考研英语一真题及答案.docx

考研英语一真题及答案.docx

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考研英语一真题及答案

2016考研英语一真题&答案【完整版】

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SectionⅠUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA，B，CorDontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）

InCambodia,thechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmale.Itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends,_1_thoseoftheyoungwoman,butalsoamatchmaker.Ayoungmancan__2_alikelyspouseonhisownandthenaskhisparentsto3themarriagenegotiations,ortheyoungman'sparentsmaymakethechoiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayintheselection.4,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen.5aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying6agoodfamily.

Thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair.Formerlyitlastedthreedays,_7_bythe1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf.Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand_8_prayersofblessing.Partsoftheceremonythebride’sandgroom’swrists,and10acandlearoundacircleofhappilyinwiththewife’sparentsandmay12withthemuptoayear,13theycanbuildanewhousenearby.

Divorceislegalandeasyto14,butnotcommon.Divorcedpersonsare15withsomedisapproval.Eachsprouseretains16propertyheorshe17intothemarriage,andjointly-acquiredpropertyis18equally.Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice19up:

Thedivorcedmaledoesn’thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry20thewomanmustwaittenmonths.

1.[A]bywayof[B]onbehalfof[C]aswellas[D]withregardto

2.[A]adaptto[B]providefor[C]competewith[D]decideon

3.[A]close[B]renew[C]arrange[D]postpone

4.[A]Aboveall[B]Intheory[C]Intime[D]Forexample

5.[A]Although[B]Lest[C]After[D]Unless

6.[A]into[B]within[C]from[D]through

7.[A]since[B]but[C]or[D]so

8.[A]copy[B]test[C]recite[D]create

9.[A]folding[B]piling[C]wrapping[D]tying

10.[A]passing[B]lighting[C]hiding[D]serving

11.[A]meeting[B]collection[C]association[D]union

12.[A]grow[B]part[C]deal[D]live

13.[A]whereas[B]until[C]if[D]for

14.[A]obtain[B]follow[C]challenge[D]avoid

15.[A]isolated[B]persuaded[C]viewed[D]exposed

16.[A]whatever[B]however[C]whenever[D]wherever

17.[A]changed[B]brought[C]shaped[D]pushed

18.[A]withdrawn[B]invested[C]donated[D]divided

19. [A]breaks [B]warms [C]shows [D]clears

20.[A]so [B]while [C]once [D]in that 

Text1

France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomen.Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunaways.Theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat“inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting.

Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth.That’sastart.Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarvingthemselvestodeath-assomehavedone.Ittellsthefashionindustrythatitmusttakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocialtape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth.

Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen（andmanymen）thattheyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroorwasp-waistphysiques.

TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.

Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashionimagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcement.

IncontrasttoFrance’sactions,Denmark’sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlystates:

“Weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople.”Thecharter’smaintoolofenforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashionWeek（CFW）,whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneralitreliesonaname-and-shamemethodofcompliance.

Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.

21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninFrance?

[A]Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed.

[B]Physicalbeautywouldberedefined.

[C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive.

[D]Thefashionindustrywoulddecline.

22.Thephrase“impingingon”（Line2,Para.2）isclosestinmeaningto

[A]heighteningthevalueof.

[B]indicatingthestateof.

[C]losingfaithin.

[D]doingharmto.

23.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry?

[A]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmark.

[B]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed.

[C]Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure.

[D]Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworse.

24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor

[A]pursuingperfectphysicalconditions.

[B]caringtoomuchaboutmodels’character.

[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors.

[D]settingahighagethresholdformodels.

25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?

[A]AChallengetotheFashionIndustry’sBodyIdeals

[B]ADilemmafortheStarvingModelsinFrance

[C]JustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeauty

[D]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry

Text2

Forthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry.InBritainthishashadacuriousresult.WhilepollsshowBritonsrate“thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily,ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthService（NHS）aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport.

AcenturyagoOctaviaHilllaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever.”Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair.”Hill’spressureslaterledtothecreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.Theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.Itneedsconstantguardianship.

Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.TheConservatives’planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation,evenauthorizing“off-plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.TheLiberalDemocratsaresilent.OnlyUkip,sensingitschance,hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland.ItsCampaigntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalConservativeparties.

Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses,factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare,incitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace.TheLondonagentsStirlingAckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesintheLondonareaalone,withnointrusionongreenbelt.WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.

Theideathat“housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthem.Underlobbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.Hefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.Thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone.Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow.Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter.Wedonotruinurbanconservationareas.Whyruinruralones?

Developmentshouldbeplanned,notletrip.AftertheNetherlands,BritainisEurope’smostcrowdedcountry.Halfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretainanenviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving.Thereisnodoubtofthealternative—thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugal,SpainorIreland.Avoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshouldunitetheleftandrightofthepoliticalspectrum.

26.Britain’spublicsentimentaboutthecountryside____

[A]didn’tstarttilltheShakespeareanage.

[B]hasbroughtmuchbenefittotheNHS.

[C]isfullybackedbytheroyalfamily.

[D]isnotwellreflectedinpolitics.

27.AccordingtoParagraph2,theachievementsoftheNationalTrustarenowbeing____

[A]graduallydestroyed.

[B]effectivelyreinforced.

[C]largelyovershadowed.

[D]properlyprotected.

28.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?

[A]Labourisunderattackforopposingdevelopment.

[B]TheConservativesmayabandon“off-plan”building.

[C]TheLiberalDemocratsarelosingpoliticalinfluence.

[D]Ukipmaygainfromitssupportforruralconservation.

29.TheauthorholdsthatGeorgeOsborne’spreference____

[A]highlightshisfirmstandagainstlobbypressure.

[B]showshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralareas.

[C]stressesthenecessityofeasingthehousingcrisis.

[D]revealsastrongprejudiceagainsturbanareas.

30.In