An Analysis of code hero in the Old Man and the Sea.docx
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An Analysis of code hero in the Old Man and the Sea.docx
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AnAnalysisofcodeherointheOldManandtheSea
AnAnalysisofcodeherointheOldManandtheSea
摘要
海明威所创造的硬汉形象给广大读者很大的勇气。
在论文中,我将阐述海明威笔下的硬汉精神,这将使我们对海明威的作品有更深刻的理解。
在海明威创作的作品中,《老人与海》在文学的海洋中占据着不可替代的地位,它是对海明威整体创造的一个总结。
老渔夫桑迪亚哥表现出海明威晚年生活的精神世界,并且是海明威硬汉形象的典型代表。
硬汉教我们如何做一个意志力坚强的人。
他们的形象展现出人类在面对敌人以及挑战时所表现出的巨大勇气。
基于以上的分析与讨论可以得出一个结论:
海明威通过一个个硬汉形象表现出了人类的爱恨情仇,以及在面对困难和挑战时表现出无比的勇气和无畏,而这正是我们要从硬汉们身上去学习的。
关键词:
海明威;硬汉;现实生活;勇气
Abstract
Hemingwaycreateda“codehero”whogaveourreadersmorecourage.Inthispaper,IwillemphasizetheHemingway’scodehero,whichwillmakeusunderstandhisworksmoredeeply.
TheoldandtheSeaPlaysanimportantPartintheworld’sliterature,anditisasummaryworksofHemingway.TheoldfisherSantiagoshowsustheauthor’sspiritworldabouthislaterlife,andalsoisarepresentativeof“codehero”.Thecodeheroteachesustobeastrong-willedman.Thecodeheroshowshuman’scouragetochallengeenemyandgreatspiritstodefeattheenemy.
BasedontheaboveanalysisaconclusionisdrawnthatheexpresseswhattoloveandwhattohatethroughtheCodeHero,whoshowshuman’scouragetochallengethenatureandgreatspirittodefeatthenature,Thatiswhatweshouldlearnfromthem.
Keywords:
Hemingway;codeheroes;reallife;courage
Contents
摘要I
AbstractII
ContentsIII
1Introduction1
2Thebackgroundinformation2
2.1Hemingway’slifeexperience2
2.2Thesocialandculturalbackground4
3Hemingway’sCodeHero6
3.1Hemingway'slifereflectedinhiswriting6
3.2CodeheroesappearedinHemingway’sworks6
3.3CodeheroreflectedinTheOldManandtheSea7
4Conclusion10
Acknowledgements11
Bibliography12
1Introduction
ErnestHemingway(1899-1961)isanovelistandshortstorywriter,whohasbecomeoneofthebest-knownAmericanauthorsofhiscentury.Heisfamousforhisromanticanduniqueartisticstyleallovertheworld.MostofHemingway’sworkscomefromhisexperiencesandpersonality.Althoughthecharactersinhisworksaredifferentinage,sexandprofession,theyhaveacommongroundtosomeextent.That’stheimageoftheCodeHero,includinganti-warsoldiers,bullfighters,anti-fascistwarriorsandfishermanetc.Thisistheglamourandmostoutstandingfeatureofhisworks.
ACodeHero,accordingtoHemingway,musthavegraceunderpressure,shoulddrinkexcessivelybutnotsloppily,andmustnottalktoomuch,especiallyabouthisaccomplishments.Hemusthavepropersocialskills,suchasknowingwhenheisunwantedandnotassociatingwiththemediocre.TheHemingwayCodeHerowasawell-acceptedconceptinitstime.Hemingwayhadsuccessfullycreatedthetypeofcharacterofwhichthereadersofthetimedreamed.Thiscreationwasgreat,onethatwouldbeappreciatedforgenerations.
Hemingway,thewriter,nevergaveup.Infact,TheOldManandtheSeawaswrittenatatimewhencriticswereslammingHemingwayasbeingwashedupandburntoutasawriter.TheOldManandtheSeaseemstobeHemingway'sresponsetothesecritics.LikeDiMaggioandSantiago,whenthegoinggottoughandtheoddswereagainsthim,Hemingwaystayedinthefight---hewrotehisbook.AndTheOldManandtheSearemainsoneofErnestHemingway'sgreatestachievements.It'sastoryaboutcourageandfortitudeanddesireandaccomplishment.Ittellsusallhowtobestliveourlivessothatwewill,intheend,havenoregrets.
2Thebackgroundinformation
ThebackgroundinformationisveryimportanttostudyHemingway’scodehero.Itinfluenceshisattitudestowardslifeandhis“coldhero”.
Thischapterwillintroducethebackgroundinformationfromtwoaspects:
(1)Hemingway’spersonalbackground;
(2)thesocialandculturalbackground.
2.1Hemingway’slifeexperience
UnluckyearlylifegaveHemingwaynotdepression,butcourage.Hebeganunderstandinglifeinhighdegree.Inthesummerof1920,HemingwaymovedtoChicago.HemetHadleyRichardsonandmarriedherin1921.
ErnestandHadleylivedinChicagoforashorttimeandthensailedforParis,whereheworkedasacorrespondentcoveringwarsandfightingfortheTorontoStar,aCanadiannewspaperandasanassistantforanAmericanliterarymagazine.Buthisrealpurposewastowritehisownstories.ParisbecamethebestplaceforHemingwaytodevelophisliteraryskills.
Inthesummerof1923,HemingwayvisitedSpainandsawhislife’sfirstbullfight.HewasinterestedinthesportandreturnedtoSpaininhislifemanytimestoseebullfight.Bullfightbecametheimportanttopicofseveralstoriesandbooks.AnumberofshortpassagesdescribingbullfightsappearedinHemingway’sfirstcollectionofshortstories.ThatyearinSpain,hepublishedhisfirstwork:
ThreeStoriesandTenPoems.Threeyearslater,TheSunAlsoRiseswaspublished.WhenTheSunAlsoRisesfirstbegantoappear,thepublicreadilyandenthusiasticallyacceptedit.ThiswaspartlybecauseHemingwayhadcreatedanewtypeoffictionalcharacter,whichiscommonlycalledtheHemingwayCodeHero.AFarewelltoArms,whichwasfinallypublishedin1929,AFarewelltoArmsisaboutthewarexperienceandtheloveaffairsofanAmericanyouthinItalyduringWorldWarI.Inthenovel,Hemingwaydealtwiththeunityoflifeanddeath,whichbecameoneofthemainthemes.Afterthisnovelwaspublished,Hemingwaygainssomereputation.
In1937,hewenttoSpaintocovertheSpanishCivilWarfortheNorthAmericanNewspaperAlliance.AfterafewmonthsinSpain,HemingwayannouncedhisplantowriteabookwiththeSpanishCivilWarasitsbackground.TheresultwasForWhomtheBellTolls,whichannouncedhisdiscoveryofasocialresponsibility.Thenovelwaswidelyknownbypubliclyashismasterpiece.Hemingwaythusbecamearealmasterwithaworldwidereputation.
2.2Thesocialandculturalbackground
DuringtheaftermathofworldI,manytraditionalreligiousbeliefslosttheirforce.Orderanddivinedirectionnolongerseemedtocharacterizetheworld.Inachangedsituation,thetaskoftheartistwastodiscovernewmeaningandcreatenewforms.Modernismisappearedatthattime.
Modernismisthemainstreamofthecolorfultrends.Modernistwritersarefondofexpressingthedepressioncausedbythecapitalistsystem,modernwarandmechanizedcivilization,distortedfigures.Modernismisanewartisticviewdifferentfromtraditionalviews.
ModernisminBritishandAmericanliterature,whichnotonlyhassomedirectandinevitableconnectionwiththesocialchangeinthe20thcentury,butalsothewriters’revoltingandreformingrealizationagainstthetraditionalculture.Butmodernismisnottiedbytraditionalcriterionorcertainpattern,whichexpressesmodernthoughtsandmodernexperiencesaccordingtoitsownaestheticprinciples.ThemodernismgavegreetimpactonHemingwayandotherwriters.
3Hemingway’sCodeHero
ThischapterisgoingtodiscusstheprocessthatHemingwaymakestheimageofthecodeheroandanalyzeHemingway’scodehero’sfeatures,andHemingway’masterpiecetheoldmanandthesea.Thecodeheroteachesustobeastrong-willedman.Thecodeheroshowshuman’scouragetochallengeenemyandgreatspiritstodefeattheenemy.
3.1Hemingway'slifereflectedinhiswriting
Hemingway'spersonalityandhisexperiencesarehiscreationsource.MostofHemingway'sfictionisbasedonhisownpersonalexperience.Whetherthesubjectwasbullfighting,big-gamehunting,orbattle,Hemingwaywasactuallywritingabouthimself.Hewasborninamiddle-classsuburbofChicagocalledOakPark.Hemingwaywastaughtbyhisfathertofishandhuntalongtheshoresandintheforestswhenhewasalittleboy.Whenhewastenyearsold,hewassentahuntinggun.Asaboyoffourteen,hewasencouragedtopracticeboxing.ThepartsofhisearlylifearereflectedinseveralofthestoriesaboutyoungNickAdams.TheexperienceduringWorldWarIhasbeenreflectedinAFarewelltoArms.ThenhisserviceandownexperiencesasawarcorrespondentduringSpanishCivilWarproducedForWhomtheBellTolls.HemingwayalsocreatedSantiago,theperfectimageoftheCodeHero,whichcamefromhisexperiencesoffishing.ThisnovelshowsSantiago’s“undefeated”spirit.WefindthatfishingplayedanimportantpartinHemingway’sworks.Weshouldconductourselvesjustliketheoldfisherman,Santiago,theperfectCodeHero,notbepessimisticanddisappointedbuttokeeponstrugglinguntilwegetwhatwewant.Thatis,undefeatedspiritisthemostimportant.
3.2CodeheroesappearedinHemingway’sworks
Nick,theheroofInOurTime,istheoneofHemingway’scodehero.Nickishonest,whenhegrowsup;hetakespartinthewarandreturnshomewithwoundsandgreatdisappointment.Therefore,wecansaythatNicklaysagoodfoundationforthebirthofJackBarnes,whoistheheroofHemingway’sfirstnovel---TheSunAlsoRises.Barneslosestheabilityofsexualinthewarsothathecan’tmarryhisgirlfriendwhomhelovesdeeply.Themorehelovesher,themorepainhehas.Hethrowshimselfintoworkactively,goestoenjoybeautifulsceneryandwatchesbullfighting.Intheend,hefindsthetruemeaningoflife.Followingthesetwocodeheroesanothercharacterofantiwarandwar-wearinesscomesintobeing.ItisHenry;theheroofAFarewelltoArmsHemingwaymadeconsiderablesuccessonHenry.InthecourseofthenovelLt.FredericHenryiswoundedinWorldWarI.Thewoundsrevealthenatureandtheruthlessnessofthewar.Furthermore,itshowsthebraveryofHenry.However,onseeingalotofinnocentpeoplebecometodieandtheresultofthewarwillnotbenefitanyparticipants,Henryhaseveryreasontoputdownhisarms,saygoodbyetothewarandtakehisownway.Sohedoesnotfightforhiscountry,ora
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