初中英语时态2.docx
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初中英语时态2.docx
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初中英语时态2
专题8
动词的时态一共有16种,以ask为例,将其各种时态的构成形式列表如下:
现在时
过去时
将来时
过去将来时
一般
ask/asks
asked
shall/willask
should/wouldask
进行
am/is/areasking
was/wereasking
shall/willbeasking
should/wouldbeasking
完成
have/hasasked
hadasked
shall/willhaveasked
should/wouldhaveasked
完成进行
have/hasbeenasking
hadbeenasking
shall/willhavebeenasking
should/wouldhavebeenasking
五、过去将来时
定义:
过去将来时的基本特征,即“立足过去,着眼未来”。
它表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的某个动作或存在的某种状态。
但这个"将来"时间绝不会延伸到“现在”;而仅限于“过去时间区域内”。
由此可以看出,含这个时态的句子常带一个表示“过去某个时间点”的状语例如:
MarytoldmethatshewouldgotoShanghaibyplane.
HesaidhewouldcomeherenextFriday.
Iknewthathewouldhelpuswhenwewereintrouble.
我知道当我们陷入困境时它会帮助我们。
基本构成
A)would+动词原形。
如:
HeaskedmeifIwouldstayhere.
Shetoldusthatshewouldtryherbesttocatchupwithotherclassmatesthisterm.
WhenyouaskedLiLeiforhelp,hewouldneverrefuseyou.
(过去当你请她帮忙时,他绝不会拒绝。
)
B)was/weregoingto+动词原形
如:
Nooneknewwhenhewasgoingtofinishhishomework.
没有人知道他什么时候会完成作业。
Hetoldusthathewasgoingtoattendthemeeting.他告诉我说他要参加那次会议。
HesaidthatIwasgoingtobesenttomeetherattherailwaystation.他说将要派我去火车站接她
C)was/wereaboutto+动词原形。
如:
Hesaidthattheyweretoleaveatsix.
Shesaidthatthemeetingwasabouttobegin.
Wewereabouttoleavetherewhenitbegantorainheavilyandsuddenly.
Hewasabouttohavelunchwhenthebellrang.
D)was/wereto+动词原形。
如:
Thebuildingwastobecompletednextmonth.
这座建筑改在下个月竣工。
LiLeiwastoarrivesoon.李蕾很快就要到了。
E)come,go,arrive,leave,die等瞬时动词,用在过去进行时态中表示过去将来。
was/were+现在分词。
如:
Hewasleavingthenextday.他第二天要走了。
Wewereinformedthattheleaderswerecomingtoourschoolsoon.
我们接到通知说领导们很快要来我们学校。
ShetoldusthatshewasleavingforYunnan.她告诉我们她将要去云南。
基本用法
A)主句为过去时,宾语从句常表示将要发生的事情。
如:
Nobodyknewwhatwouldhappenafterahundredyears.(将会)
Wewantedtoknowwhethershewasgoingtospeakatthemeeting.
Hesaidhewouldstaywithus.
Hesaidhewouldnevergothereagain.
Hedidn'texpectthatwewouldallbethere.他没料到我们会全在那儿。
B)表示过去习惯性的动作
Duringthatperiod,hewoulddomorning-exerciseseveryday.
在那段时间,他每天早锻炼。
Wheneverhehadtime,hewouldhelphismotherwithsomehousework.
无论他什么时间有空,他总是帮他妈妈干点家务活。
C)表示过去情况中的“愿望”、“倾向”,多用于否定句。
例如:
Nomatterhowdifficulttheworkwas,hewouldkeepondoingituntilheaccomplishedit.不管工作有多难,他总会坚持不懈地把它干完。
Theyknewthatwewouldneverpermitsuchathing.他们知道我们绝不会允许发生这样的事。
Evenafterthelectureended,theaudiencewouldnotleave.甚至在讲座结束之后,听众仍不肯离去。
D)过去将来时,用于虚拟语气中,如:
IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdothat.
Ifhewerehere,hewouldshowushowtodoit.
IfIhadachancetostudyabroad,IwouldstudyatHarvardUniversity.
Iwishhewouldgowithmetothecinematonight.
总而言之
1、结构:
would/should+动词原形was/weregoingto+动词原形
2、用法:
1)表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句中。
例如:
Hesaidthathewouldfinishhisworkbefore9o’clock.他说他会在九点之前完成工作。
2)表示过去的某种习惯,只要would。
例如:
Wheneverhehasbeenintrouble,wewouldgivehimahand.
每当他遇到困难时,我们总会伸出援助之手。
1.LiMingsaidhe_____happyifBrian_____toChinanextmonth.
A.as;comeB.was;wouldcome
C.wouldbe;cameD.willbe;come
2.Jennysaidshe_____herholidayinChina.
A.spentB.wouldspent
C.wasgoingtospentD.wouldspend
3.—Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?
—Hetoldmethathe______theDisneyWorldthenextday.
A.willvisit B.hasvisited
C.isgoingtovisit D.wouldvisit
4.IhopedTina______tomybirthdaypartyontimethenextWednesday.
A.tocome B.iscoming
C.willcome D.wascoming
5.Fathersaidthathe______metoBeijingthenextyear.
A.took B.wouldtake
C.takes D.willtake
6.Wewerenotsurewhetherthey______morevegetables.
A.aregoingtogrow B.weregoingtogrow
C.willgrow D.havegrown
7.She______toworkwhenthetelephonerang.
A.isgoing B.willgo
C.wasabouttogo D. istogo
II.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.MissZhangsaidshe________(visit)theGreatWallnextsummer.
2.Shetoldhimthatshe________(notstay)hereforlong.
3.Iwasn’tsurewhetherLucy_______(come)thenextyear.
4.Thescientistssaidtheworld’spopulation_______(slow)downinfuture.
5.Shesaidthebus_______(leave)atfivethenextmorning.
6.Iwasn'tsurewhetherhe_______(lend)mehisbookthenextmorning.
7.Hewasfifty-six.Intwoyearshe_______(be)fifty-eight.
8.Whenevershehastime,she______(help)themintheirwork.
六、过去进行时
1、构成:
was/were+动词的现在分词(--ing)
2、用法:
1)表示在过去某时刻正在进行或发生的动作,通常与表过去的时间状语连用。
例如:
Atthismomentyesterday,Iwaspackingforcamp.昨天这个时候,我正在收拾东西去露营。
2)表移动的动词,如come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return等词的过去进行时,可以表示过去将要发生的动作。
例如:
ShetoldmethatshewasgoingtoHainanforherholiday.在含有时间状语从句的复合句中,表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生之后,另一个动作正在进行。
例如:
Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation.
他们离开车站时,正下着雨。
WhenIgottothetopofthemountain,thesunwasshining.
我到达山顶时,阳光灿烂。
3)在叙述或描写过去的事情时,过去进行时经常与其它过去时态,特别时是一般过去时连用。
但是过去进行时往往是表示背景。
例如:
Onenight,hewastypinginhisstudy.Suddenly,amanbrokeintohishouseandcutofftheelectricity….一天晚上,他正在书房里打字。
突然,一个人闯进屋来,切断了电源……
◆巩固练习:
【例1】Mary___adresswhenshecutherfinger.
A.made B.ismaking C.wasmaking D.makes
【例2】Asshe___thenewspaper,Granny___asleep.
A.read;wasfalling B.wasreading;fell
C.wasreading;wasfalling D.read;fell
选择题
1.I______amealwhenyou_____me.
A.cooked,wereringing B.wascooking,rang
C.wascooking,wereringing D.cooked,rang
2. Hesaidhe_____todrawaplaneontheblackboardatthattime.
A.tries B.tried C.wastrying D.willtry
3. Whileshe______TV,she______asoundoutsidetheroom.
A.waswatching,washearing B.watched,washearing
C.watched,heard D.waswatching,heard
4. They_____afootballgamefrom7to9lastnight.
A.werewatching B.watch C.watched D.arewatching
5. Whatbook____you______whenI____youatfouryesterdayafternoon?
A.did,read,wasseeing B.did,read,saw
C.were,reading,saw D.were,reading,wasseeing
6. ItwasFridayevening.MrandMrs.Green_____readytoflytoEngland.
A.aregetting B.get C.weregettingD.got
7. LeiFeng_____always_____ofotherswhenhe______inthearmy.
A.is,thinking,was B.was,thinking,is
C.did,think,is D.was,thinking,was
8.Agirl______mypenfalloffthetablewhenshe_____me.
A.saw,passed B.wasseeing,passed
C.wasseeing,pastD.wasseeing,waspassing
9. We____forTomattenlastSunday.Heoftenkeptus______.
A.werewaiting,waiting B.werewaiting,wait
C.waited,waiting D.waited,wait
10. He____hisfatheronthefarmthewholeafternoonlastSaturday.
A.helps B.wouldhelp C.washelping D.ishelping
11. Whilemother_______somewashing,I_____akiteforKate.
A.did,made B.wasdoing,made
C.wasdoing,wasmaking D.did,wasmaking
12. “_______youangrythen?
”“They______toomuchnoise.”
A.Are,weremaking B.Were,weremaking C.Are,made D.Were,made
13. He____somecookingatthattime,sohe_____me.
A.did,heard B.did,didn’thear
C.wasdoing,heard D.wasdoing,didn’thear
14. ThistimeyesterdayJack_____hisbike.He_____TV
A.repaired,didn’twatch B.wasrepairing,watched
C.repaired,watched D.wasrepairing,wasn’twatching
15. Hisparentswantedtoknowhowhe_____onwithhisnewclassmates.
A.wasgetting B.gets C.isgetting D.willget
【中考题】
1.—Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?
—I____onthegrassanddrawingapicture.
A.sitB.satC.amsittingD.wassitting
2.WhileI___________TV,thebellrang.
A.watchB.watchedC.amwatchingD.waswatching
3.—Whydidn’tyouanswermytelephoneyesterday?
—Sorry.I_______abath.
A.tookB.takeC.amtakingD.wastaking
4.Whilethealien_______asouvenir,thegirlcalledthepolice.
A.wasbuyingB.boughtC.buysD.isbuying
5.—Icalledyouat6o'clockyesterdayevening,butnobodyanswered.
—I'msorry.ImyfrienddownloadthemovieKungFuPandaⅡwhenthetelephonerang,
A.wouldhelpB.helpedC.washelping
6.IalongtheroadwhenIsawPeter.Sowestoppedandhadachat.
A.walkedB.waswalkingC.wouldwalkD.hadwalked
7.—Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?
—Sorry.Ididn’tcatchit.I____somethingelse.
A.thinkB.willthinkC.wasthinkingD.hadthought
8.WhenIcamebackyesterdayevening,mybrother________hishomework.
AisdoingB.hasdoneC.wasdoing
9.MrsWhite_____dinnerwhenhersoncamehome.
A.iscookingB.wascookingC.arecookingD.werecooking
10.—DidyouseeMr.Blackjustnow?
—Yes.He______hiscarwhenImethim.
A.parkedB.wasparkingC.parksD.willpark
11.—Amy,Icalledyouyesterdayevening,butnobodyansweredthephone.
—Oh,I_________awalkwithmymotheratthattime.
A.takeB.tookC.amtakingD.wastaking
12.Yesterdayevening,I___alongthestreetwhenIsuddenlymetmymathsteacher.
A.walkB.walkedC.waswalkingD.amwalking
13.—Wherewereyouat7:
00lastnight?
—I_____tomymomathome.
A.writeB.waswritingC.wrote
14.—Whydidn’tyougotoplayfootballwithusyesterdayafternoon?
—I_____mymotherwiththehouseworkthen.
A.helpedB.washelpingC.hadhelpedD.havebeenhelping
15.He____whentheUFOarrived.Hedidn’twakeuntilt
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