一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时.docx
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一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时.docx
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一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时
初中语法
一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时四种时态的区别
名称
定义
时间
动词形式
时间词
一般现在时
表示经常性或习惯性的动作
平时、经常
1、动词原形
2、第三人称单数
动词后-s/es
always、sometimes、usually、often、
everymorning、everyweek、
twiceaweek等等
现在进行时
表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作
正在进行
am/is/are+动词ing
now、rightnow、
atthemoment、look、listen等
一般将来时
表示将来发生的事
即将、计划
1、will/shall+动词原形
2、am/is/are+goingto+动词原形
inthefuture、
nextweek/month、
tomorrow、
intwoweeks等等
一般过去时
表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生的事情或存在的状态
过去(与现在无关的)
1、V-ed(规则动词)
2、不规则动词变化
ago、yesterday、
lastweek/night、
justnow、
onceuponatime等
注意:
1、一般现在时——第三人称单数的动词变化规则:
1)大多数动词在词尾加“S”
如:
stop-______;make-______read-______;play-______
2)以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”
如:
fly-______;carry-______study-______;worry-______
3)以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”
如:
teach-______;watch-______
4)以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”
如:
go-______do-______
2、现在进行时——动词ing形式的变化规则
1.一般动词直接在词尾+ing
例:
read→______(读)talk→______(交谈)sing→______(唱歌)
2.以不发音e结尾的动词,先去e再加ing
例:
like→______喜欢write→______写skate→______(滑冰)
3.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写末尾字母,再加ing
例:
stop→______(停止)get→______(得到)
4.少数几个以ie结尾的动词,变ie为f再加ing。
例:
lie→______(躺、撒谎)tie→______(系、捆绑)
3、一般过去时——动词的变化规则
(1)一般在动词后加-ed。
如:
play-______,offer-______,weigh-______,destroy-______,sign-______
(2)在以字母e结尾的动词后,只加-d。
如:
like-______,provide-______,hate-______date-______
(3)在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后,则改y为i,再加-ed。
如:
supply-______,study-______.
(4)在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed。
如:
plan-______,refer-______regret-______,ban-________
(5)还有一些不规则变化的要单独记。
如:
do--didknow--knewam/is--wascut--cutbecome--became
练一练:
一、写出下列动词的形式
1)写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式
know______listen______brush______watch______
go______do______have______
2)写出下列动词的ing形式
go-______,work-______close–______,come-_______become-______
get–______sit–______
3)写出下列动词的过去式
go______do______have______play______fly______
know______build______brush______listen______cut______
二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.Heoften_______(read)21stCenturyTeens.
2.Ishe________(enjoy)hisstayhere
3.We________(build)alabnextyear.
4.He________(write)atthemoment.
5.I________(be)inBeijinglastyear.
6.He________(be)tallerthanI.
7.Where_______he_______(tell)her
thenews
8.I’mgoingto_______(work)hard.
9.Shecan_______(help)mewithmyEnglish.
10.They_______(read)newspapersnow.
综合练习:
一、用括号里的词的适当形式填空
1. We often___________(play) on the playground.
2. He _________(get) up at six o’clock.
3. __________you _________(brush) your teeth every morning
4. What (do) he usually (do) after school
5. Danny (study) English, Chinese, Math, Science and Art at school.
6. Mike __________(go) to the park with his sister yesterday.
7. Last night, she ________(watch) TV with his parents.
8. ________ Mike________(read) English tomorrow
9. How many lessons ______your classmate____(have) next week
10. What time ____his mother_________(do) the housework tomorrow
11. Don’t make a noise. Grandpa __________(sleep).
12. It ________(take) me two hours to finish my homework last night.
13. What ______ your mother _______(do) every evening She _____(wash) clothes.
14. Look!
She_________(do) her homework.
15. There ________ (be) a football match on TV next Sunday.
16. They ________ (visit) the Great Wall now.
17. The earth __________ (move) round the sun.
18. I ______(be) born in 1992.
_____( go) school yesterday No, I ________( not).
20. How long_____ you _______(stay) in Paris last time
二、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式:
1. wash_________ match _______guess______ study______ finish_________
go________ snow______ carry_________
2. stop______ see________ drive ________let_______ carry______ keep_____ join______ find_______ think________ teach______ catch______
begin______ forget_______lie________die _______ run_______
prefer______give________ring_______dance______ hope_______
三、写出下列动词的过去式
tell_______ break _______ build_______ catch_______ begin_______ draw _______ eat_______ come _______ buy_______ cut_______
read _______ put_______ think_______ go_______ get_______
give_______ keep _______ know _______
四、单项选择
()1. ________ you___________ your homework now
A. Are, do B. Do, do C. Will, do D. Are, doing
( )2. Look, they __________ a good time.
A. has B. have C. are having D. had
( )3. –I can’t find my pen. Can I use yours — Sorry, I__________ it now.
A. am using B. was using C. have used D. used
( )4. —____________ you ____________ to the radio
—No, you can turn it off.
A. Did, listen B. Have, listened C. Do, listen D. Are, listening
( )5. Look!
Some children _________ games on the playground.
A. is playing B. are playing C. are played D. is going to play
( )6. ________ your mother ________ some cleaning on Sundays A. Does, does B. Do, does C. Does, do D. Do, do
( )7. Mr. Black often ________ fishing on Sundays.
A. go B. goes C. don’t go D. isn’t go
( )8. We _________go to play outside in winter.
A. do B. does C. don’t D. doesn’t
( )9. _________ your father usually go to work early every day
A. Was B. Were C. Do D. Does
( )10. ________ you ________ English every morning
A. Are, read B. Do, read C. Does, read D. Are, reading
( )11. Look at those clouds. It _____________ soon.
A. is going to rain B. is raining C. will rain D. won’t rain
( )12. The radio says it ________________ the day after tomorrow.
A. is going to snow B. is snowing C. will snow D. snows
() Tom and Jim in the classroom just now
A. Was B. Are C. Were D. Is
( )14. When I ________________ her in the hall, she was playing the piano.
A. see B. saw C. will see D. am seeing
( )15. He turned off the lights and then _______________ the classroom.
A. leaves B. will leave C. is leaving D. left
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