新高一英语初升高英语衔接班第2讲定语从句.docx

新高一英语初升高英语衔接班第2讲定语从句.docx

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新高一英语初升高英语衔接班第2讲定语从句

新高一英语初升高英语衔接班第2讲——定语从句通用版用语法穿针引线——定语从句

一、学习目标：

掌握定语从句的基本知识和引导定语从句的关系词的不同用法，理解定语从句所表达的意义和语法特征。

二、学习要点：

1.什么是定语从句

2.定语从句中关系词的用法

3.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

三、课程精讲：

（一）重点知识讲解

1.什么是定语从句？

定语

定语从句

先行词

Eg:

ThelovelygirlisMary.

ThelovelygirlwhoisstandingbythewindowisMary.

句型转换：

Thatishisfather,andheworksinShanghai.（改为定语从句）

=Thatishisfather____________worksinShanghai.

2.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句

非限制性定语从句

Iwantthisman,whocanspeakGerman.

Hegaveuptheproject,whichwasnotpractical.

3.关系词的用法：

关系代词

关系副词

作用：

连接替代

（1）关系代词（主语、宾语、表语、定语）

主格

宾格

属格who

whom

whose/ofwhomwhose/ofwhich

指人

which/that指物

1）关系代词that和which的用法

①必须用关系代词that的情况：

a.当先行词是不定代词all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone时。

Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.

b.当先行词前被theonly,thevery,any,few,little,no,all等词修饰时。

ThisistheverypersonthatI’mlookingfor.

c.当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰时。

ThisisthemostinterestingmoviethatI’veeverseen.

d.当先行词既有人又有物时。

Idon’tknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout.

e.当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。

Whoisthegirlthatwonfirst?

练习：

Thetrainisthelastone_______________________willgotoSuzhou.

Thisisthebus_________________________I’mwaitingfor.

Doyouhaveanything______________________youwanttosayinthemeeting?

②必须用which的情况：

在非限制性定语从句中，只用which.

Helenpassedthefinalexam,whichwaswithinmyexpectation.

当动词短语中的介词提前时，只用which。

Thisisthevillageinwhichhewasborn.

2）whose在定语从句中作定语，既可指代人也可以指代物。

Thisisthehousewhosewindowbrokelastnight.

=Thisisthehouse,thewindowofwhichbrokelastnight.

=Thisisthehouseofwhichthewindowbrokelastnight.

3）关系代词as的用法

当先行词前有such,thesame修饰时，用关系代词as引导定语从句。

Heisnotthesamepersonashewas.

as引导非限制性定语从句时，可以代指主句的整句话的含义。

Asisknowntous,heisnotfitforthejob.

⑵关系副词（状语）

当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词。

关系副词=介词+关系代词练习：

IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.

Canyoutellmetheoffice_______________________heworks?

Thisisthereason___________________Iwillleaveschool.

（二）解题方法总结

1.做题方法：

先行词关系词

Doyoustillrememberthedays_____________________wespentinQingdao?

Doyoustillrememberthedays______________________wespenttheholidaystogether?

2.定语从句的谓语动词的人称和数与先行词保持一致。

theonlyoneof修饰先行词，谓语动词用单数形式。

Titanicisoneofthemostwonderfulmovies___________________________producedinHollywood.

TheGreatWallistheonlyoneofthebuildingsontheearth______________________seenfromthemoon.

3.as与which的比较

相同点：

不同点：

练习：

①Bettyalwaystellsalie,___________________makeshisparentsangry.

②Davidistall,_____________________aremybrothers.

4.特殊词way的用法

练习：

①Theway______________________heexplainedtouswassimple.（that/which/不填）②Theway_____________________heexplainedthesentencewassimple.（that/inwhich/不填）

5.定语从句考查要点

关系词的使用，特别是which,that,when,where等

介词和关系代词连用时，介词的选用

以as引导的定语从句

只用that/which的情况

关系代词和关系副词的选用

（三）即学即练

1.Doyouknowthereason______________________________heisabsent?

2.Allthepresents_________________yourfriendsgaveyoushouldbeputaway.

3.Hewaslatefortheclass,__________________wasverysurprisingtome.

4.Theman________________________youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.

5.Thechild____________________________parentsaredeadishomeless.

6.Heissuchalovelystudent_________________________everyonelikes.

7.Wearelivinginanage__________________________manythingsaredoneoncomputer.

8.Idon’tliketheway_________________________youlaughather.

9.I__________ambusy,can’thelpthematthemoment.

10.Istillremembertheteachersandtheschool______________aretalkedofyesterday.（四）高考链接

1.（全国I）Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof__________Ihadevermetbefore.A.themB.whoC.whomD.these

2.（全国II）Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,_________wasverykindofhim.A.whichB.thatC.whetherD.it

3.（重庆）Lifeislikealongrace__________wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.A.whyB.whatC.thatD.where

4.（陕西）Guncontrolisasubject__________Americanshavearguedforalongtime.A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich

5.（安徽）Manychildren,________parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.

A.theirB.whoseC.ofthemD.withwhom

6.（江苏）TheScienceMuseum,______wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.

A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where

四、下讲预告

在下一讲里，我们将会介绍名词性从句的一些理论知识，及定语从句与名词性从句的区别。

【同步练习】（答题时间：

25分钟）

1.Wasitintheshop_____soldchildren’sclothingthatyoulostyourwallet?

A./B.whereC.thatD.when

2.Thankyouforthedifficulty_____youhavehadpaintingthehouse.

A.whenB./C.whyD.where

3.Isthereanyonearoundthefactory_____knowshowtooperatethecomputer?

A.whoB.whichC.whereD.inwhich

4.Isthisthefarm_____youvisitedlastweek?

A.whereB.theoneC.onwhichD./

5.Shewasmuchdisappointedtoseethebeautifulcloth_____shehadmade_____withlotsofspots.

A.which;coverB.that;covered

C./;coveringD.where;covering

6.Lincoln,_____lifewasoncehard,wereelectedPresidentofAmerican.

A.forwhomB.whoC.towhomD./

7.—Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfather？

—Yes,he’sourheadmaster.

A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom

8.Isthistheriver_____Icanswim？

A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.theone

9.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_____Iknow.

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.it

10.Canyoulendmethedictionary______theotherday？

A.thatyoubought

C.thatyouboughtitB.youboughtit

D.whichyouboughtit

11.Anyone______withwhatIsaidmayputupyourhands.

A.whichagreesB.whoagree

C.whoagreesD.whichagree

12.Mywatchisnottheonlything______ismissing.

A.thatB.itC.whichD.who

13.Theman______coatisblackiswaitingatthegate

A.who’sBwhoseC.thatD.ofwhich.

14.Thegirl______isreadingunderthetree_____mysister.

A.which；isB.whom；wasC.who；isD.who；was

15.Iloveplaces______thepeoplearereallyfriendly.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.who

16.Theworld______ismadeupofmatter.

A.inthatweliveB.onwhichwelive

C.whereweliveinD.welivein

17.Doyouknowwhichhotel__________?

A.sheisstayingB.sheisstayingin

C.isshestayingD.isshestayingin

18.Thereisonlyonething__________Icando.

A.whatB.thatC.allD.which

19.Whocanthinkofasituation_________thisidiomcanbeused?

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.inthat

20.Ihavemanybooks,someof__________areonchemistry.

A.themB.thatC.whichD.those

21.Theywereinterested__________youtoldthem.

A.inwhichB.inthatC.allthatD.ineverything

22.Thegreatdaywelookedforwardto_________atlast.

A.comeB.cameC.comingD.comes

23.Ilikethesecondfootballmatch_________washeldlastweek.

A.whichB.whoC.thatD./

24.Idon’tlike__________youspeaktoher.

A.thewayB.thewayinthat

C.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich

25.Heisnot__________afool__________.

A.such,asheislookedB.such,ashelooks

C.as,asheislookedD.so,ashelooks

【试题答案】

1.C2.B3.A4.D5.B6.A7.B8.B9.C10.A

11.C12.A13.B14.C15.C16.D17.B18.B19.C20.C

21.D22.B23.C24.A25.B