大学英语四级级阅读理解每日一练.docx
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大学英语四级级阅读理解每日一练.docx
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大学英语四级级阅读理解每日一练
大学英语四级级阅读理解每日一练
一
Recentresearchhasclaimedthatane_cessofpositiveionsintheaircanhaveanilleffectonpeoplesphysicalorpsychologicalhealth.WhatarepositiveionsWelltheairisfullofionselectricallychargedparticlesandgenerallythereisaroughbalancebetweenthepositiveandthenegativecharged.Butsometimesthisbalancebeesdisturbedandalargerproportionofpositiveionsarefound.ThishappensnaturallybeforethunderstormearthquakeswhenwindssuchastheMistralHamsinorSharavareblowingincertaincountries.Oritcanbecausedbyabuild-upofstaticelectricityindoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibresorfromTVsetsduplicatorsorputerdisplayscreens. Whenalargenumberofpositiveionsarepresentintheairmanypeoplee_perienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadachesfatigueirritabilityandsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffernauseaorevenmentaldisturbance.Animalsarealsoaffectedparticularlybeforeearthquakessnakeshavebeenobservedtoeoutofhibernationratstofleefromtheirburrowsdogshowlandcatsjumpaboutunaccountably.ThishasledtheUSGeographicalSurveytofundaworkofvolunteerstowatchanimalsinanefforttoforeseesuchdisastersbeforetheyhitvulnerableareassuchasCalifornia. Converselywhenlargenumbersofnegativeionsarepresentthenpeoplehaveafeelingofwell-being.Naturalconditionsthatproducetheselargeamountsareneartheseaclosetowaterfallsorfountainsorinanyplacewherewaterissprayedorformsaspray.Thisprobablyaccountsforthebeneficialeffectofaholidaybytheseaorinthemountainswithtumblingstreamsorwaterfalls. Toincreasethesupplyofnegativeionsindoorssomescientistsremendtheuseofionisers:
smallportablemachineswhichgeneratenegativeions.Theyclaimthationisersnotonlycleanandrefreshtheairbutalsoimprovethehealthofpeoplesensitivetoe_cesspositiveions.Ofcoursetherearethedetractorsotherscientistswhodismisssuchclaimsandareskepticalaboutnegative/positiveionresearch.Thereforepeoplecanonlymakeuptheirownmindsbyobservingtheeffectsonthemselvesoronothersofanegativerichorpoorenvironment.Afterallitisdebatablewhetherdependingonseismicreadingstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethanwatchingthecat.
1.Whateffectdoese_ceedingpositiveionizationhaveonsomepeople
A.Theythinktheyareinsane. B.Theyfeelratherbad-temperedandshort-fussed. C.Theybeeviolentlysick. D.Theyaretootiredtodoanything.
2.Inaccordancewiththepassagestaticelectricitycanbecausedby___.
A.usinghome-madeelectricalgoods. B.wearingclothesmadeofnaturalmaterials. C.walkingonartificialfloorcoverings. D.copyingTVprogramsonaputer.
3.Ahighnegativeioncountislikelytobefound___.
A.nearapoundwithawaterpump. B.closetoaslow-flowingriver. C.highinsomebarrenmountains. D.byarotatingwatersprinkler.
4.Whatkindofmachinecangeneratenegativeionsindoors
A.Ionisers. B.Air-conditioners. C.E_haust-fans D.Vacuumpumps.
5.Somescientistsbelievethat___.
A.watchinganimalstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethandependingonseismography.
B.theunusualbehaviorofanimalscannotbetrusted.
C.neitherwatchingnorusingseismographsisreliable.
D.earthquake
答案:
BCDAA
二
Whichissafer-stayingathometravelingtoworkonpublictransportorworkingintheofficeSurprisinglyeachofthesecarriesthesameriskwhichisverylow.HoweverwhataboutflyingparedtoworkinginthechemicalindustryUnfortunatelytheformeris65timesriskierthanthelatter!
Infacttheaccidentrateofworkersinthechemicalindustryislessthanthatofalmostanyofhumanactivityandalmostassafeasstayingathome.
Thetroublewiththechemicalindustryisthatwhenthingsgowrongtheyoftencausedeathtothoselivingnearby.Itisthiswhichmakeschemicalaccidentssonewsworthy.Fortunatelytheyaree_tremelyrare.ThemostfamousoneshappenedatTe_asCity(1947)Fli_borough(1974)Seveso(1976)Peme_(1984)andBhopal(1984)。
Someofthesearealwaysinthemindsofthepeopleeventhoughthelossoflifewassmall.NoonediedatSevesoandonly28workersatFli_borough.TheworstaccidentofallwasBhopalwhereupto3000werekilled.TheTe_asCitye_plosionoffertilizerkilled552.ThePeme_fireatastorageplantfornaturalgasinthesuburbsofMe_icoCitytook542livesjustamonthbeforetheunfortunateeventatBhopal.
Somee_pertshavediscussedtheseaccidentsandusedeachaccidenttoillustrateaparticulardanger.ThustheTe_asCitye_plosionwascausedbytonsofammoniumnitrate(硝酸铵)whichissafeunlessstoredingreatquantity.TheFli_boroughfireballwasthefaultofmanagementwhichtookriskstokeepproductiongoingduringessentialrepairs.TheSevesoaccidentshowswhathappensifthelocalauthoritieslackknowledgeofthedangerontheirdoorstep.Whenthepoisonousgasdriftedoverthetownlocalleaderswereincapableoftakingeffectiveaction.ThePeme_firewasmadeworsebyanoverloadedsiteinanovercrowdedsuburb.Thefiresetoffachainreactionose_plodingstoragetanks.Yetbyamiraclethetwolargesttanksdidnote_plode.Hadthesecaughtfirethen3000strongrescueteamandfirefighterswouldallhavedied.
1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue
A.Workingattheofficeissaferthanstayingathome.
B.Traverllingtoworkonpublictransportissaferthanworkingattheoffice.
C.Stayingathomeissaferthanworkinginthechemicalindustry.
D.Workinginthechemicalindustryissaferthantravelingbyair.
2.Chemicalaccidentsareusuallyimportantenoughtobereportedasnewsbecause____.
A.theyareveryrare
B.theyoftencauselossoflife
C.theyalwaysoccurinbigcities
D.theyarousetheinterestofallthereaders
3.Accordingtopassagethechemicalaccidentthatcausedbythefaultofmanagementhappenedat____.
A.Te_ascityB.Fli_boroughC.SevesoD.Me_icoCity
4.Fromthepassageweknowthatammoniumnitrateisakindof____.
A.naturalgaswhichcaneasilycatchfire
B.fertilizerwhichcantbestoredinagreatquantity
C.poisonoussubstancewhichcantbeusedinovercrowdedareas
D.fuelwhichisstoredinlargetanks
5.Fromthediscussionamongsomee_pertswemaycocludethat____.
A.toavoidanyaccidentsweshouldnotrepairthefacilitiesinchemicalindustry
B.thelocalauthoritiesshouldnotbeconcernedwiththeproductionofthechemicalindustry
C.alltheseaccidentscouldhavebeenavoidedorcontrolledifeffectivemeasurehadbeentaken
D.naturalgasstoredinverylargetanksisalwayssafe
答案:
DBABC
三
Mostofusaretaughttopayattentiontowhatissaidthewords.Wordsdoprovideuswithsomeinformationbutmeaningsarederivedfromsomanyothersourcesthatitwouldhinderoureffectivenessasapartnertoarelationshiptorelytooheavilyonwordsalone.Wordsareusedtodescribeonlyasmallpartofthemanyideasweassociatewithanygivenmessage.Sometimeswecangaininsightintosomeofthoseassociationsifwelistenformorethanwords.
Wedontalwayssaywhatwemeanormeanwhatwesay.Sometimesourwordsdontmeananythinge_ceptImlettingoffsomesteam.IdontreallywantyoutopaycloseattentiontowhatImsaying.JustpayattentiontowhatImfeeling.Mostlywemeanseveralthingsatonce.ApersonwantingtopurchaseahousesaystothecurrentownerThisstephastobefi_edbeforeIllbuy.TheownersaysItsbeenlikethatforyears.Actuallythestephasntbeenlikethatforyearsbuttheunspokenmessageis:
Idontwanttofi_it.Weputupwithit.WhycantyouThesearchforamoree_pansiveviewofmeaningcanbedevelopedofe_aminingamessageintermsofwhosaiditwhenitoccurredtherelatedconditionsorsituationandhowitwassaid.
Whenamessageoccurscanalsorevealassociatedmeaning.Letusassumetwocouplesdoe_actlythesameamountofkissingandarguing.Butonecouplealwayskissesafteranargumentandtheothercouplealwaysarguesafterakiss.Theorderingofthebehaviorsmaymeanagreatdealmorethanthefrequencyofthebehavior.Afriendsunusuallydocilebehaviormayonlybeunderstoodbynotingthatitwasprecededbysituationsthatrequiredanabnormalamountofassertiveness.Someresponsesmaybedirectlylinkedtoadevelopingpatternofresponsesanddefylogic.Fore_leapersonwhosaysNo!
toaserialsofchargeslikeYouredumbYourelazyandYouredishonestmayalsosayNo!
andtrytojustifyhisorherresponseifthene_tstatementisAndyouregoodlooking.
Wewoulddowelltolistenforhowmessagesarepresented.ThewordsIfsurehasbeennicetohaveyouovercanbesaidwithemphasisande_citementorritualistically.Thephrasecanbesaidonceorrepeatedseveraltimes.Andthemeaningsweassociatewiththephrasewillchangeaccordingly.Sometimesifwesaysomethinginfrequentlyitassumesmoreimportance;sometimesthemorewesaysomethingthelessimportanceitassumes.
1.Effectivemunicationisrenderedpossiblebetweentwoconversingpartnersif___.
A.theyuseproperwordstocarrytheirideas.
B.theybothspeaktrulyoftheirownfeelings.
C.theytrytounderstandeachothersideasbeyondwords.
D.theyarecapableofassociatingmeaningwiththeirwords.
2.Imlettingoffsomesteaminparagraph1means___.
A.Imjustcallingyourattention.
B.Imjustkidding.
C.Imjustsayingtheopposite.
D.Imjustgivingoffsomesound.
3.Thehouse-ownerse_leshowsthatheactuallymeans___.
A.thestephasbeenlikethatforyears.
B.hedoesntthinkitnecessarytofi_thestep.
C.theconditionofthestepisonlyaminorfault.
D.thecostinvolvedinthefi_ingshouldbes
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