短文改错专题讲解及历年高考题汇编超全 附答案.docx

短文改错专题讲解及历年高考题汇编超全 附答案.docx

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短文改错专题讲解及历年高考题汇编超全附答案

短文改错专题讲解及历年高考题汇编（超全）

一．改错题型特点：

高考短文改错是知识和能力的综合测试题型。

主要考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性及词、句、篇和语法的综合水平。

高考短文改错设置的考点灵活多变，知识层次多，覆盖面广，包括词法、句法、行文逻辑以及语篇结构等，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。

二．短文改错常见考点设置：

考点1：

名词

命题特点:

本来用复数,却用单数；本来用单数，却用复数。

记住常考的几个不可数名词：

news,work（工作）,advice,fun,progress,information,luck,weather,music,health,change（零钱）,baggage（行李）,luggage（行李）,furniture,jewellery,equipment等

改正方法:

（1）根据名词前的修饰限定成份

（2）根据上下文的逻辑关系.

1.Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess.

2.Afterclasswebecomestrangeratonce.

3.TheywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothatI’llgetmarksinallmysubject.

4.OnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful.

5.Thereareadvantageforstudentstoworkwhilestudyingatschool.

6.NowwecangetmillionsofinformationsfromtheInternet.

7.Hehadnoideasthatthekitchenwasnotforguests.

8.Sheisoneofthemostintelligentgirlinourclass.

9.Ilookedathisotherhands.

10.Mostofthemarepeasantandsomeoftengofishinginthesea.

11.WehavemadegreatprogresseswithMr.Liuteachingus.

12.HeadteacherGuyHollowaysaidthenewrulesshouldhelpstudentsgethighergrade.

13.Hewastall,withbroadshoulderandabeardthatturnedfromblacktowardgrayovertheyears.

14.He’sgettingmarriednextmonthanddecidestobuysomefurnitures.

考点2：

代词

命题特点：

1.男女性代词用反；2.单数指代复数；3.代词词性用错；4.缺少人称代词。

改正方法:

根据上下文的逻辑关系以及人称代词的数和格的一致问题。

15.Roseissuchakindgirlthatwealllikehimverymuch.

16.TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.

17.Ihaveagoodfriendwho’snameisLiuMei.

18.Itwasaboutnoonwhenwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.Thethreeofthemwereveryexcited.

19.SoonIbegantoenjoytalkingtomyselfasIwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.

20.Mystorybookismuchmoreinterestingthanher.

21.OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher.

22.Somestudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.

23.DoyouthinknecessaryforyoutolearnJapanesewell?

24.Idressedmequicklyandhurriedoutthehouse.

25.You’dbetterkeepthathesaidinmind.

26.Hehasthreechildren,twoofthemareteachers.

27.ThepopulationofChinaismuchlargerthanitoftheUSA.

考点3：

介词

命题特点及改正方法：

介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：

1）介词的基本用法；2）习惯搭配；3）动词词类确定错误，如talk,,serve,wait等。

记住：

介词短语常常考，固定搭配要记牢。

介词后边跟宾语，结合语境细推敲。

28.Wedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether.

29.IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.

30.ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateanythingintoEnglish.

31.Finallytheyfoundahoteltostay.

32.We’lltalkwithourplanfortheweekendoverdinner.

33.Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp.

34.Hewaslookingforaglassthecupboard.

35.Pleasehelpwithmeandgivemesomeadvice.

考点4：

时态

命题特点及改正方法：

现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。

每年都考。

要注意联系上下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。

通常整篇都是过去，突然一个句子用现在时；或者通常整篇都是现在，突然一个句子用过去时。

其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。

36.Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome…TheywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothatIcanmakegreatprogress.

37.Thetimepassesquickly.Eveningcame.

38.Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.

39.Idon’tknowthattheydon’tliketotalkwithme.Sometimes,wetalkedtoeachotherverywellinclass.

40.Iwillwriteagainandsendyouthephotoswetaketogether.

41.WehadguestslastnightwhohavenotstayedinaB&Bhotelbefore.

42.Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.

43.WhenIopenedthedoorandapologizeformybeinglate,myEnglishteacherdidnotblameme.

44.ThewholeschoolwassilentandIamafraidtofacemyteachersandclassmates.

45.Itwasturnedouttobeherowncup,whichshehadleftontheshelfbymistake.

考点5：

and/but/or/so误用及前后不一致

命题特点：

主要考查and、or、but、so等并列连词的误用。

改正方法：

1）根据句意确定错误；2）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。

46.Sheissmilingatmebutnoddingatme.

47.Itlooksasifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest.

48.Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood.

49.Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.

50.Hurryup,andyouwillmissthefirstbus.

51.Sheworkedhard,andshewasadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.

52.Manypeasantsowntheirair-conditionersbutsomeevenhavetheirowncars.

考点6：

从属连词

命题特点及改正方法：

句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。

解答这类题从以下方面来思考：

1）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；2）复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或连接词是否得当等。

53.Itwasaboutnoonwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.

54.Idon’tknowthattheydon’tliketotalkwithme.

55.Whatinterestedusmostwaswhathegavehislessonslivelyandinteresting.

56.Theydidnotwantbreakfastbecausethattheyweregoingoutearlyinthemorning.

57.Thatshesaidatthemeetingsurprisedeveryoneintheroom.

58.Hecameouttoseethatwashappeningoutsideinthestreet.

59.Iwasdrivingalongtheroad,whileanothercarshotout.

60.ThereasonthatJanedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdaywaswhyhermotherwasill.

61.Althoughhewasfrightened,buthedidn’tpanic.

考点7：

冠词

命题特点及改正方法：

英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：

1）不定冠词a和an互改；2）不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改；3）根据需要增删冠词。

62.Aseveryoneknows,it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals.

63.Hebuiltatelescopethroughwhichhecouldstudysky.

64.Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof,but---

65.OnThursdayIwillhavetodecidewhatIwanttodooveraweekend.

65.RosecomesfromanEuropeancountrybutshecanspeakChinese.

66.Ihopeyou’vehadpleasantjourneyhome.

67.WeallthinkBettyisahonestgirl.

68.Uptonowabout8astronautshaswalkedinthespace.

69.WiththehelpofMr.LiIhavemadeagreatprogress.

70.Thegirlplayedpianosowellthatallthepeoplepresentstoodupandapplauded.

71.WhenIwokeupinamorning,itwasalready8o’clock.

72.Whatafunitistohaveacolddrinkonahotday.

考点8：

形容词和副词

命题特点及改正方法：

主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。

1）形容词或副词形式的错用：

该用形容词的形式却用了副词的形式，或者该用副词的形式却用了形容词的形式；2）形容词或副词级别的错用：

指该用形容词或副词的比较级或最高级却用了原级，或者该用原级形式却用了比较级或最高级，或者该用最高级却用了比较级等。

此外，还有比较级的修饰语使用不当，如比较级不能修饰比较级，如果出现比较级修饰比较级的情况，则前面的比较级是错误地，可能需要去掉或者修改该词语。

常见的比较级修饰语有：

abit,alittle,slightly,muchfar,even等。

常见的最高级修饰语有:

almost,（by）far,nearly,quite,really,second,third等。

3）有无-ly结尾的副词错用。

这类错误一种情况是该词本身是副词，不加-ly却加了；另一种情况是两个词都是副词，一个以-ly结尾，一个是本身的形式，应该用以-ly结尾的副词，却用了没有以-ly结尾的副词形式，不该用以-ly结尾的副词却用了。

事实上，一般说来，以-ly结尾的副词表示抽象意义，而不以-ly结尾的副词表示具体的动作程度，如thinkhighlyof对…评价很高，jumphigh。

1）根据adj.或adv.的基本用法确定错误；2）修饰名词用形容词，系表结构用形容词；3）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词，在句首用副词。

73.Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly.

74.TherehavebeenreportsinAmericaaboutpeopletryingtostealpersoninformationforbadpurposes.

75.Thelifeofthepeopleinthevillagehasgreatimproved.

76.Tocatchthefirstbusshehurriedtothestationasrapidasshecan.

77.FindinginformationontheNetiseasily.

78.Theycamebacklatelyandhadsometea.

79.TherearemanyforeignerscomingtoQingdaoforatourinrecentlyyears.

80.ClimateinBeijingismuchcoldthanthatinNanjing.

81.Thesouptastesgreatdelicious.

82.IamsureIcangetalonggoodwithmyhostfamily.

83.Fortunatehepassedthedrivingtest.

84.Whathesaidsoundedquiteperfectly.

85.Itwasrainingheavy.LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestoodcloselytohermother.（两处错误）

86.Iwasveryangry,buttheywereveryangrier.

87.Mymummakesthebetterbiscuitsintheworld,soIdecidedtoaskherforhelp.

88.Ifoundthetestdifficult,butItriedhardlytodoit.

考点9：

非谓语动词

命题特点及改正方法：

1）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；2）动词不定式和动名词的错用；3）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。

89.Earningtheirownmoneyallowsthemspendonanythingastheyplease.

90.MyparentswilldoalltheycanmakesurethatIgetagoodeducation.

91.Thequakedestroyedmanyhousesandbuildingsmademanypeoplehomeless.

92.Repairinglastmonth,nowthebathroomopens.

93.Somestudentsmayalsotosaveupfortheircollegeorfutureuse.

94.TherearealotofpeoplelearnedEnglishinChina.

95.Youshouldhaveabalancingdiettogrowahealthyman.

96.Whenshereturnedshefoundherbikelosing.

97.ItwillbecometheonlyschoolinBritainstartlessonsintheafternoon.

98.WhenhesawotherstolearnEnglish,heshookhishead,saysitwastoohardtorememberthenewwords（两处错误）.

考点10：

关系代词

命题特点改正方法：

1）关系代词和人称代词的错用；2）关系代词和人称代词的叠用；3）关系代词遗漏。

99.ShemovedtoCanada,thereshepickedupsomeEnglish.

100.Isawaprettygirl,shecamefromtheUS.

101.He’sreadingthesamebookthatshedidlastweek.

102.Doyouknowtheboyhisfatherisadoctor?

103.Tomboughtthenewbikewhichhefoundittwoweeksago.

104.Finallytheyarrivedatthecinema,thatwasstandingonthewater.

105.Suddenlyhefoundatemple,whichwasbuiltit100yearsago.

106.Doyouknowthegirlspoketotheboyjustnow?

107.OnTeachers’Daytheytalkedaboutsomethingsandpersonswhomtheyrememberedinthepast.

108.ThefilmwasdirectedbyLiAnisveryinteresting.

109.I’lltellyouallwhichhetoldmeyesterday.

110.HecamefromCanadafromhimIlearnedalotofknowledge.

111.I’llneverforgetthedayswhenwespenttogether.

考点11：

主谓一致

命题特点改正方法：

主谓一致性;第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响。

112.Shegotoschoolbybikeat6:

30inthemorning.

113.Isthereanybooksonthewritingdesk?

114.WhatsurprisedusmostarethathehadpassedtheCollegeEntranceExamination.

115.Hereistheanswerstothequestions.

116.WhiteaswellasherparentscomefromtheUS.

117.ThegirlwhosefatherisadoctorcomefromtheUS.

118.SuddenlyIfoundanoldmanwholiesontheground.

119.Lookingafterthepatientareherjob.

120.Thereare40studentsinourclass,26ofwhomisgirls.

考点12：

平行结构

命题特点改正方法：

词性或结构前后不一致，根据上下文句意做出判断

121.Motherisakind,health,