研究生英语答案新教材.docx

研究生英语答案新教材.docx

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研究生英语答案新教材

UnitOne

TextA

Warming-up

B.1.armchairtravelers2.budgettravelers3.familytravelers

4.businesstravelers5.adventuretravelers6.luxurytravelers

Comprehension

B.1-f2-c3-d4-a5-e6-b

Vocabulary&Structure

A.1.inhibitions2.incredulous3.endemic4.eerie5.exhilarated

6.lucid7.deckedout8.awe-inspiring9.plummeted10.gracious

Translation

A.在一切生物中，要算蜂鸟体形最优美、颜色最鲜艳。

经过工艺加工的各种宝石和金属是无法跟这个大自然的珍宝媲美的。

大自然按照鸟类的大小把它列为最小号，真是“最小的绝妙珍品”。

这种小蜂鸟是大自然的杰作；大自然把其他鸟类只能分有其中一部分的种种天赋全部慷慨地给了它。

这个小宠儿具有轻盈、敏捷、灵活、优雅以及羽毛绚丽等一切妙处。

那翠绿的、艳红的、嫩黄色的羽毛闪闪发光。

蜂鸟从不让它的羽毛沾染尘土，它生活在天空中，一刻也不碰到草皮。

它总是在空中飞翔，从花丛飞向花丛；它像花一样鲜艳，又像花一样艳丽。

蜂鸟靠花蜜为生，它只生活在四季鲜花盛开的地方。

B.1.Afterclimbinguptothetopofthemountainandlookingafarfromthevantagepoint,Isawlaidoutbeforemeaspectacularview,whichwasoneofthemostawe-inspiringviewIhaveeverbeheld;butequallyexhilarating（兴奋、高兴）wasthefactthatsomedistanceawayahawkwassoaringhigh,andthen,foraninstant,itsuddenlyplummeteddownintothecanyon.

2.Myfondestmemoryisofspendingafewdayswithafamilyinamountainvillage,dinneringwiththemandenjoyingvariousdishesendemictotheregion.Itisofmellowsweetnesstohavewatchedthem,deckedoutintheirtraditionalgarb,movingaroundthehouse.Ofcourse,astaythereforsomemoredaysinvolvessomedegreeof‘roughing-it’.

Writing1

…Paragraph1introducesthetripbydescribingtheauthor’sinitialventureintothepark.Paragraph2commentsontheabsenceoftouristsintheareathroughwhichthetourwaspassing.Paragraph3providesafewreasonswhythereweresofewtourists,includingtheremotenessoftheareaandtheeffectinvolvedingettingthere.Paragraph4discussestheapproachusedbytheeco-tourcompanyandtheirfocusontheculture,people,andcustoms.Paragraph5describesthehospitalityofthetraveler’hosts,thePemonIndians,andsomeoftheactivitiesinwhichtheyparticipated.Paragraph6reflectsontheeducationandunderstandingthatthetouristsgainedabouttheareaandtheculture.Paragraph7discussesthesystemofspiritualityandbeliefsofthePemontribeandtherare‘energymeridians’ofthearea.Paragraph8concludesbystatingthat,whilethetripwasexcitingforthosewhotookit,theeco-tourstyleoftravelingmaynotbeforeveryone.

UnitTwo

TextA

Comprehension

1.C2.C3.D4.C5.A6.D

Vocabulary&Structure

A.1.elaborate2.prosecution3.controversial4.ammunition5.compassion

6.response7.hospitalized8.surged9.moderately10.zeal

C.1.incurablyill2.bringabout3.grownfastinto4.winninganadvantage

5.given6.hidden,stealthy7.struggledwith8.mild,notharsh

Translation

B.

1.Quiteafewterminallyillpatientswouldoftenliketheirdoctorstoadministerlethaldrugstothemtoberelievedofsuffering;therearealsosomeoftheirfamilieswhowouldpreferthatdoctorswithdrawanylife-prolongingtreatmentsincethereisnohopeofeffectinganultimatecure.ThisproblemhaslatelyboiledoverintoafiercepublicdebateinsomeEuropeancountries.

2.Thosewhoareopposedto‘Euthanasia’believethatitisnodifferentfrommurderandthatitisunethical,whilethepro-euthanasistscontendthatsincetheincurablyillconsidertheirexistencemoreofatorment（痛苦、折磨）andsuffering,whynotletthemendtheirlivesinadecentandhumaneway?

Weoughttorespectthepatients’finaldecision.

3.Thefearthat‘mercykilling’willbeabusedorusedunnecessarilyisnotgroundless（无根据的、不无道理的）.Butwitheffectivemeasuresrigorously（有效的、严厉的）takenbythegovernmentandthedepartmentsconcerned,andundertightlycontrolledconditionsinhospitals,thisproblemwouldmostprobablyberesolvedintheend.

UnitThree

TextA

Vocabulary&Structure

A.1.backwards2.ababe3.chance4.odds

5.smites6.splash7.shinning8.hasty

B.1.C2.A3.B4.G5.D6.F7.H8.E

1.Theplungewetakeisnodifferentfromthegamblewearetakingagainstchance,againstdestiny,andinthecourseofitwemayrealizeourselvesasanaddedbonus.Andasaconsequencewewouldbeeitherbledwhiteorfinallymakeacareerafterpainstakingefforts,orinrarecases,becontinuouslyblessedwithanunhinderedadvance,andwewouldtakegreatprideinourobtainedsuccess.

2.Ifamanmakesgamblinganobsession,hewillnotonlylosehispropertygainedthroughyearsoftoil（长时间或辛苦的工作）,hewillalsolosehisdignityandconscience.Thereforeitisadvisablethattheybeatahastyretreatfromsuchanindulgence（嗜好、爱好）andbeawayfromtheseaoftroubles.

3.Onthebrightsideofthecoin,wewininthestruggleagainstdestiny,andtheoddsareinourfavor,thengamblingisnolongeratoxicdrug,ratheritisoneagainstboredomandapathy（默然、冷淡）,andmaywellpreserveourgoodtemper,patienceandoptimism,whichwilldousaworldofgood.

TextBB.1.depends2.prides3.volumes4.numbers5.blows6.blue

Unit4TextAVocabulary&Structure

A.1.involved2.touch3..spoil4.boost5.geton

6.getinDutch7.flingingmudat8.heart-heart9.profusion10.bithertongueoff

Translation

A.首先，教师应性情开朗，具有魅力。

这不排除长相平平，甚至面貌丑陋者，他们或许更具魅力。

但过于冲动者、郁郁寡欢者、冷酷无情者、尖酸刻薄者、愤世嫉俗者、怨天尤人者，以及自以为是、居高临下者却定要排除在外。

再补充一点：

应排除平庸者和性情不良者。

还是我以前书中所言：

“乏味或许比残暴更加催残学生。

”其次，教师不仅需要而且必须拥有同情心——真正意义上的同情心；能够设身处地的倾听他人的心声，特别要能感孩子们所感，思孩子们所思，因为教师中多为中小学教师；还有与此密不可分的宽容——当然，宽容的不是错误本身，而是人类脆弱与幼稚的本性，这才是诱使人们尤其是孩子犯下种种错误的根本。

1．Therearesomesuccessfulpeopleineverywalkoflife.Ontheonehand,theirsuccessesdependontheirborngenius,latereffortandsupportfromtheirfamily;ontheotherhand,theirsuccessesareattributedtovirtuesasabeing.Thesesuccessfulpeopleseldomcontradictothersunlessinalife-and-deathstruggle.Ifnecessary,theyknowhowtoswimwiththetideandtailortheirwordstothetastesofotherfellows.Theywillsaythingsinseasonanddothingsinmoderation.

2.Theyaremarvelous（非凡的，不可思议的）atadaptingthemselvestothesurroundingsandgoodatpleasingtheearsofotherpeople.Theyarequiteeasy-goingandwillneverflingmudatpeople.Iftheyhappentohavefrictionwithsomeone,theywilltrytohaveaheart-to-hearttalkwithhiminaplacidmood.Theywillneverdowhattheywillbitetheirtongueofflateron.

TextB

Translation

A.但是有另外一些人他们把成功更多地归公于运气和机会而不是毅力。

他们认为，就是因为是好的运气和机会，一些人比其他人更容易获得成功，尽管他们并不那么能干和称职。

毫无疑问，运气和机会是加快成功步伐的某种因素，但仅仅是因素而已。

事实上机会只能带来某种预示，从来不会自发成功，机会只有加上艰辛、持之以恒的努力才能使人获得成功。

毕竟，成功通常降临到那些愿意的人，或者说那些愿意把握机会的人。

于是，这些人可能得到运气的恩赐。

B.RichDevosisthestarter（initiator）ofthelargestsalescompanyontheglobe，Anliaswellas

ThebossofNBAOrlandoMagicandWNBAOrlandoMiracle.Toouradmiration,hehadtheoperationofhearttransplantattheageof70.What’stherebehindhissuccess?

Hisnewly-publishedbookHopeofHeratgivesthekeytothequestion,thatis,optimism.Hethinksanoptimisticattitudeisnotaluxury;it’sanecessity.Optimismdivertsourattentionawayfromnegativismandchannelsitintopositive,constructivethinking.Thereisenoughgoodandbadineveryone’slife—amplesorrowandhappiness,sufficientjoyandpain—tofindarationalbasisforeitheroptimismorpessimism,butweshouldfaceourlifeoptimisticallyforthegoodinlifefaroutweighsthebad.

Unit5TextAVocabulary&structure

A.1.bane2.anecdotes3.mundane4.stimulus

5.intriguing6.epidemic7.bout8.pathological

TranslationA.笑有很多好处。

笑把人们联系在一起。

在一些紧张的场合，笑声可以使人们放松精神。

所以应该多与别人分享欢笑。

笑还对健康很有好处。

有位著名作家在他的书里记述了他用喜剧和欢笑来治疗癌症的事。

在你笑的时候，你的横膈膜会上下运动，而你的淋巴液也会加速运动，这些都对你的健康有好处。

笑可以减轻压力放松肌肉，还可以加强你与别人的联系，特别是当你与别人语言不通时。

当彼此以微笑回应时，双方的联系就加深了。

英语里有两种说法，第一种是笑是会传染的，就像病毒和病菌一样。

另一种是笑是一种良药。

B.1.Theroleoflaughterismorecomplexthanpeoplehaveimagined.Peoplelaughforavarietyofreasons.Peoplelaughnotonlywhentheyfeelgood,butinresponsetomundanestatementsandinuncomfortablesituationsaswell.Forexample,whenpeoplearesurprisedatfunny-lookingthings,theirnaturalreactionislaughter.Somethingseemsawkwardforamomentandpeopledon'tknowwhattodo,sopeoplelaugh.Eveninathreateningsituation,laughtermayserveasawayofcalmingdownthetenseatmosphere.

2.Whydowelaugh?

Aconvincingexplanationwaitsformoreconfirmation.Butpeopleallovertheworldareconvincedthatitisprettygoodtolaugh.Laughterenablespeopletokeepmentallyhealthyandlaughterfunctionsassomekindofsocialsignaltostrengthenasocialbondbecausestudieshaveshownthatpeoplearemorelikelytolaughinsocialsettingsthanwhentheyarealone.anditcanbreakdownbarriersandforgeaconnectionwitheachother.

TextBTranslation

A.美国马里兰大学的心理学教授罗伯特-布鲁文赞同笑也具有进化连续性的这一说法。

他说，笑的起源来自于挠痒痒以及杂乱无章的游戏。

布鲁文教授和其他一些科学家还对黑猩猩进行了相关的研究，他们发现黑猩猩的笑（声音类似于噪音）与人类的笑存在着某种联系。

他说：

“确切地讲，笑是一种游戏的声音，从最初的喘气的呼呼声（吃力的呼吸声）发展到人类的“哈哈”笑的声音。

”通过研究从大猩猩喘气的呼呼声到人类“哈哈”的笑声两者之间的转化，科学家发现，呼吸控制是人类语音和笑声出现的关键所在。

B.ThereistheAmericansaying:

Laugh-and-the-world-laughs-with-you;Cry-and-you-cry-alone.Itisthefactthatmanypeoplelovetobehappyandenjoylaughing.There’resomereasonswhywelaugh.Onereasonissurprise.WhenIwassurprisedatfunnylookingthings,mynaturalreactionislaughter.Alsoyoumightlaughbecauseyou'reembarrassed.Somethingseemsawkwardforamomentandyoudon'tknowwhattodo,soyoulaugh.Whenyouseepeoplefallingdown,say,inChina,Inoticeeveryonelaughspartlybecauseofsurprise,andpartlybecauseofembarrassment.ButthereareWesternculturesthattheydon’tappreciateifyoulaughwhentheyfalldown.Peopleindifferentcultureslaughfordifferentreasons.Infact,whatmakesonelaughincomedyshowsTVshowsandmoviesindifferentculturesareverydifferent.Soeveryoneisdifferent,andwhatmakesyoulaughit'snotalwaysthesame.Thesameistruewithjokesindifferentcultures.

Unit6Tex