届重庆市第一中学高三下学期模拟考试英语试题.docx
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届重庆市第一中学高三下学期模拟考试英语试题.docx
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届重庆市第一中学高三下学期模拟考试英语试题
2020届重庆市第一中学高三下学期6月模拟考试英语试题
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Visiting300,000WorksofArtinParisRightNow
Stuckathome?
YoucanstillvisitthousandsofthegreatestartworksintheCityofLightforfree.TheculturalboardofParis'freecitymuseumssortedthroughthecity'stoppublicmuseumstosharemust-seeartworks.
Themuseums
Twoaregreatwriter'shomes—BalzacandVictorHugo—filledwithperioddetailsaswellasartdesigns.TheCatacombsandtheCryptshavecollectionsofsculpturesmadeoutofbones.ThebestknownislikelythePetitPalaiswithwell-knownworks,includingClaudeMonet'sSunsetontheSeine.
Theartists
Youcantrysearchingforthemostsuccessfulortheonesyou'remostinterestedin,orjuststartwandering,whichisagreatwaytofindfascinatingpaintingsbylesser-known,butnolesstalented,artistlikeGeorgeDesvallieres.
Theworksofart
Don'tknowwheretostart?
SearchforPaulCézanne'sromanticpaintingsofwomen,depictingtwoyoungwomenloungingonthebanksoftheSeinewhichcanbedownloadedforfreeontheParisMuséessite.
The360-degreemoments
WanttoenjoyworksatMuseedel’Orangerie?
TrythewebsiteofGoogleArtProject.ClickthroughtothecolorfulwondersofMonet'sWaterliliesexhibitedatParismuseum.Thevirtualversionletsyouspinin360-degreecirclestotakeitallin,withnocrowdsblockingyourview.
1.WhichofthefollowingareshowedattheCatacombsandtheCrypts?
A.Perioddetails.B.Well-knownworks.
C.Artdesigns.D.Bonesculptures.
2.WhatcanweinferaboutGeorgeDesvallieres?
A.Heisgoodatpaintingwomen.
B.Hehasagreatgiftinpainting.
C.Heispopularthroughouttheworld.
D.Hehascreatedmanyfamouspaintings.
3.WherecanweenjoyMonet'sWaterliliesatvariedangles?
A.AtParismuseum.B.OnGoogleArtProject.
C.OntheParisMuséessite.D.AtMuseedel’Orangerie.
Saythephrase“femaleenvironmentalpioneers,”andamongthenamesyouwillhearareRachelCarson,whowrotepesticides;chimpanzeeexpertJaneGoodall;and17-year-oldclimate-changeactivistGretaThunberg.TomarkWomen’sHistoryMonth,Kidspostissharingthestoryofanenvironmentalpioneerwhoisnotthatfamousbutequallyremarkable.
Atage3,SylviaEarlefoundherlifelongpassionwhileplayingonabeach.Awavesuddenlycameupandknockedherover.
“Mymother...sawthebigsmileonmyfaceandletmerunbackin,”EarletoldaTVintervieweryearslater.“AndI’vebeenrunningbackineversince.”
Earleisnow84yearsoldandhasspentalifetimeexploringtheworld’soceansandworkingtoprotectthemfrompollution,overfishingandotherthreats.
Sheisapioneerinusingscubagear.Scubagearletsdiverstakebreathunderwater.Sheholdstheworldrecordforthedeepestuntetheredwalkontheoceanfloorat1,250feet.Thismeansshewasnottiedtoanythingwhenshewaswalkingunderwater.Duringthisexploration,sheplantedaU.S.flag.
In1998,TimemagazinegaveEarleitsfirstHeroesforthePlanetaward.ShewasthefirstfemalechiefscientistattheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA).ItistheU.S.oceanandatmospheregroup.ShewasalsoelectedtotheNationalWomen’sHallofFame.
Earlehasspentherlifeteachingpeopleabouttheocean.Shenoteshowmuchitaffectstheweather,andwhatweeatanddrink.Shehassomethingtosaytothosewhodon’tunderstandwhytheoceanmatters.“Theyshouldknowthatwitheverybreaththeytake,everydropofwatertheydrink,theoceanistouchingthem,”Earlesays.“Youshouldtreattheoceanasifyourlifedependsonit—becauseitdoes.”
4.WhatdoesEarle’slifelongpassionreferto?
A.Teachingpeoplehowtodive.B.Writingarticlesformagazines.
C.Exploringandprotectingoceans.D.Providingequipmentfordivers.
5.WhatdoweknowaboutEarlefromthetext?
A.Earleisaworldrecordholder.
B.Earle’smotherisinsupportofherwork.
C.EarleisaremarkableBritishoceanexplorer.
D.EarleistheonlyfemalechiefscientistatNOAA.
6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeEarle?
A.braveandconservative.B.devotedandcourageous.
C.determinedandrigid.D.ambitiousandmodest.
7.WhichofthefollowingstatementwillEarleagreewithaccordingtothetext?
A.Peopleshouldstopoverfishingandeatingseafood.
B.Theoceanplaysasignificantroleinhuman’slife.
C.Theweatherhasafar-reachingeffectontheocean.
D.Theexplorationoftheoceancanbedonewithoutlimit.
Cryonicsisthepracticeofcoolingdeadorganictissue.Thisisusedonhumansoranimalsthathaverecentlydied.Thehopeistobringthembacktolifeinthenearfuture.Bylaw,itcanonlybeperformedonhumansaftertheyarelegallydead.Manyscientistsanddoctorsthinkcryonicsistotallymorallyunacceptable.However,therearealsomanywhosupportcryonics.
Supportersofcryonicshopethatfuturetechnologywillimprove.Moleculartechnologyisespeciallyhopedtoreverse(逆转)theearlystagesofclinicaldeath.Itishopedthatthiswillenabletherepairoftissueonaverytinylevel.Itcouldalsoallowdamagedtissuesandorganstoregenerate.Theyalsoassumethatdiseaseandagingwillonedaybereversible.
Thesesupporterswanttostorethememoryandidentityfromthebrainofpeoplewhohaverecentlydied.Cryonicsattemptstodothisbyusingliquidthatpreservesthebrain.Ifthisisdonebeforecooling,itwillpreventinjury.Thiscoolingliquidsavesthefinecellstructuresofthebrainwherememoryandidentityexist.
Criticsofcryonicsthinkthisprocessisawasteoftimeandmoney.Theybasetheiropinionsonthecurrentlevelofscience.Itistruethatcells,tissues,bloodvessels,andsomesmallanimalorganscanbereversiblypreserved.Somefrogscanevensurviveforafewmonthsinapartiallyfrozenstateiftheyarekeptafewdegreesabovefreezing.Butthisisnottruecryopreservation.Thereisnoproofthattheidentityandmemoryofapersoncanberestoredafterdeathhasoccurred.
Criticsalsothinkthatifitwerepossibletobringdeadpeoplebacktolife,itwouldcausemanysocialproblems.Criticsworryitwouldcauseahugeoverpopulationproblem.ManyalsothinktryingtoreversedeathisimmoralbecauseitisagainstthewilloftheirGod.
8.Whatcanweknowaboutcryonicsfromparagraph1?
A.Cryonicsisusedbeforepeople'sdeath.
B.Allscientistsaren'tinfavoroftheuseofcryonics.
C.Lawsforbidtheuseofcryonicsonlegallydeadpeople.
D.Cryonicstriestocooldeadorganictissuebyusingliquid.
9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword''regenerate''inparagraph2mean?
A.copy.B.return.
C.freeze.D.regrow.
10.Whydocriticsopposetheuseofcryonics?
A.Itwillmakepeople'smemorylost.
B.Injurywilloccurduringtheprocess.
C.Thereisscientificuncertaintyaboutit.
D.Itgoesalongwiththeirreligiousbelief.
11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?
A.Theuseofcryonicshasabrightfuture.
B.Cryonicsisstillacontroversialpractice.
C.Thepracticeofcryonicsislimitedbylaw.
D.Thereisanadvanceinmedicaltechnology.
DuringthewinterintheSouthernHemisphere,abluepointoflightshinesoverhead.Thebrilliantpointonthesky,whichlookslikeabrightstar,isactuallytwostarsincloseorbit—accompaniedbytheclosestknownblackholetoEarth.
Thenewlydiscoveredblackholeisabout1,011light-yearsfromoursolarsysteminthestarsystemHR6819.PublishedtodayinAstronomy&Astrophysics,theobjectislockedinanorbitwithtwovisiblestars.Itisestimatedaboutfourtimesthemassofthesunandabout2,500light-yearscloserthanthenextblackhole.“Itseemslikeit’sbeenhidinginplainsight,”saysastronomerKareemEl-Badry,aPh.D.studentattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,whospecializesinbinarystar(双子星)systemsbutwasn’tinvolvedwiththestudy.“HR6819issuchabrightstar(system)thatpeoplehavebeenstudyingitsincethe80s,butitseemslikeit’shadsomesurprises.”
“Ifyoufindonethatisveryclosetoyou,andyouassumeyou’renotspecial,thentheymustbeoutthereeverywhere,”saysleadstudyauthorThomasRivinius,anastronomerattheEuropeanSouthernObservatory(ESO)inChile.ResearchershavelongestimatedthattheMilkyWayishometohundredsofmillionsofblackholes,objectswhosegravitationalfields(引力场)aresostrong,notevenlightcanescape.Butfindingthesedarkobjectshasprovenextremelydifficult.Dozensofblackholesinthegalaxyhavebeenspotted“feeding”onnearbycloudsofgas—aprocessthatsendsoutx-raysasthematerialmovesaroundtheedgesoftheblackhole.Butthemajorityofblackholesinourgalaxycannotbeseen,sotheonlywaytofindthemisbyobservingtheirgravitationaleffectsonsurroundingobjects.
Infollow-upwork,researchersledbystudyco-authorPetrHadravaaimtostudythelightgivenoffbyHR6819andunderstandthepreciseidentityofthetwoclosestars.
12.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewlydiscoveredblackhole?
A.Itmoveswithtwootherstars.
B.Itcameintobeinginthe1980s.
C.Itweighsmuchmorethanearth.
D.Itcanbeseeneasilyduringthewinter.
13.WhatcanweinferfromThomasRivinius’swordsinparagraph3?
A.Mostblackholesarecommon.
B.Moreblackholescanbefound.
C.Blackholesaredifficulttolearn.
D.Blackholesexistinstarsystems.
14.Whatwillscientistsprobablydonext?
A.Learnmoreaboutthetwoclosestars.
B.Analyzethelightaroundtheblackhole.
C.Observetheinfluenceofblackholesonstars.
D.StudytheblackholesinthesystemofHR6819.
15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.ANewStarSysteminUniverse
B.TwoSpecialStarsintheSameOrbit
C.TheClosestBlackHoletotheEarth
D.TheBigge
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