5最新职称英语补全短文字典排版.docx
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5最新职称英语补全短文字典排版.docx
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5最新职称英语补全短文字典排版
第一篇MobilePhones
Mobilephonesshouldcarryalabeliftheyproved1tobeadangeroussourceofradiation,accordingtoRobertBell,ascientist.Andnomoremobilephonetransmittertowersshouldbebuiltuntilthelong-termhealtheffectsoftheelectromagneticradiationtheyemitarescientificallyevaluated,hesaid.“Nobody’sgoingtodropdeadovernight2butweshouldbeaskingformorescientificinformation,”RobertBellsaidataconferenceonthehealtheffectsoflow-levelradiation.____1____
Areportwidelycirculatedamongthepublicsaysthatuptonowscientistsdonotreallyknowenoughtoguaranteetherearenoill-effectsonhumansfromelectromagneticradiation.AccordingtoRobertBell,thereare3.3millionmobilephonesinAustraliaaloneandtheyareincreasingby2,000aday3.____2____
Aswell,thereare2,000transmittertowersaroundAustralia,manyinhighdensityresidentialareas5.____3____Theelectromagneticradiationemittedfromthesetowersmayhavealreadyproducedsomeharmfuleffectsonthehealthoftheresidentsnearby.
RobertBellsuggeststhatuntilmoreresearchiscompletedtheGovernmentshouldbanconstructionofphonetowersfromwithina500metreradiusofschoolgrounds,childcarecentres,hospitals,sportsplayingfieldsandresidentialareaswithahighpercentageofchildren.____4____Headdsthatthereisalsoevidencethatifcancersufferersaresubjectedtoelectromagneticwavesthegrowthrateofthediseaseaccelerates.
____5____AccordingtoRobertBell,itisreasonableforthemajortelephonecompaniestofundit.Besides,healsourgestheGovernmenttosetupawide-ranginginquiryintopossiblehealtheffects.
C “Ifmobilephonesarefoundtobedangerous,theyshouldcarryawarninglabeluntilpropershieldscanbedevised,”hesaid.
B Bytheyear20004itisestimatedthatAustraliawillhave8millionmobilephones:
nearlyoneforeverytwopeople.
E Forexample,Telstra,OptusandVodaphonebuildtheirtowerswhereitisgeographicallysuitabletothemanddisregardtheneedofthecommunity.
A Hesaysthereisemergingevidencethatchildrenabsorblow-levelradiationataratemorethanthreetimesthatofadults6.
D Thenwhofinancestheresearch?
第二篇TheWorld'sLongestBridge
Rumorhasitthat1alegendarysix-headedmonsterlurksinthedeepwatersoftheTyrrhenian
SeabetweenItalyandtheislandofSicily.
(1)Whencompletedin2010,theworld'slongestbridgewillweighnearly300,000tons一equivalenttotheicebergthatsanktheTitanic—andstretch5kilometerslong.“That'snearly50percentlongerthananyotherbridgeeverbuilt.’,saysstructuralengineerShaneRixon.
(2)They'resuspensionbridges,massivestructuresbuilttospanvastwaterchannelsorgorges.Asuspensionbridgeneedsjusttwotowerstoshoulderthestructure'smammothweight,thankstoheftysupportingcablesslungbetweenthetowersandanchoredfirmlyindeeppoolsofcementateachendofthebridge.TheMessinaStraitBridgewillhavetwo54,100-tontowers,whichwillsupportmostofthebridge'sload.Thebeefycablesofthebridge,each1.2meterindiameter,willholdupthelongestandwidestbridgedeckeverbuilt.
WhenconstructionbeginsontheMessinaStraitBridgein2005,thefirstjobwillbetoerecttwo370meter-tallsteeltowers.(3)Gettingthesecablesupwillbesomething2.It'snotjusttheirlength—totally5.3kilometers—buttheirweight.'——(4)
Afterloweringvertical“suspender’,cablesfromthemaincables,builderswillerecta60meter-wide54,630-tonsteelroadway,ordeck—wideenoughtoaccommodate12lanesoftraffic.Thedeck'sweightwillpulldownonthecableswithaforceof70,500tons.Inreturn,thecablesyankupagainsttheirfirmlyrootedanchorswithaforceof139,000tons—equivalenttotheweightofabout100,000cars.Thoseanchorsareessential.(5)
CIftrue,onedayyoumightspythebeastwhilezipping(呼晡而过)acrosstheMessinaStraitBridge.
BWhatdotheworld'slongestbridgeshaveincommon?
EThesecondjobwillbetopulltwosetsofsteelcablesacrossthestrait,eachsetbeingabundleof44,352individualsteelwires.
FTheywilltipupthescalesat166,500tons—morethanhalfthebridge'stotalmass.
DThey'rewhatwillkeepthebridgefromgoinganywhere.
第三篇ReinventingtheTable
Anearthscientisthasrejiggedtheperiodictable1tomakechemistrysimplertoteachtostudents.
____1____ButBruceRailsbackfromtheUniversityofGeorgiasaysheisthefirsttocreateatablethatbreakswithtraditionandshowstheionsofeachelementratherthanjusttheelementsthemselves.
“Igottiredofbreakingmyarmstryingtoexplaintheperiodictabletoearthstudents,”hesays,criss-crossinghishandsintheairandpointingtodifferentbitsofatraditionaltable.____2____Buthehasaddedcontourlinestochargedensity,helpingtoexplainwhichionsreactwithwhich.
"Geohemistsjustwantanintuitivesenseofwhat'sgoingonwiththeelements,"saysAlbertGalyfromtheUniversityofCambridge4,____3____
____4____Heexplainsthatsulphur,forexample,showsupinthreedifferentspots—oneforsulphide,whichisfoundinminerals,oneforsu1phite,andoneforsu1phate,whichisfoundinseasa1t,forinstance.
Hehasalsoinc1udedsymbolstoshowwhichionsarenutrients,andwhicharecommoninsoi1orwater.____5____
A.TherehavebeenmanyattemptstoredesigntheperiodictablesinceDmMMendeleev2drewitupin1871.
B.Railsbackhasstillorderedtheelementsaccordingtothenumberofprotonstheyhave.
C.“Iimaginethiswouldbegoodforundergraduates.”
D.Railsbackhaslistedsomeelementsmorethanonce.
E.Andthesizeofelement’ssymbolreflectshowmuchofitisfoundintheEarth’scrust.
第四篇TheBilingualBrain
WhenKarlKimimmigratedtotheUnitedStatesfromKoreasateenager,hehadahardtimelearningEnglish.Nowhespeaksitfluently,andhehadauniqueopportunitytoseehowourbrainsadapttoasecondlanguage.Asagraduatestudent,KimworkedinthelabofJoyHirsch,aneuroscientistinNewYork.1Theyfoundevidencethatchildrenandadultsdon'tusethesamepartsofthebrainwhentheylearnasecondlanguage.
TheresearchersusedaninstrumentcalledanMRI(magneticresonanceimaging)scannertostudythebrainsoftwogroupsofbilingualpeople.2.Theotherconsistedofpeoplewho,likeKim,learnedtheirsecondlanguagelaterinlife.PeoplefrombothgroupswereplacedinsidetheMRIscanner.ThisallowedKimandHirschtoseewhichpartsofthebrainweregettingmorebloodandweremoreactive.Theyaskedpeoplefrombothgroupstothinkaboutwhattheyhaddonethedaybefore,firstinonelanguageandthentheother.Theycouldn'tspeakoutloudbecauseanymovementwoulddisruptthescanning.
KimandHirschlookedspecificallyattwolanguagecentersinthebrain-Broca'sarea~,whichisbelievedtocontrolspeechproduction,andWernicke'sarea,whichisthoughttoprocessmeaning.KimandHirschfoundthatbothgroupsofpeopleusedthesamepartofWernicke'sareanomatterwhatlanguagetheywerespeaking.3
PeoplewholearnedasecondlanguageaschildrenusedthesameregioninBroca'sareaforboththeirfirstandsecondlanguages.PeoplewholearnedasecondlanguagelaterinlifeusedadifferentpartofBroca'sareafortheirsecondlanguage.4Hirschbelievesthatwhenlanguageisfirstbeingprogrammedinyoungchildren,theirbrainsmaymixthesoundsandstructuresofalllanguagesinthesamearea.Oncethatprogrammingiscomplete,theprocessingofanewlanguagemustbetakenoverbyadifferentpartofthebrain.
Asecondpossibilityissimplythatwemayacquirelanguagesdifferentlyaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Hirschthinksthatmothersteachababytospeakbyusingdifferentmethodsinvolvingtouch,sound,andsight.5
FTheirworkledtoanimportantdiscovery.
BOnegroupconsistedofthosewhohadlearnedasecondlanguageaschildren.
AButtheiruseofBroca'sareawasdifferent.
CHowdoesHirschexplainthisdifference?
EAndthatisverydifferentfromlearningalanguageinahighschoolorcollegeclass.
第五篇 TheMagicofSound
Musicisoneofthemostbeautifulformsofartisticexpressionseverinvented.Inmoviesandplays,musichasanaddedfunction1:
itnotonlymovespeoplebutalsocanshockpeople.Isittruethatanordinarymusicalinstrumentcanbesopowerful?
Oureardrumscanwithstandsoundwithin20to80decibels.Oncesoundexceedsthislimit2,evenbeautifulmusicwillbecomeear-splittingnoise3andharmhealth.Astrongblastofhighsoundcantwistandbreakasolidironsheet.____1____
Thenoisefromaplane'sengineisover140decibels.However,thesoundofafluteisatmostafewdecibels.____2____Ithasbeenproventhatpeoplewhohaveworkedinanenvironmentwithahighsoundintensityforalongtimesuffervaryingdegreesofheartdiseaseoralteredbrainwaves.
Inmovies,sometimestheherocanproduceasoundthatordinarypeoplecan'thearandonlythosewhohavethesameabilitycanfeel.Innature,thereisactuallysoundthatisbeyondourhearing.Inphysics,thesoundthatexceeds20,000Hziscalledultrasonic.____3____Itdoesnoharmtohealth.
Soundlessthan20Hziscalledinfrasonicwaves.Whenwemove,theairwillvibrate.____4____Asthefrequencyofinfrasonicwavesisclosetothatofpeople'sinternalorgans,infrasonicwavemaycauseresonanceinhumanbodies.Asaresult,people'svisionmayweakenandinternalorgans4mayrupture.However,whetheraninfrasonicwavecanbeusedasaweapondependsonitsintensity5.Ifitsintensityisverylow,itwon’tdamageinternalorgansoraperson'shealth.____5____Whenwindb
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