Analysis of Jane EyresPersonalities and Their Causes.docx
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Analysis of Jane EyresPersonalities and Their Causes.docx
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AnalysisofJaneEyresPersonalitiesandTheirCauses
AnalysisofJaneEyre’sPersonalitiesandTheirCauses
摘要:
《简·爱》是19世纪英国批判现实主义文学作家夏洛蒂·勃朗特的代表作。
女主人公简没有姣好的面容,婀娜的身姿,却和其他著作中的美人一样,深深地吸引着我们,关键就在于它成功地塑造了英国文学史中第一个对爱情、生活、社会以及宗教都采取了独立自主的积极进取态度和敢于斗争、敢于反抗、敢于争取自由平等地位的生动的女性形象。
关键词:
简爱;独立;自信
Abstract:
JaneEyreiswrittenbyfamoustalentedEnglishcriticalrealistwomannovelistCharlotteBrontein19thcentury.TheheroineJanedidnothavebeautifulappearanceorasupple,gracefulfigure,butshestillattractedusdeeplylikethebeautiesofotherworks,andthekeyisthatitsuccessfullycreatedthefirstvividwomanimageofEnglishliteraturehistorywhotookaproactiveandindependentattitudetolove,life,society,religion,anddaredtostruggle,daredtoresistandwasbraveinfightingforthestatusoffreedomandequality.
KeyWords:
JaneEyre;independence;self-confidence
1.Introduction
JaneEyreisCharlotteBronte’srepresentativeworkin19thcenturyanditissuchagreatnovelthatitholdsanimportantpositioninthehistoryofBritishliterature.Oureyeswerecaughtbyherwordswhichstruggledforequalityandfreedom.CharlotteBrontemadeherselfasaprototype,createdsuccessfullyanewwoman,JaneEyre,whowasplainbutconstantlystrivedtobecomestronger,shehadcouragetofightcontinuouslyforfreedomandequalityinthemaleword.CharlotteBronteandJaneEyrehadsomeexperiencesincommon.Sothroughtheanalysisofthenovel,wecanseethemiserablepredicamentofEnglishwomeninthattimeandtheirstrongdesireofseekingforequalsocialpositionwithmen.ThenovelbeginswithlittleJaneasadespisedorphaninthehouseofheruncle’swidow.Beingrebellious,sheispackedofftoacharitableboardingschool,whichadministersharshdisciplinewithespecialvigor.Janesetsherselftolearn,qualifiesherselfasateacher,advertisesforapost,andisemployedasgovernessoftheillegitimateFrenchdaughterofRochesterinhiscountrymansion,Thornfield.Dramatically,JaneandRochesterhaveaffections;theytwofallindeeplovewitheachother.Whentheypreparetogetmarried,JaneunfortunatelygetsthenewsthatRochesterhasalegalwife.Withoutanycomplains,Janeleaves.AfterrescuedbytheRiverfamily,Janehappenstogetasumofheritage.WhenJohnproposesforJane’slove,shehearsasupernaturalcryfromRochester,withouthesitation,sherushesbacktoThornfieldonlytofindthehousehasbeenburntdownandRochesterhasbeenmaimedandblind.However,Janedecidestomarryhimintheendbecauseshethinkstheyareinrealequal.
Thispaper,firstly,talksabouttheauthorandthegeneralideaaboutJaneEyrebriefly.Secondly,themostimportantpartinthisthesis,itmainlyanalyzesthecharacterofJaneEyrefromthefollowingaspects:
(1)self-respectandconfidenceofJaneEyre;
(2)theindependenceofJaneEyre;ItwillmaketheimageofJaneEyremuchmorevividandbright.Finally,itistheconclusionofthispaper.
2.1Backgroundoftheworksandtheauthor'sexperienceontheinfluenceofthenovel
2.1.1historicalbackgroundandinfluence
Thebirthofanynovelhascloseconnectionwithitshistoricalbackground.Earlyofthe19thcentury,thatis,Victoria,isarapideconomicgrowthduringthisperiodoftime.Withthecompletionoftheindustrialrevolution,withsignificantchangesinBritishsociety,ontheonehandismorerichnobles,thebourgeoisie;Ontheotherhandisincreasinglyimpoverishedunderclasspeople'slife.Thisdifferentiationbringsvolatilitytothesocietyandunrest,thewholesocietyinconstantturmoil.Theseturbulentwakethefreecompetitionasthefoundationofcapitalistsocietyasthemostperfectpeople,sothattheynolongerbelieveinthe18thcenturyenlightenmentthinkersof"rationalsociety",alsodisgustatthebeginningofthe19thcenturyromanticismwritersforidealpursuitandthevoidofhazydescription,andthesocietyatthattimetodoainvestigationandsurvey,exposingandcriticizingtheevilsinrealsocietyanddisadvantages.SothehistoryofBritishliteratureappeared"faction"gloriousrealismwriter.Theyarefromadifferentstandpointandperspectiveofsocietyatthattime,hisidealandthoughts.
inthemeantime,manysocialproblems,amongwomenisstillseenasthesecondhierarchy,atthistime,womenascheapLabour,forcedtodohardwork,theydidn'tgetthecorrespondingtreatment,therefore,inthelateVictorianera,thefeministmovementbegantofightforwomen'sequalityandfreedom,andfortheireducationandemploymentopportunities.Someoftheoutstandingwomen,suchasfamouswomenwritersBrontesisters,theyarethegreatEnglishrealist.thoughcapitalismhasemerged,buttheoldpracticesandbiasisstilldominant.Theybothcreatespicturesofbourgeoiscivilization,andshowsthesufferingofthepeople.
2.1.2TheAuthorandJaneEyre
CharlotteBronte(1816-1855)wasborninthefamilyofapoorcountryclergymanatHaworth,Yorkshire,innorthernEngland.Inthisperiodoftenseclassstruggleappearedanewliterarytrend-criticalrealism.Englishcriticalrealismofthe19thcenturyflourishedinthefortiesandintheearlyfifties.ThecriticalrealistsdescribedwithmuchvividnessandgreatartisticskillthechieftraitsoftheEnglishsocietyandcriticizedthecapitalistsystemfromademocraticviewpoint.Sheandthreeofhersistersweresenttoacharityschoolwheretheywerecruellytreated,andwherehertwoeldersistersdied.In1835-1838sheworkedasaschoolteacher,andlaterasgoverness.In1842shewentwithhersisterEmilytostudylanguagesataschoolinBrussels,whereduring1843shewasemployedasateacher.InthenextyearshewasbackatHaworth,andin1846appearedavolumeofverseentitledpoemsbyCurer,Ellis,andActionBell,thepseudonymsofCharlotte,Emily,andAnnerespectively.TheProfessor,Charlotte’sfirstnovel,wasrejectedbydifferentpublishers,anditwasnotpublishedtillafterherdeath.Shewenttowriteanothernovel,JaneEyre,whichwaspublishedin1847andachievedimmediatesuccess.ThegreatestEnglishrealistofthetimewasCharlesDickens.Withstrikingforceandtruthfulness,hecreatespicturesofbourgeoiscivilization,describingthemiseryandsufferingsofthecommonpeople.
ThemethodofcriticalrealismwasfurtheradoptedbysuchwritersasCharlotteandEmilyBronte,andElizabethGaskell.InwritingJaneEyre,CharlotteBrontechieflyresortstotherealisticapproach,butherrealismisheightenedbyhersparkleofromanticimagination.Thenovelismarkedthroughoutbyintensity,intensityofvisionisthedescriptivepassages,intensityoffeelingintheemotionalscenes.ThepassionateinvolvementoftheheroineJaneEyreineverysituationendowsthenovel,likeEmily’sWutheringHeights,withthequalityofpoetry,eveninthemediumofprose.In1848,WutheringHeightsandAgnesGreybyhersistersEmilyandAnnerespectivelywerealsopublished.ButsorrowscametoCharlotteforinthatyearheronlybrotherandEmilydied,andAnnediedthefollowingyear.Charlotte,theonlysurvivingchildofthefamily,outlivedhersistersandbrotherbysomeyears,withrestlessenergy,shewrotetwoothernovels,“Shirley”(1849),hersecondnovel,dealingwiththelifeofworkersatthetimeoftheLuddites’movement.ThelastnovelbyCharlotteBronte,“Villette”,cameoutin1853.InVillette,theauthoragaindrawsfromherownlifeexperienceandcreatesawomancharacterfromapoorfamilywhofightsherwayintheworldwithherintelligence,andstrongwill.Theheroineisshownashavingnomoney,beauty,orfriends,andinordertosupportherselfsheteachesatagirls’schoolatBrussels,Belgium.In1854shemarriedherfather’scurateA.B.Nicholas,butdiedafewmonthslater
2.2DetailedAnalysisoftheCharacterofJaneEyre
2.2.1.Self-ConfidenceofJaneEyre
Asayounggirl,sheisilltreatedbyheraunt,however,JaneEyrefindsherboundlessconfidenceandtoughspirit,andakindofinnerpowercannotbedefeated.Herself-respectisrelatedtoherlifeenvironment.Sheispoorbutaspiring,smallinbodybuthugeinsoul.Inheropinion,everyoneisthesameatGod’sfeet.Thoughtherearedifferencesinstatus,inpropertyandalsoinappearance,allthehumanbeingsareequalinpersonality.SheneverfeelsherselfinferiortoRochesterthoughsheisahumblefamilyteacher.Onthecontrary,shethinkstheyarefair.Everybodyshouldrespecteachother.Infact,heruprightness,loftinessandsincerity,shakesRochesterandmakeshimthinksheisaverywomanwhocantalkfairlyinspirit.Theheroineismovedbyhiswhole-hearted.Theyfallinlovedeeply.Atthetimeofmarrying,shefindsthefactthatRochesterhashadawife.Shetellsherselfshemustleave.ShesaystoRochesterlikethis:
Icareformyself.Themoresolitary,themorefriendless,themoreunsustainedIam,themoreIwillrespectmyself.IwillkeepthelawgivenbyGod;sanctionedbyman.Iwillh-oldtotheprinciplesreceivedbymenwhenIwassane,andnotmad-asIamnow,lawsandprinciplesarenotforthetimeswhenthereisnotemptation:
theyareforsuchmomentsasthis,whenbodyandsoulriseinmutinyagainsttheirrigor;stringentarethey;inviolatetheyshallbe.IfatmyindividualconvenienceImightbreakthem,whatwouldbetheirworth.Preconceivedopinions,foregonedeter-minations,areallIhaveatthishourtostandby:
thereIplantmyfoot.(CharlotteBronte,2003)
Fromtheshortpassage,itcanbeseenJaneEyrefindssheisdeceived;herself-respectismadefunof,becauseshelovesMr.Rochestersincerely.Noonecanbearthisbyhisclosestlover.ButJaneEyrecan.What’smore,shemakesavery
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