richfoods.
A.thereareB.areC.theyareD.whoare
9.Yousayheworksveryhared._____and______.
A.Sohedoes;sodoyouB.Sodoeshe;soyoudo
C.Sohedoes;soyoudoD.Sodoeshe;sodoyou
10._____enteredtheofficewhenherealizedthathehadlefthisreportbehind.
A.HehardlyhadB.HadhehardlyC.HardlyhadheD.Hardlyhehad
11.Soseriously____intheaccidentthathewassenttohospitalatonce.
A.hewasinjuredB.washeinjuredC.hedidinjureD.didheinjure
12._____landisimprovedbysowingitwithvariousseeds,____isthemindbyexercisingitwithdifferentstudies.
A.When;soB.As;asC.As;soD.If;so
13.Sheneverlaughed,____losetemper.
A.orsheeverdidB.nordidsheeverC.ordidsheeverD.norsheeverdid
14.Only____toborrowthemagazinesfromthereading-room.
A.aretheteachersallowedB.theteachersareallowed
C.areallowedtheteachersD.didtheteachersbeallowed
15.---IseldomwatchTV,butlistentotheradioalot.
---_____.
A.SodoIB.NeitherdoIC.I’mthesameD.Soitiswithme
16.Toallthepeoplehere____thehonorforthesuccess.
A.belongB.belongsC.belongstoD.isbelonged
17.---Ihavegreatdifficultyworkingoutthisproblem.
---___tomeyesterday,you_____lessdifficultywithsuchproblemsnow.
A.Ifyouhadlistened,wouldhavehadB.Ifyoulistened,wouldhave
C.Hadyoulistened,wouldhaveD.Ifyoulisten,willhave
18.Insuchahurry_____totheschoolyardthathewasoutofbreath.
A.ranheB.heranC.didherunD.hewasrunning
19.Ifyourefusetoaccepttheinvitation,_______.
A.sowouldsheB.sodoessheC.sowillsheD.neitherwillshe
20.____,Iwillnotbuyit.
A.IlikeitmuchB.LikeasIitmuchC.MuchdoIlikeitD.MuchasIlikeit
二、【真题实战2005】
1.______,Carolinacouldn'tgetthedooropen.(广东卷)
A.TryasshemightB.Asshemighttry
C.ShemightastryD.Mightsheastry
2.Maryneverdoesanyreadingintheevening,_______.(全国II卷)
A.sodoesJohnB.JohndoessoC.Johndoesn’ttooD.nordoesJohn
3.Neverbefore______ingreaterneedofmodernpublictransportthanitistoday.(上海卷)
A.hasthiscitybeenB.thiscityhasbeen
C.wasthiscityD.thiscitywas
4.Onlyaftermyfriendcame_______.(福建卷)
A.didthecomputerrepairB.herepairedthecomputer
C.wasthecomputerrepairedD.thecomputerwasrepaired
5.---Father,youpromised!
(湖北)
---Well,______.Butitwasyouwhodidn’tkeepyourwordfirst.
A.sowasIB.sodidIC.soIwasD.soIdid
6.---Well,Idothinkthera
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