高考英语山东卷.docx
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高考英语山东卷.docx
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高考英语山东卷
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)
英语
第I卷(共105分)
第二部分:
英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)
第一节语法和词汇知识运用(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21.Whenyouaredonewiththebook,justgiveittoLucyorHelenor__________.
A.whoeverB.whereverC.whateverD.however
22.—SorryI’mlate.Igotstuckintraffic.
—_________.You’reherenow.Comeinandsitdown.
A.YouarewelcomeB.That’srightC.IhavenoideaD.Nevermind
23.Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof________havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.
A.themB.thatC.whichD.what
24.Myfirst_______ofhimwasthathewasakindandthoughtfulyoungman.
A.expressionB.attentionC.satisfactionD.impression
25.Itdoesn’tmatter________youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.
A.howB.whetherC.whatD.why
26.Georgereturnedafterthewar,only_______thathiswifehadlefthim.
A.tobetoldB.tellingC.beingtoldD.told
27.Hesmiledpolitely______Maryapologizedforherdrunkenfriends.
A.asB.ifC.unlessD.though
28.AfterJackhadsentsomee-mails,he_______workingonhisproject.
A.hadstartedB.hasstartedC.startedD.starts
29.Beingabletoafford_______drinkwouldbe______comfortinthosetoughtimes.
A.the;theB.a;aC.a;不填D.不填;a
30.Ifwe_______adequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessful.
A.haven’tmadeB.wouldn’tmakeC.didn’tmakeD.hadn’tmade
31.—Idon’tknowaboutyou,butI’msickandtiredofthisweather.
—_________.Ican’tstandallthisrain.
A.Idon’tcareB.It’shardtosayC.SoamID.Ihopenot
32.Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisen_______therewasnothingayearagobutruins.
A.whenB.whereC.beforeD.until
33.Be_______—youcan’texpectmetofinishallthisworkinsolittletime.
A.reasonableB.confidentC.creativeD.grateful
34.Themanagerwasconcernedtohearthattwoofhistrustedworkers______.
A.willleaveB.areleavingC.haveleftD.wereleaving
35.Aftercompletingandsigningit,pleasereturntheformtousintheenvelope________.
A.providingB.providedC.havingprovidedD.provide
第二节:
完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡将该项涂黑。
Wheneverwehearabout“thehomeless,”,mostofusthinkoftheDevelopingworld.Butthe36isthathomelessnessiseverywhere.Forexample,howmanyofuswouldexpecttoseepeoplelivingonthestreetsofa37countrylikeGermany?
KurtMullerandhiswifeRitahavespentelevenyearsmaking38forthehomelessofBerlin,Germany’scapital.Theyfirst39onelonghotsummerwhenmostGermanswere40onholiday.Kurtandhiswifestayedathome,madesandwiches,41atableinthestreetandgavefoodtothehomeless.
TheMullerssoonrealizedthatfoodandclothingweren’t42.“Whatthesepeoplealsoneediswarmthand43,”saysRita.TheMullersdidn’t44togivetheirphonenumbertothestreetpeopleandtoldthemtophoneanytime.Rita45therewassomebodyathometoanswerthephoneandtheirhomewasalways46toanyonewhocouldn’tfaceanothernightonthestreet.
Thecoupleweresoon47alltheirtimeandmoney,soKurtvisitedfoodandclothingcompaniesto48donations.Today,overthirtycompanies49donatefoodandothergoodstothecauseandvolunteershelpto50themtothehomeless.Thepublicalsogiveclothesandmoneyandashoeproducer51newshoes.
KurtandRitareceiveno52fortheirhardwork.“Wefeellikeparents,”saysRita,“andparentsshouldn’t53moneyforhelpingtheirchildren.Thelovewegetonthestreetsisoursalary.”ThoughRitaadmitssheoftengets54.Shesaysshewillcontinuewithherworkbecauseshelikesthefeelingofhavingmadea55intheworld.
36.A.resultB.TruthC.reasonD.idea
37.A.traditionalB.developingC.typicalD.wealthy
38.A.preparationsB.housesC.mealsD.suggestions
39.A.beganB.metC.calledD.left
40.A.asleepB.aloneC.acrossD.away
41.A.broughtupB.setupC.putasideD.gaveaway
42.A.enoughB.necessaryC.helpfulD.expensive
43.A.fameB.freedomC.courageD.caring
44.A.hesitateB.agreeC.pretendD.intend
45.A.makesenseB.foundoutC.makesureD.workedout
46.A.openB.crowdedC.noisyD.near
47.A.costingB.wastingC.takingD.spending
48.A.payforB.askforC.lookintoD.carryout
49.A.completelyB.calmlyC.regularlyD.roughly
50.A.advertiseB.sellC.deliverD.lend
51.A.donatesB.producesC.designsD.collects
52.A.permissionB.paymentC.directionD.support
53.A.borrowB.raiseC.saveD.expect
54.A.surprisedB.excitedC.tiredD.amused
55.A.profitB.differenceC.decisionD.rule
第三部分:
阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
ThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Nauru’sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.
Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedtheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwesterncivilization.ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFearnin1798.HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter,awhalingship.HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland.
However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst.Thewhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland.Aten-yearcivilwarstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1,400to900.
Nauru’srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate(磷酸盐)ontheisland.Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichaveryimportantfertilizerforfarming.Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate.
Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastripmine.Whenacompanystrip-mines,itremovesthetoplayerofsoil.Thenittakesawaythematerialitwants.Stripminingtotallydestroystheland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethemoon.
In1968,Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld.Everyyearthegovernmentreceivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphate.
Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.
56.Whatmightbetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?
A.ToseekhelpforNauru’sproblems.
B.Togiveawarningtoothercountries
C.Toshowtheimportanceofmoney
D.Totellaheartbreakingstoryofawar.
57.WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame?
A.RichandpowerfulB.Modernandopen
C.PeacefulandattractiveD.Greedyandaggressive
58.TheecologicaldisasterinNaururesultedfrom_______.
A.soilpollutionB.phosphateovermining
C.farmingactivityD.whalehunting
59.WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru’sfinancialproblem?
A.ItsleadersmisusedthemoneyB.Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland
C.Itsphosphateminingcostmuchmoney
D.Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar.
60.WhatcanwelearnaboutNaurufromthelastparagraph?
A.Theecologicaldamageisdifficulttorepair.
B.Theleaderswilltaketheexperts’wordsseriously.
C.TheislandwasabandonedbytheNauruans
D.Thephosphateminesweredestroyed
B
OneofthegreatestcontributionstothefirstOxfordEnglishDictionarywasalsooneofitsmostunusual.In1879,OxfordUniversityinEnglandaskedProf.JamesMurraytoserveaseditorforwhatwastobethemostambitiousdictionaryinthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.ItwouldincludeeveryEnglishwordpossibleandwouldgivenotonlythedefinitionbutalsothehistoryofthewordandquotations(引文)showinghowitwasused.
Thiswasahugetask.SoMurraryhadtofindvolunteersfromBritain,theUnitedStates,andtheBritishcoloniestosearcheverynewspaper,magazine,andbookeverwritteninEnglish.Hundredsofvolunteersresponded,includingWilliamChesterMinor.Dr.MinorwasanAmericanSurgeonwhohadservedintheCivilWarandwasnowlivinginEngland.Hegavehisaddressas“Broadmoor,Crowthorne,Berkshire,””50milesfromOxford.
MinorjoinedthearmyofvolunteerssendingwordsandquotationstoMurray.Overthenextyears,hebecameoneofthestaff’smostvaluedcontributors.
Buthewasalsoamystery.Inspiteofmanyinvitations,hewouldalwaysdeclinetovisitOxford.Soin1897,MurrayfinallydecidedtotraveltoCrowthornehimself.Whenhearrived,hefoundMinorlockedinabook-linedcellattheBroadmoorAsylumfortheCriminallyinsane.
MurrayandMinorbecamefriends,sharingtheirloveofwords.Minorcontinuedcontributingtothedictionary,sendinginmorethan10,000submissionsin20years.MurraycontinuedtovisitMinorregularly,sometimestakingwalkswithhimaroundtheasylumgrounds.
In1910,MinorleftBroadmoorforanasyluminhisnativeAmerica.Murraywasattheporttowavegoodbyetohisremarkablefriend.
Minordiedin1920,sevenyearsbeforethefirsteditionoftheOxfordEnglishDictionarywascompleted.The12volumesdefined414,825words,andthousandsofthemwerecontributionsfromaveryscholarlyanddevotedasylumpatient.
61.Accordingtothetext,
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