英语听力入门第二册第五单元.docx
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英语听力入门第二册第五单元.docx
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英语听力入门第二册第五单元
Unit5
Shapingandreshapingpersonality
Part1warmingup
PartAKeywords:
personalitysurvey
personality个性,人格,
survey[sə:
'vei]调查(收入,民意等)
adetailedcriticalinspection;shortdescriptivesummary(ofevents)
cf.inquiry,investigation,research,survey
这些名词均有“调查”之意。
inquiry:
普通常用词,指正式调查,也指一般的打听或查询。
investigation:
一般指有系统的调查以得到希望发现或需要知道的事。
research:
指科学工作者等为揭示自然规律或获取某个领域的新知识而进行长时间的调查研究。
survey:
多指为写书面报告而进行的民意测验或调查。
aggressive
好斗的,敢作敢为的,有闯劲的,侵略性的
jealous
妒忌的,猜疑的,警惕的,嫉妒的
vocabulary
aggressiveadj.侵略的,有进取心的,好斗的
tendingtospreadquickly;havingorshowingdeterminationandenergeticpursuitofyourends
raisetheroof:
vi.喧闹(吵翻天,大声抱怨)
tocomplainloudlyandbitterly;getveryangry
eg.Fatherwillraisetheroofwhenhehearwhatyouhavedo.
父亲要是知道你所做的事一定会大发雷霆。
sortofadv.有几分地;在某种程度上
tosome(greatorsmall)extent
eg.Thissortofbusinesscanonlybetransactedinprivate.
这种事情只能私下处理。
inthefollowingshortdialogue,amanistryingtohelpawomandoapersonalitysurvey.
Aggressive
Selfish
Kind
Patient
Jealous
Extremely
√
Very
√
√
Sortof
√
Notvery
√
Notatall
TAPASCRIPT
W:
Hey,Kevin.Helpmefilloutthispersonalitysurvey.It’llbefun.
M:
Oh,Idon’tknow…
W:
Oh,comeon…OK,here’sthefirstone–whatshouldIputfor“aggressive”?
M:
Uh-oh…I…I’dsay“very.”
W:
Very?
Really?
M:
Yeah,sure.Lookatthewayyoudrive!
W:
Well,OK,soI’maveryaggressivedriver…but…youhavetodrivelikethatinthiscity,oryou’regonnabehit,because…
M:
Uh…what’sthenextone?
W:
“Selfish.”
M:
Oh,notatall.
W:
Really?
Well,…maybejustalittle…Imean,alotofpeopleare,right?
Justalittlebit?
Youknow,Imean,Itrytothinkofotherpeople,butsometimesIdojustthinkofmyself,Iguess.
M:
OK,OK,soput“notvery.”
W:
OK.
M:
Butyoucanput“extremely”forthenextone.
W:
What?
Oh,“Kind”?
M:
Yes.Don’tyouthinkyou’reaextremelykindperson?
W:
Iam?
OK,ifyousayso.Oh,lookatthisnextone.
M:
Oh,“patient”!
W:
Yeah.
M:
Hmm…Idon’tknow.Sometimesyoucanbereallypatient,butothertimesyou’renotpatientatall.Likerememberthattimeinlineatthesupermaketwhenyougot…
W:
OK,OK.Igetyourpoint.I’llput“sortof.”
M:
OK,that’sright.
W:
Nextone…“jealou.”IguessI’msortofjealous…
M:
Sortof?
I’dput“very”.Rememberhowangryyougotwhenmyex-girlfriendcalledtheotherday?
Ithoughtyou’regonnaraisetheroof…
W:
Allright,allright.“Very.”
M:
Oh,OK,what’sthenextone?
W:
That’sall.
M:
That’sall?
W:
Yeah,butnowit’syourturn.
PartB
Keywords:
Identification:
['keiʃən]
n.身份的证明,视为同一,证明同一,确认
evidenceofidentity;somethingthatidentifiesapersonorthing
Nowlistentothreeconversations.CheckthetwoadjectivesthatbestdescribeGeorge,KarenandPam.
George
Karen
Pam
Ambitious
√
Helpful
√
Honest
√
Proud
√
Selfish
√
Unreliable
√
TAPESCRIPT
Number1:
George
Sowhatareyougoingtodoafteryougraduate,George?
I’mgoingtostartmyownbusiness.
Oh,really?
Whattypeofbusiness?
Well,Ihaven’tdecidedyet,butIknowI’llbesuccessfulinanythingIdo.Infact,I’mgoingtobeoneofthetopbusinesspeopleintowninlessthanfiveyears.Justwaitandsee!
Ihaveeverythingittakes–I’msmart,Icanorganizepeople,andI’mfullofideasthatcanmakemoney.
Number2:
Karen
Hey!
Lookatthiswalletonthesidewalk.Wow!
There’slotsofmoneyinit…butnoidentification.Mmm…IwonderhowIcanfindtheowner?
IguessI’lltakeittothepolicestationandseeifanyone’sreportedalostwallet.
Number3:
Pam
Whatareyoudoingtonight,Pam?
Well,IwassupposedtomeetBillafterworkforamovie,butIdon’tfeellikegoing.IthinkI’llgoshoppinginstead.
Won’tBillgetmad?
Oh,I’msurehecanfindsomethingelsetodo.
Oh?
Besides,Ireallyneedsomenewclothes.Ihaven’tboughtanyfornearlyamonth!
Huh!
PartC
Keywords:
Ameanstoanend达到目的的方法
Compensate['kɔmpenseit]偿还,补偿,付报酬makeamendsfor;paycompensationfor
eg.Managementcompensatedusforthetimeweworked.
资方补偿我们工作时间的报酬。
Routine例行公事,常规,日常事务,程序
aroutinecheckofpassports.
检查护照的惯例
Habitual;regular:
习惯性的;常规的:
madehisroutinetriptothestore.
照常去商店
Havingnospecialquality;ordinary:
平凡的:
没有特征的;普通的:
aroutineday.
平淡的一天
Role角色,任务
Peoplefromdifferentwalksoflifehavedifferentattitudestowardswhatroleworkplaysintheirlives.
Interview1
Mr.Fisher
Accountant
Meanstoanend/familyman/enoughmoney/happy
Worktolive
Interview2
MissBurnes
Schoolteacher
Enjoywhateverdo(evenifsalarylow)/workmostimportant/mentalsatisfaction/roleinsociety
Livetowork
Tapesript:
I–interviewerF–MrFisherB–MissBurnes
I:
mr.Fisher,youareasaccountantandearnagoodenoughsalarytoenableyoutolivecomfortably.Whatdoesworkmeantoyou?
F:
Iregarditasameanstoanend.BasicallyI’mafamilyman,andaslongasIhaveajobwhichenablesmetoearnenoughmoneytolivewell,I’mhappy.IfindacomfortablelifecompensatesforthefactthatIhavearoutinelifeandthreeweeksholidayperyear.IsupposeyoucouldsayIworktolive.
I:
MissBurnes,asaschoolteacherinaworkingclassareaofLondon,howdoyoufeelaboutMr.Fisher’sattitudetowardshiswork?
B:
Personally,Icouldn’tworktolive.ImustenjoywhateverIdo–evenifthesalaryislow–otherwiseIfeelitisn’tworthdoing.
I:
Inotherwords,MissBurnesworkplaysoneofthemostimportantrolesinyourlife?
B:
Definitely!
ItgivesmethementalsatisfactionIneedandaroleinsociety.CountrytoMrFisher,IcansayIlivetowork.
Part2Self-esteem
Keywords:
self-esteem[.selfis'ti:
m]自尊,,自尊心
thequalityofbeingworthyofesteemorrespect
同义词:
dignity,self-respect,self-regard,self-worth
Vocabulary:
harshadj.粗糙的,使人不舒服的,刺耳的,严厉的,大约的
oftexturesthatareroughtothetouchorsubstancesconsistingofrelativelylargeparticles;disagreeabletothesenses;unpleasantlystern
harshweather
令人难受的天气
aharshpunishment
严厉的惩罚
rough,coarse,harsh,rude,crude
这些形容词均有“粗糙”之意。
rough:
普通用词,指某物表面凹凸不平,天气恶劣,(态度)粗暴,(计算)粗略。
coarse:
指某物质地低劣或编织、加工等不精细。
也指(言谈)粗俗。
harsh:
指外表、性质、声音的粗糙、刺耳、刺目,强调使人不愉快感。
rude:
指加工粗糙、不精细。
尤指行为举止粗鲁无礼,缺乏修养。
crude:
主要指未经加工处理尚处于自然状态的物质;食物或水果的不熟。
democratic[.demə'krætik]
民主的,民主主义的,民主政体的,
characterizedbyoradvocatingorbasedupontheprinciplesofdemocracyorsocialequality-GeorgeduMaurier;representingorappealingtooradaptedforthebenefitofthepeopleatlarge
leadin引导入内
theintroductorysectionofastory
Subject:
youngboys
Procedure:
1.testing(what?
)
measuretheboys’abilitiesandhowtheyfeltabouttheirownabilities
2.dividing(how?
)
threegroups–thosewithhighself-esteem/middleself-esteem/low-esteem
3.following-upstudy(whereandwhen?
)
inallsituations–athome/atwork/inschool/withfriends
observations:
thebehavioroftheboys
1.boyswithhighself-esteem:
active/abletoexpressideas/successfulinschoolandinrelationswithotherpeople/creative/ledindiscussions/interestedinworldproblems/seldomtiredorsick
2.boyswithmiddleself-esteem:
liketheboyswithhighself-esteem/expressideasfreely/sawtheworldasagoodandhappyplace/notsureoftheirownvalue
3.boyswithlowself-esteem:
sadmosttime/afraidtostartactivities/feltnolove/couldn’texpressideas/afraidofanger/notalkindiscussion
Findings:
physicalappearance/money/sizeoffamily/howmuchthemotherathome
closerelationshipbetweentheboysandtheparents
TAPESCRIPT
Scientistshavelearnedagreatdealaboutthepartsofbrainandtheirfunctions.Theyhavealsostudiedthedevelopmentofthepersonality,forexample,howababylearnstolove.InrecentstudiesoftwouniversitiesintheUnitedStates,scientistshaveinvestigatedthedevelopmentofself-esteem.
Self-esteemistherespectapersonhasforhimself,hisbeliefinhisabilityandinthevalueofwhathedoes.Thescientistsstudiedself-esteeminyoungboys.Theygavethemmanytests.Thesetestsmeasuredtheboys’abilitiesandalsohowtheyfeltabouttheirownabilities.Afterthetests,theboysweredividedintothreegroups–thosewithhighself-esteem,thosewithmiddleself-esteemandthosewithlowself-esteem.Thescientistscontinuedtostudytheboysinallsituations.Theystudiedthemathome,atwork,inschool,andwiththeirfriends.
Fromtheirstudies,thescientistmadesomeobservations.Boyswithhighself-esteemwereactive.Theywereabletoexpresstheirideas.Theyweresuccessfulinschoolandintheirrelationswithotherpeople.Indiscussions,theyled.Theydidn’tjustlisten.Theywereinterestedinworldproblems.Theywerecreativeandbelievedthattheycouldfinishwhatevertheystarted.Theyseldombecametiredandsick.Inmanyways,theboyswithmiddleself-esteemwereliketheboyswithhighself-esteem.Theytooexpressedtheirideasfreelyandsawtheworldasagoodandhappyplace.However,theywerenotsureoftheirownvalueaspeople.Theydidtheirbestworkwhentheyweresurethatotherpeoplelikedthem.Theyboyswithlowsel-esteemweredifferentfromtheothertwogroups.Theyweresadmostofthetime.Theywereafraidtostartactivities.Theyfeltthatnoonelovedthem.Theycouldnotexpresstheirideas.Theywereafraidofanger.Inadiscussion,theylistened,buttheydidn’ttalk.
Thescientistsasked,“Howdosomeboysdevelophighself-esteem?
”“Whatisdifferentintheirlives?
”Someoftheanswersweresurprising.Highself-este
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