数据结构课程设计哈夫曼编码译码器.docx
- 文档编号:30164184
- 上传时间:2023-08-05
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:28
- 大小:342.08KB
数据结构课程设计哈夫曼编码译码器.docx
《数据结构课程设计哈夫曼编码译码器.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《数据结构课程设计哈夫曼编码译码器.docx(28页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
数据结构课程设计哈夫曼编码译码器
题目一:
哈夫曼编码与译码
一、任务
设计一个利用哈夫曼算法的编码和译码系统,重复地显示并处理以下项目,直到选择退出为止。
要求:
1) 将权值数据存放在数据文件(文件名为data.txt,位于执行程序的当前目录中);
2) 初始化:
键盘输入字符集统计字符权值、自定义26个字符和26个权值、统计文件中一篇英文文章中26个字母,建立哈夫曼树;
3) 编码:
利用建好的哈夫曼树生成哈夫曼编码;
4) 输出编码(首先实现屏幕输出,然后实现文件输出);
5)译码(键盘接收编码进行译码、文件读入编码进行译码);
6) 界面优化设计。
二、流程图
三、代码分解
//头文件
#include
#include
#include
#include
#defineN1000
#defineM2*N-1
#defineMAXcode6000
//函数声明
voidcount(CHar&ch,HTNodeht[]);
voideditHCode(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],CHar&ch,intn,charbianma[]);//编码函数
voidprintyima(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],intn,charbianma[]);//译码函数
voidcreatHT(HTNodeht[],intn);
voidCreateHCode(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],intn);
voidDispHCode(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],intn);
voidinput_key(CHar&ch);
voidinput_file(CHar&ch);
voidinput_cw(HTNodeht[]);
voidbianma1(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],CHar&ch,intn,charbianma[]);
voidbianma2(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],CHar&ch,intn,charbianma[]);
voidyima1(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],intn,charbianma[]);
voidyima2(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],intn,charbianma[]);
voidcreat_cw();
voidbianmacaidan();
voidyimacaidan();
voidbianmayima();
intcaidan();
//结构体
typedefstruct
{
chardata;
intparent;
intweight;
intlchild;
intrchild;
}HTNode;
typedefstruct
{
charcd[N];
intstart;
}HCode;
typedefstruct
{
chars[N];
intnum;
}CHar;
CHarch;
HTNodeht[M];
HCodehcd[N];
//主函数
intmain()
{
intxh;
while
(1)
{
system("color1f");//操作菜单背景颜色
xh=caidan();//调用菜单函数
switch(xh)//switch语句
{
case1:
system("cls");creat_cw();break;
case2:
system("cls");creatHT(ht,n);break;
case3:
system("cls");CreateHCode(ht,hcd,n);DispHCode(ht,hcd,n);break;
case4:
system("cls");bianmayima();break;
case0:
system("cls");printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t感谢使用本系统!
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t");exit(0);
default:
system("cls");putchar('\a');
printf("\n\t\t输入有误,请重新输入:
\n");break;
}
}
return0;
}
//菜单函数
intcaidan()//菜单函数模块//
{
intxh;
printf("\n\n\n");
printf("\t\t欢迎使用哈夫曼编码译码系统\n");
printf("\t\t\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\t\t*==*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*==*\n");
printf("\t\t*=1.建立字符权值=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*==*\n");
printf("\t\t*=2.建立并输出哈夫曼树=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*==*\n");
printf("\t\t*=3.生成并查看哈夫曼编码=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*==*\n");
printf("\t\t*=4.编码与译码=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*==*\n");
printf("\t\t*=0.退出系统=*\n");
printf("\t\t*==*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\n\t\t请输入序号进行选择:
");
scanf("%d",&xh);
returnxh;//返回从键盘接收的选项
}
voidbianmayima()
{
intxh;
while
(1)
{
printf("\n\n\n\n\n");
printf("\t\t编码与译码\n");
printf("\t\t\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=1.编码=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=2.译码=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=0.返回上级菜单=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\n\t\t请输入序号进行选择:
");
scanf("%d",&xh);
switch(xh)//switch语句
{
case1:
system("cls");bianmacaidan();break;
case2:
system("cls");yimacaidan();break;
case0:
system("cls");return;
default:
system("cls");putchar('\a');
printf("\n\t\t输入有误,请重新输入:
\n");break;
}
}
}
voidyimacaidan()
{
intxh;
while
(1)
{
printf("\n\n\n\n\n");
printf("\t\t译码\n");
printf("\t\t\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=1.键盘输入编码进行译码=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=2.文件读入编码进行译码=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=0.返回上级菜单=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\n\t\t请输入序号进行选择:
");
scanf("%d",&xh);
switch(xh)//switch语句
{
case1:
system("cls");yima1(ht,hcd,n,bianma);break;
case2:
system("cls");yima2(ht,hcd,n,bianma);break;
case0:
system("cls");return;
default:
system("cls");putchar('\a');
printf("\n\t\t输入有误,请重新输入:
\n");break;
}
}
}
voidbianmacaidan()
{
intxh;
while
(1)
{
printf("\n\n\n\n\n");
printf("\t\t编码\n");
printf("\t\t\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=1.键盘输入字符集编码=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=2.文件读入文章编码=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=0.返回上级菜单=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\n\t\t请输入序号进行选择:
");
scanf("%d",&xh);
switch(xh)//switch语句
{
case1:
system("cls");bianma1(ht,hcd,ch,n,bianma);break;
case2:
system("cls");bianma2(ht,hcd,ch,n,bianma);break;
case0:
system("cls");return;
default:
system("cls");putchar('\a');
printf("\n\t\t输入有误,请重新输入:
\n");break;
}
}
}
voidcreat_cw()
{
intxh2;
while
(1)
{
printf("\n\n\n\n\n");
printf("\t\t建立字符权值\n");
printf("\t\t\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=1.从键盘输入字符集进行统计=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=2.从文件读入字符集统计=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=3.自定义字符权值=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=0.返回上级菜单=*\n");
printf("\t\t*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");
printf("\n\t\t请输入序号进行选择:
");
scanf("%d",&xh2);
switch(xh2)//switch语句
{
case1:
system("cls");input_key(ch);break;
case2:
system("cls");input_file(ch);break;
case3:
system("cls");input_cw(ht);break;
case0:
system("cls");return;
default:
system("cls");putchar('\a');
printf("\n\t\t输入有误,请重新输入:
\n");break;
}
}
}
//建立字符权值模块
voidinput_key(CHar&ch)
{
inti,j=0;
charst[N];
printf("请输入字符集(以‘#’结束):
\n");
for(i=0;i { scanf("%c",&st[i]); if(st[i]=='#') {st[i]='\0';break;} } strcpy(ch.s,st); ch.num=strlen(st); count(ch,ht); printf("按任意键返回! "); getch(); system("cls"); return; } voidinput_file(CHar&ch) { inti; FILE*fp; charfilename[20]; printf("请输入要打开的文件名(*.txt): "); scanf("%s",&filename); if((fp=fopen(filename,"r"))==NULL) { printf("\n\t\t文件打开失败"); return; } for(i=0;! feof(fp);i++) { fread(&ch.s[i],sizeof(char),1,fp); } ch.num=strlen(ch.s); printf("读入成功! \n"); printf("文件中的字符集为: %s\n",ch.s); fclose(fp); count(ch,ht); printf("按任意键返回! "); getch(); system("cls"); return; } voidinput_cw(HTNodeht[]) { inti,w,s,j; chara; printf("要输入的字符总个数是? : "); scanf("%d",&s); n=s; printf("请输入字符及其权值: \n"); for(i=0;i { printf("请输入第%d个字母: ",i+1); scanf("%s",&a); ht[i].data=a; printf("请输入其权值: "); scanf("%d",&w); ht[i].weight=w; } FILE*fp; if((fp=fopen("data.txt","w"))==0) { printf("\n\t\t文件打开失败"); return; } printf("\n定义权值成功! \n\n"); printf("各字符及其权值为: \n\n"); fprintf(fp,"各字符及其权值为: \n"); printf("字符\t权值"); fprintf(fp,"字符\t权值"); for(j=0;j {printf("\n"); fprintf(fp,"\n"); printf("%-8c%-8d",ht[j].data,ht[j].weight); fprintf(fp,"%-8c%-8d%",ht[j].data,ht[j].weight); } printf("\n"); printf("\n字符权值已输出至文件“data.txt”! "); fclose(fp); printf("输入完成,按任意键返回! "); getch(); system("cls"); return; } //统计字符权值函数 voidcount(CHar&ch,HTNodeht[]) { inti,j,m=0; charc[N]; intsum[N]={0}; for(i=0;ch.s[i]! ='\0';i++) { for(j=0;j if(ch.s[i]==c[j]||(c[j]>='a'&&c[j]<='z'&&ch.s[i]+32==c[j]))break; if(j sum[j]++; else { if(ch.s[i]>='A'&&ch.s[i]<='Z') c[j]=ch.s[i]+32; elsec[j]=ch.s[i]; sum[j]++; m++; } } for(i=0;i { ht[i].data=c[i]; ht[i].weight=sum[i]; } n=m; FILE*fp; if((fp=fopen("data.txt","w"))==0) { printf("\n\t\t文件打开失败"); return; } printf("\n统计权值成功! \n\n"); printf("各字符及其权值为: \n\n"); fprintf(fp,"各字符及其权值为: \n"); printf("字符\t权值"); fprintf(fp,"字符\t权值"); for(j=0;j {printf("\n"); fprintf(fp,"\n"); printf("%-8c%-8d",ht[j].data,ht[j].weight); fprintf(fp,"%-8c%-8d%",ht[j].data,ht[j].weight); } printf("\n"); printf("\n字符权值已输出至文件“data.txt”! "); fclose(fp); } //构造哈夫曼树 voidcreatHT(HTNodeht[],intn) { FILE*fp; if((fp=fopen("哈夫曼树.txt","w"))==0) { printf("\n\t\t文件打开失败"); return; } inti,j,k,lnode,rnode; intmin1,min2; for(i=0;i<2*n-1;i++) ht[i].parent=ht[i].lchild=ht[i].rchild=-1; for(i=n;i<2*n-1;i++) { min1=min2=32767; lnode=rnode=-1; for(k=0;k<=i-1;k++) if(ht[k].parent==-1) { if(ht[k].weight { min2=min1;rnode=lnode; min1=ht[k].weight;lnode=k; } elseif(ht[k].weight { min2=ht[k].weight;rnode=k; } } ht[lnode].parent=i;ht[rnode].parent=i; ht[i].weight=ht[lnode].weight+ht[rnode].weight; ht[i].lchild=lnode;ht[i].rchild=rnode; } printf("建立huffman树成功! \n"); printf("输出huffman树: \n"); fprintf(fp,"输出huffman树: \n"); printf("\t字符\t权值\t父节点\t左子节点\t右子节点"); fprintf(fp,"\t字符\t权值\t父节点\t左子节点\t右子节点"); for(j=1;j {printf("\n"); fprintf(fp,"\n"); printf("\t%-8c%-8d%-10d%-14d%-10d",ht[j].data,ht[j].weight,ht[j].parent,ht[i].lchild,ht[j].rchild); fprintf(fp,"\t%-8c%-8d%-10d%-14d%-10d",ht[j].data,ht[j].weight,ht[j].parent,ht[i].lchild,ht[j].rchild); } printf("\n"); printf("哈夫曼树已输出至文件“哈夫曼树.txt”! 按任意键返回! "); fclose(fp); getch(); system("cls"); return; } //生成哈夫曼编码 voidCreateHCode(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],intn) { inti,f,c,j=0; HCodehc; for(i=0;i { hc.start=n;c=i; hc.cd[hc.start--]='0'; f=ht[i].parent; while(f! =-1) { if(ht[f].lchild==c) hc.cd[hc.start--]='0'; else hc.cd[hc.start--]='1'; c=f;f=ht[f].parent; } hc.start++; for(j=0;j hc.cd[
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 数据结构 课程设计 哈夫曼 编码 译码器