Is green architecture worth promoting for the development of human societyfinal draft.docx
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Is green architecture worth promoting for the development of human societyfinal draft.docx
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Isgreenarchitectureworthpromotingforthedevelopmentofhumansocietyfinaldraft
Isgreenarchitectureworthpromotingforthedevelopmentofhumansociety?
Introduction
Greenarchitecturehasbeenplayingasignificantroleforbothsocialdevelopmentandpeople’slivesovertherecentyears.Thereareavarietyofbenefitsbroughtbygreenarchitecturewhichhaveinfluencedhumansociety,suchasenergyefficiency,environmentalconcerns,economicandhealthybenefits.Afterthesentence“Beginningsareapttobeshadowy”ofTheSeaAroundUs(1951)saidbyRachelCarson,greenarchitecturehasattractedanumberofpeoplewhowereinterestedinthisintegratedworkcombinedbyeco-friendlytechnologyandthebeautyofnature(Halliday,2008,p.10).Inaddition,itwasforthefirsttimethat30expertsineveryfieldcametoRometotalkaboutsustainabledevelopmentinthelate1960s,whichledtoTheLimitstoGrowthwaspublished(Halliday,2008,pp.10-11).Oneaftertheother,bothattheUnitedNationsConferenceontheHumanEnvironment(1972)andattheWorldConservationUnion(1981),sustainabledevelopmentwaspaidmoreattentionasaninternationalconcern(Halliday,2008,p.15).Furthermore,sustainabledevelopmenthasbeenoneofthemostimportantissuesintheconstructionindustrysincetheUnitedNationsConferenceonEnvironmentandDevelopmentheldin1992(Halliday,2008,p.18).Moreover,notonlyisthepublicawarenessofprotectingenvironmentgrowing,buttheneedforasustainableconstructionwithlowprice,healthybenefits,energyefficiencyandpropersiteselectionalsoarerisingrapidly(Halliday,2008,p.21).Thisismostlythesituationofthedevelopmentofgreenbuilding.Notonlycantheenergyconservedbyadvancedtechnologyingreenbuilding,butsomeconvenienceandcomfortsuchassuitabletransportation,properindoortemperaturealsocouldbeoffered(Deal,2010,p.12).However,greenbuildingisstillexcludedbymostpeoplebecauseofmanyreasons,suchastheinactivepoliciesofgovernment,misleadingpoliciesofirresponsibledevelopersandincorrectuseofabundantknowledge(Halliday,2008,p.24).Althoughpeople’sopinionsforgreenarchitecturediffergreatly,thepositiveeffectsofthiskindofbuildingcannotbeignored.Greenarchitecturewillprobablybecomethefirstfactorconsideredwhenanewbuildingisdesignedbeforelong.Thisreportwillfirstdefinegreenarchitectureandthentheextenttowhichbenefitsofenergyefficiency,environmentalconcerns,financialissuesaswellastheimpactsonpeoples’liveswillbedemonstratedbylookingatsomeexamples.
Definition
Thedefinitionofgreenbuildingisabsolutelyimportantforpublic.Variousaspectsofgreenbuildinghavebeendevelopedsincethiskindofbuildingbecamethefocus.Inthefirstplace,asaconstruction,itsstructureshouldbedesignedtosatisfytherequirementofhumanandtobeashelter,whichcanmeettheneedofpeople’sactivitiesaswell(Deal,2010,p.12).Withtheincreasingappreciationofgreenbuilding,themajorityoffactorssuchastransoms,awningsandlargewindows,werethefirstfactorconsideredbydesignersforbuildingagreenconstruction(Kelly,Bramhandkar&Rosenthal,2010,pp.69-70).Nowadays,greenbuildingcanbedefinedasaprofessionalsignwhichinvolvesalargeamountofeco-friendlytechnologies.Notonlycanenergyefficiencybedirectlyusedforthegreenbuilding,butthecombinationoftheeco-friendlydesignandconstructiontechnologyalsocanbewidelyusedforconstructingamodernbuilding.AsstatedbytheU.SEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(2009ascitedinKellyetal.,2010,p.70),thereisacontinuousimprovementinthedevelopmentofgreenbuilding,whichalsocanhelpthedesignfortraditionalbuildingandimprovethequalityofbuilding.Inaddition,aqualifiedbuildingmustbetreatedseriouslyinsiteselection,designlink,constructionprocessaswellasoperationprocedure.Furthermore,theconsumptioninenergy,water,materialsandnaturalresourcesshouldbereducedorusedefficiently.Moreover,theenvironmentaleffectssuchassolidwaste,airpollution,waterpollution,indoorpollution,stormwaterrunoffandnoisepollutionshouldbeconsideredcarefullyaswell.Lastbutnotleast,itcannotbeignoredthatsomeultimateeffectssuchasharmtohumanhealth,environmentaldegradationandlossofresourcesareimportantfactorsingreenbuilding.Therefore,amajorityofmodernbuildingshavebeendesignedbyacertificationnamedasLeadershipinEnergyandEnvironmentalDesign(LEEDTM)whichwasestablishedbytheU.S.GreenBuildingCouncilsince2000(Kellyetal.,2010,p.70).Inaddition,therearefourlevelsofcertificationaccordingtothedesignforthebuildings,whichmeansthehigherleveldesignmustbeactivelyconnectedwithhealthcare,siteselection,waterefficiency,energysavings,materialselectionaswellasindoorenvironmentalquality.Thehigherqualitythebuildingcanreach,themorepointsthebuildingwillprobablyget.Inconclusion,greenbuildingtendstoattractmoreattentionwiththegrowingpublicawarenessofeco-friendlyissues(Kellyetal.,2010,p.71).
Energyefficiencyisoneofthemostimportantfactorsofgreenarchitecture
Asmentionedabove,itcanbeeasilyfoundthatgreenbuildinghasavarietyofbenefitsforsocialdevelopment.Notonlyshouldenergyconsumptionbedecreased,buttheuseofrenewableenergyalsoshouldbeencouraged.Itisanimportantissuethatgreenarchitecturecanuseenergyefficiently(Wilson&Tagaza,2006,p.57).AsstatedbyIEA(2004ascitedinWoods,Hyde,Hayashi,Ribeiro,Sotogo,Calderaro,Soebarto,Rajapaksha&Ghobadian,2008,p.60),therewasanupwardtrendabouttheenergyconsumption,whichmayincreaseby54percentfrom2004to2005allovertheworld.Inaddition,theproportionofenergyconsumptionindevelopingAsiamaysurpass40percentofallconsumption.Therefore,theseriousnessofenergyconsumptionshouldberealized,whichmaybeimprovedbyusingrenewableenergysuchassolarenergy.Forexample,itcanbefoundthatthereisaserioussituationinnorthwestChina,whererurallocalhousesinwinterarenotwarmenoughforpeople’slivesalthoughtheyhaveusedasmuchenergyastheycanforheating.Inthiscase,therequirementforanewtechnologywhichcanimprovepeople’slivingenvironmentthroughconsuminglowerenergyundertheinclementweatherhasbeenincreasing.Inaddition,itcanbeseenthatthesolartechnologiesusedinthegreenbuildingshaveimprovedlocalpeople’slivingenvironmenttoalargeextent.Siteplans,architecturedesignandlocalecologicalbuildingmaterialsareimportantaswell.However,thiskindofbuildingcannotbefullyadoptedbyallthelocalpeoplebecauseoftheintrinsicideas.Inaddition,somerichpeoplewouldliketobuildahouseaccordingtothepatterninthecityratherthanusinglocalmaterials.Thisphenomenonmaynotbechangedinashort-termperiodoftimebecausethetraditionalideasseemtobedifficulttotransform.Obviously,notonlycanthelivingenvironmentbeimproved,butgreenbuildingalsomayeasetheburdenaboutincreasingenergyconsumptionforsocialdevelopment.Accordingly,thiskindofbuildingshouldbepromotedactively(Zhang&Liang&Liu,2010,pp.484-489).
Environmentalconcernsareanindispensablefactorofgreenbuildingaswell
Anotherissuewhichisalsosignificantingreenbuildingisenvironmentalconcern.Materialselectionandsitepracticesshouldbeconsideredingreenarchitectureastheycanbebeneficialtotheenvironment.However,theconstructionindustryinAustraliajustconcernsitselfaboutthefinancialfactorssuchasthecostofthebuilding,thetimeforconstructingaswellasthequalityofthebuilding.Theenvironmentalfactorisjusttreatedasthesecondaryissue,whichmaynotevengetanyattention(Wilson&Tagaza,2006,p.60).Atoneendofthecontinuum,greenmaterialsshouldbesuitableforbuildingahouseandcanbeusedforalong-termperiodoftime,especiallyitshouldnotbeharmfultoenvironmentandshouldberecycled(Wilson&Tagaza,2006,p.60).Forinstance,somehousesinYinchuanPlainhavebeenbuiltwithstrawwhichisasuitablematerialforthelocalsituationwhichisverycoldandneedakindofhousetopreserveheatinwinter.Inaddition,notonlycanstrawbeusedforbuilding,butwheatbranandsawdustalsocanbeadoptedbysomepractice.Moreover,thelocalpeoplecanaffordthiskindofhousewhichiseasytooperateaswell(Zhangetal.,2010,p.484).Propermaterialcouldbeanimportantfactorofgreenarchitecturewhichmaybemorepopularbeforelong.However,itisdifficulttochooseasuitablematerial,becausethematerialmustsatisfytheequilibriumbetweentheenvironmentalperformanceandphysicalperformanceinthemeantime(Wilson&Tagaza,2006,p.60).Itmaystillneedalong-termtimetodevelopthepropermaterials.
Attheotherendofthecontinuum,asuitablesiteselectionisalinkofgreatimportancetobuildagreenarchitectureaswell.Itmaybethemosthelpfultoprotecttheenvironmentbyencouragingbuildinganewhouseinafieldwhereabuildingwasconstructedandhasbeendismantled(Wilson&Tagaza,2006,p.57).Inaddition,therearesomemeasuresforplanningasustainablesite.Asustainablesitemaybeconcernedaboutthehabitatconservation,publicspaceaswellasconvenience.Itisbettertominimizetheareaofbuildingcoverageandbeautifytheenvironment.Moreover,theorientationforcollectingsolarenergyandwindneedstobeconsideredwithdesirabledesign(Hyde,Sunaga,Soebarto,Ribeiro,Binarti,Junghars,Calderaro&Rajapaksha,2008,p.308).Witha
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